Research Progress in Power-Oriented Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Guest Editor
1 School of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
2 Guangdong Key Laboratory for Hydrogen Energy Technologies, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
Interests: crystalline carbon materials for lithium-ion batteries; fuel cells; biosensors
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue on research progress in power-oriented solid-state lithium-ion batteries (SSLBs) delves into the cutting-edge advances and challenges in the field, highlighting the shift toward safer, more efficient battery technologies. Central to this issue is the development of innovative solid electrolytes that promise higher ionic conductivities and improved mechanical properties. These advancements aim to leverage the benefits of solid electrolytes for enhanced safety and higher energy densities, particularly through the potential integration of lithium metal anodes.

Addressing the critical issue of interfacial impedance, this Special Issue explores various strategies for stabilizing and optimizing the electrode–electrolyte interface, a key aspect in achieving high-power output and longevity in SSLBs. Innovative cell architectures and manufacturing techniques are also discussed, focusing on scalability and the adaptation of SSLBs to diverse applications, from electric vehicles to wearable electronics.

Moreover, this Special Issue underscores the ongoing efforts made to overcome the challenges of scaling up production, ensuring consistent performance, and reducing costs. By providing a comprehensive overview of the current research, material innovations, and future directions, this Special Issue aims to chart the path for SSLBs in powering the next generation of electronic devices and electric vehicles, marking a pivotal step toward a more sustainable and efficient energy future.

Dr. Hong Zhao
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • power battery
  • electronic vehicles
  • solid-state electrolyte
  • lithium anode
  • high-voltage cathode

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 15802 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Thermal Runaway Mitigation Performances of Dielectric Fluids During Overcharge Abuse Tests of Lithium-Ion Cells with Lithium Titanate Oxide Anodes
by Carla Menale, Antonio Nicolò Mancino, Francesco Vitiello, Vincenzo Sglavo, Francesco Vellucci, Laura Caiazzo and Roberto Bubbico
World Electr. Veh. J. 2024, 15(12), 554; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15120554 - 27 Nov 2024
Viewed by 870
Abstract
Lithium titanate oxide cells are gaining attention in electric vehicle applications due to their ability to support high-current charging and their enhanced thermal stability. However, despite these advantages, safety concerns, particularly thermal runaway, pose significant challenges during abuse conditions such as overcharging. In [...] Read more.
Lithium titanate oxide cells are gaining attention in electric vehicle applications due to their ability to support high-current charging and their enhanced thermal stability. However, despite these advantages, safety concerns, particularly thermal runaway, pose significant challenges during abuse conditions such as overcharging. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of various dielectric fluids in mitigating thermal runaway during overcharge abuse tests of cylindrical LTO cells with a capacity of 10 Ah. The experimental campaign focused on overcharging fully charged cells (starting at 100% State of Charge) at a current of 40A (4C). The tests were conducted under two conditions: the first benchmark test involved a cell exposed to air, while the subsequent tests involved cells submerged in different dielectric fluids. These fluids included two perfluoropolyether fluorinated fluids (PFPEs) with boiling points of 170 °C and 270 °C, respectively, a synthetic ester, and a silicone oil. The results were analyzed to determine the fluids’ ability to delay possible thermal runaway and prevent catastrophic failures. The findings demonstrate that some dielectric fluids can delay thermal runaway, with one fluid showing superior performance with respect to the others in preventing fire during thermal runaway. The top-performing fluid was further evaluated in a simulated battery pack environment, confirming its ability to mitigate thermal runaway risks. These results provide important insights for improving the safety of battery systems in electric vehicles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research Progress in Power-Oriented Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries)
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16 pages, 9898 KiB  
Article
Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Failure Under Vibration
by Jianying Li, Zhanhong Chen, Yinghong Xie, Hao Wen, Chaoming Cai and Hai Wang
World Electr. Veh. J. 2024, 15(12), 548; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15120548 - 24 Nov 2024
Viewed by 724
Abstract
The failure mechanism of square lithium iron phosphate battery cells under vibration conditions was investigated in this study, elucidating the impact of vibration on their internal structure and safety performance using high-resolution industrial CT scanning technology. Various vibration states, including sinusoidal, random, and [...] Read more.
The failure mechanism of square lithium iron phosphate battery cells under vibration conditions was investigated in this study, elucidating the impact of vibration on their internal structure and safety performance using high-resolution industrial CT scanning technology. Various vibration states, including sinusoidal, random, and classical impact modes, were tested to simulate real-world usage scenarios. The findings demonstrate that different vibration conditions exert varying degrees of influence on the battery cells. Despite experiencing slight deformation and displacement after exposure to vibrations, their overall performance remains stable, with no significant safety hazards detected. Moreover, it was observed that while the side gap increases due to the partial absorption of impact load by both the battery cells and connection components, the bottom gap remains unchanged. This study holds immense significance in enhancing electric vehicle safety and reliability, while providing a scientific foundation for future optimization designs of lithium iron phosphate batteries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research Progress in Power-Oriented Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries)
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16 pages, 3422 KiB  
Article
Handling Complexity in Virtual Battery Development with a Simplified Systems Modeling Approach
by Achim Kampker, Heiner H. Heimes, Moritz H. Frieges, Benedikt Späth and Eva Bauer
World Electr. Veh. J. 2024, 15(11), 525; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15110525 - 15 Nov 2024
Viewed by 874
Abstract
Lithium-ion battery systems are a core component for electric mobility, which has become increasingly important in the last decade. The rising number of new manufacturers and model variants also increases competitive pressure. Competition is shortening development times. At the same time, the range [...] Read more.
Lithium-ion battery systems are a core component for electric mobility, which has become increasingly important in the last decade. The rising number of new manufacturers and model variants also increases competitive pressure. Competition is shortening development times. At the same time, the range of technology options for batteries is growing steadily. Fast and well-founded concept development is becoming even more essential in this increasingly complex environment. For this purpose, various model-based systems engineering (MBSE) methods are analyzed and evaluated. Based on this, the battery modeling framework is derived and described, tailored to the needs of battery development. The validation of the methodological approach is demonstrated by the simulation workflow from an electrical cell characterization to the thermal evaluation of different cooling methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research Progress in Power-Oriented Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries)
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Review

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32 pages, 7366 KiB  
Review
Scientometric Insights into Rechargeable Solid-State Battery Developments
by Raj Bridgelall
World Electr. Veh. J. 2024, 15(12), 555; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15120555 - 1 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1176
Abstract
Solid-state batteries (SSBs) offer significant improvements in safety, energy density, and cycle life over conventional lithium-ion batteries, with promising applications in electric vehicles and grid storage due to their non-flammable electrolytes and high-capacity lithium metal anodes. However, challenges such as interfacial resistance, low [...] Read more.
Solid-state batteries (SSBs) offer significant improvements in safety, energy density, and cycle life over conventional lithium-ion batteries, with promising applications in electric vehicles and grid storage due to their non-flammable electrolytes and high-capacity lithium metal anodes. However, challenges such as interfacial resistance, low ionic conductivity, and manufacturing scalability hinder their commercial viability. This study conducts a comprehensive scientometric analysis, examining 131 peer-reviewed SSB research articles from IEEE Xplore and Web of Science databases to identify key thematic areas and bibliometric patterns driving SSB advancements. Through a detailed analysis of thematic keywords and publication trends, this study uniquely identifies innovations in high-ionic-conductivity solid electrolytes and advanced cathode materials, providing actionable insights into the persistent challenges of interfacial engineering and scalable production, which are critical to SSB commercialization. The findings offer a roadmap for targeted research and strategic investments by researchers and industry stakeholders, addressing gaps in long-term stability, scalable production, and high-performance interface optimization that are currently hindering widespread SSB adoption. The study reveals key advances in electrolyte interface stability and ion transport mechanisms, identifying how solid-state electrolyte modifications and cathode coating methods improve charge cycling and reduce dendrite formation, particularly for high-energy-density applications. By mapping publication growth and clustering research themes, this study highlights high-impact areas such as cycling stability and ionic conductivity. The insights from this analysis guide researchers toward impactful areas, such as electrolyte optimization and scalable production, and provide industry leaders with strategies for accelerating SSB commercialization to extend electric vehicle range, enhance grid storage, and improve overall energy efficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research Progress in Power-Oriented Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries)
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