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Vision
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Pupillometry
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Pupillometry

A special issue of Vision (ISSN 2411-5150).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 6852

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Anthony James Lambert

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Psychology and Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
Interests: visual orienting; conscious perception; imagery; anauralia; aphantasia
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Although pioneering work on relationships between psychological factors and changes in the size of the eye pupil appeared more than half a century ago, with notable contributions by Daniel Kahneman, Eckhard Hess, and James Polt, recent decades have witnessed a dramatic increase in the application of pupillometry to a wide variety of research questions. We invite contributions to a Special Issue of Vision on this topic.

Contributions focusing on any aspect of pupillometry will be welcome, including papers concerned with clinical, applied, methodological, and theoretical issues. This may include papers which consider:

  • The role of pupillometry in clinical fields such as neurology, optometry, and audiology;
  • Use of pupillometry for assessment of alertness and task engagement in applied settings;
  • Methodological issues in the pupil size measurement dynamics;
  • Neural mechanisms of pupil size control;
  • Relationships between neurocognitive mechanisms (perception, attention, task engagement, mental imagery, emotion, and memory) and changes in pupil size.

Prof. Dr. Anthony James Lambert
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vision is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 618 KiB  
Article
Agreement between Two Devices for Measuring Pupil Diameter in Patients Implanted with Multifocal Intraocular Lenses
by Joaquín Fernández, Noemí Burguera, Carlos Rocha-de-Lossada, Marina Rodríguez-Calvo-de-Mora and Manuel Rodríguez-Vallejo
Vision 2023, 7(2), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/vision7020040 - 9 May 2023
Viewed by 2079
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the agreement between three methods for measuring pupil size in patients implanted with multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs): Keratograph 5M (K5M), Pentacam AXL Wave (PW), and a simple hand ruler. Sixty-nine subjects implanted with MIOLs and [...] Read more.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the agreement between three methods for measuring pupil size in patients implanted with multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs): Keratograph 5M (K5M), Pentacam AXL Wave (PW), and a simple hand ruler. Sixty-nine subjects implanted with MIOLs and measured at the three-month follow-up visit were included in this retrospective analysis. K5M and PW were used to measure the photopic (PP) and mesopic (MP) pupil sizes, and a hand ruler was used to measure the pupil under environmental light conditions (135 lux). The Bland–Altman method with its limits (LoAs) was used to assess the agreement. The median PP was 2.8, 2.95, and 3 mm for K5M, PW, and the ruler, respectively (p < 0.05). Differences in PP were statistically significant for all paired comparisons (p < 0.0005) except between PW and the ruler (p = 0.44). The LoAs for the difference in PP between K5M and PW was 0.63 mm. The mean difference for MP between K5M and PW was 0.04 mm (p = 0.34) with LoAs of 0.72 mm. MP measured with K5M and PW could be considered interchangeable, although a correction of −0.3 mm (IC95%: −0.23 to −0.39) should be applied to PP measured with PW to attain the K5M mean. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pupillometry)
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Review

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13 pages, 754 KiB  
Review
Eyes on Memory: Pupillometry in Encoding and Retrieval
by Alex Kafkas
Vision 2024, 8(2), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/vision8020037 - 14 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1353
Abstract
This review critically examines the contributions of pupillometry to memory research, primarily focusing on its enhancement of our understanding of memory encoding and retrieval mechanisms mainly investigated with the recognition memory paradigm. The evidence supports a close link between pupil response and memory [...] Read more.
This review critically examines the contributions of pupillometry to memory research, primarily focusing on its enhancement of our understanding of memory encoding and retrieval mechanisms mainly investigated with the recognition memory paradigm. The evidence supports a close link between pupil response and memory formation, notably influenced by the type of novelty detected. This proposal reconciles inconsistencies in the literature regarding pupil response patterns that may predict successful memory formation, and highlights important implications for encoding mechanisms. The review also discusses the pupil old/new effect and its significance in the context of recollection and in reflecting brain signals related to familiarity or novelty detection. Additionally, the capacity of pupil response to serve as a true memory signal and to distinguish between true and false memories is evaluated. The evidence provides insights into the nature of false memories and offers a novel understanding of the cognitive mechanisms involved in memory distortions. When integrated with rigorous experimental design, pupillometry can significantly refine theoretical models of memory encoding and retrieval. Furthermore, combining pupillometry with neuroimaging and pharmacological interventions is identified as a promising direction for future research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pupillometry)
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Other

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9 pages, 252 KiB  
Brief Report
Combat Sports as a Model for Measuring the Effects of Repeated Head Impacts on Autonomic Brain Function: A Brief Report of Pilot Data
by Christopher Kirk and Charmaine Childs
Vision 2023, 7(2), 39; https://doi.org/10.3390/vision7020039 - 4 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2683
Abstract
Automated pupil light reflex (PLR) is a valid indicator of dysfunctional autonomic brain function following traumatic brain injury. PLR’s use in identifying disturbed autonomic brain function following repeated head impacts without outwardly visible symptoms has not yet been examined. As a combat sport [...] Read more.
Automated pupil light reflex (PLR) is a valid indicator of dysfunctional autonomic brain function following traumatic brain injury. PLR’s use in identifying disturbed autonomic brain function following repeated head impacts without outwardly visible symptoms has not yet been examined. As a combat sport featuring repeated ‘sub-concussive’ head impacts, mixed martial arts (MMA) sparring may provide a model to understand such changes. The aim of this pilot study was to explore which, if any, PLR variables are affected by MMA sparring. A cohort of n = 7 MMA athletes (age = 24 ± 3 years; mass = 76.5 ± 9 kg; stature = 176.4 ± 8.5 cm) took part in their regular sparring sessions (eight rounds × 3 min: 1 min recovery). PLR of both eyes was measured immediately pre- and post-sparring using a Neuroptic NPi-200. Bayesian paired samples t-tests (BF10 ≥ 3) revealed decreased maximum pupil size (BF10 = 3), decreased minimum pupil size (BF10 = 4) and reduced PLR latency (BF10 = 3) post-sparring. Anisocoria was present prior to sparring and increased post-sparring, with both eyes having different minimum and maximum pupil sizes (BF10 = 3–4) and constriction velocities post-sparring (BF10 = 3). These pilot data suggest repeated head impacts may cause disturbances to autonomic brain function in the absence of outwardly visible symptoms. These results provide direction for cohort-controlled studies to formally investigate the potential changes observed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pupillometry)
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