Retinal and Optic Nerve Diseases: New Advances and Current Challenges

A special issue of Vision (ISSN 2411-5150).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 1456

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ophthalmology has undergone continuous modernization in recent years due to the innovations of ever-more-advanced technology that have made major strides in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of ocular diseases.

New genetic discoveries and ocular diagnostic technologies (such as optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomography angiography, ocular ultrasound, etc.) have expanded our understanding of several ocular pathologies, including choroidal and retinal diseases and optic nerve diseases, which represent a compelling challenge in ophthalmology, considering that these diseases are vision-threatening and may also impact the patient’s quality of life. With the goal of better understanding the nature of these complex and multifaceted ocular diseases and how to treat them, this Special Issue will encourage research on the latest developments in the management and treatment of retinal and optic nerve diseases, from the etiology to the diagnosis and personalized treatment.

Dr. Livio Vitiello
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • retinal diseases
  • optic nerve diseases
  • glaucoma
  • retinopathy
  • maculopathy
  • optic neuropathy

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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8 pages, 1670 KiB  
Article
Iris Microcirculation After Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty: A Pilot Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study
by Dmitrii S. Maltsev, Alexey N. Kulikov and Alina A. Kazak
Vision 2025, 9(1), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/vision9010021 - 5 Mar 2025
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Abstract
Background: This research was conducted to study changes in iris microcirculation using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma after selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT). Methods: All patients received standard SLT. OCTA examination of the iris was performed before SLT [...] Read more.
Background: This research was conducted to study changes in iris microcirculation using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma after selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT). Methods: All patients received standard SLT. OCTA examination of the iris was performed before SLT and one day and seven days after SLT using RTVue-XR with a 3 mm scan pattern and follow-up function. Iris vascularity was calculated with ImageJ software (version 1.53k) as vessel density on binarized images. Correlation between absolute or percentage changes in iris vessel density and intraocular pressure (IOP) changes was calculated. Results: A total of 31 eyes (31 patients, 10 females, 70.7 ± 8.9 years) were included. Iris vessel density increased statistically significantly (p = 0.002) the day after SLT followed by a decrease to baseline level at one week. A statistically significant correlation (r = 0.57, p = 0.002) was found between the percentage change in iris vessel density the day after the procedure and IOP change at three months. Conclusion: SLT is associated with a transitory increase in iris vessel density, which can be observed with OCTA the day after the procedure. Substantial increase in iris vascularity is associated with a poorer IOP-lowering effect of SLT in eyes with open-angle glaucoma. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Retinal and Optic Nerve Diseases: New Advances and Current Challenges)
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Review

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18 pages, 755 KiB  
Review
Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy and Age-Related Macular Degeneration
by Deokho Lee, Soo Jin Kim and Junyeop Lee
Vision 2025, 9(2), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/vision9020035 - 17 Apr 2025
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Abstract
Retina, a light-sensitive layer of tissue of the eye, requires high levels of oxygen for its physiology. Retinal ischemia occurs due to inadequate supply of blood to the retina and choroid. Retinal ischemia is implicated in the development or progression of many ocular [...] Read more.
Retina, a light-sensitive layer of tissue of the eye, requires high levels of oxygen for its physiology. Retinal ischemia occurs due to inadequate supply of blood to the retina and choroid. Retinal ischemia is implicated in the development or progression of many ocular diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). To date, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment has been widely used to manage neovascular diseases associated with retinal ischemia. Nonetheless, a substantial number of patients with DR or AMD still suffer from incomplete response and adverse effects related to its therapy with limitations. Therefore, research scientists have been developing and finding novel treatments to protect against or prevent vision loss in those diseases. In this review article, we summarize the recent novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of ischemic retinopathy (e.g., cell therapy, advanced molecular targeting, or drug delivery). This summary enables further research to obtain more solid evidence of novel effective drug development in retinal ischemic diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Retinal and Optic Nerve Diseases: New Advances and Current Challenges)
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