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Viruses
Special Issues
EBV and Disease: New Perspectives in the Post COVID-19 Era
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EBV and Disease: New Perspectives in the Post COVID-19 Era

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "Human Virology and Viral Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 2372

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xiaoming Lyu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
2. Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
Interests: interaction between EBV and host cells, especially the impact of reactivation of EBV on the development; diagnosis; treatment and prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Dengke Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
Interests: EBV and nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), a ubiquitous human herpesvirus, has long been implicated in a spectrum of diseases ranging from infectious mononucleosis to malignancies such as Burkitt’s lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. While our understanding of EBV’s pathogenesis has advanced significantly, the precise mechanisms underlying its disease-associated complications remain complex and elusive.

The unprecedented global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has ushered in a new era of viral research and epidemiological investigation. As the world grapples with the long-term consequences of this pandemic, emerging evidence suggests a potential interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and EBV, with implications for the occurrence, progression, and clinical manifestations of EBV-related diseases.

This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest research on EBV and its associated pathologies in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. We invite contributions that delve into the following areas:

  • EBV reactivation and immune dysregulation following SARS-CoV-2 infection: Exploration of the mechanisms by which COVID-19 may trigger EBV reactivation and contribute to immune dysregulation, potentially leading to the development or exacerbation of EBV-associated diseases.
  • EBV and long COVID: Investigation of the potential role of EBV in the pathogenesis of long COVID symptoms, including fatigue, cognitive impairment, and other persistent health issues.
  • EBV-associated malignancies and COVID-19: Examination of the impact of COVID-19 on the incidence, progression, and treatment of EBV-driven cancers, such as Burkitt’s lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • EBV and autoimmune diseases: Exploration of the relationship between EBV and autoimmune disorders in the context of COVID-19, including potential mechanisms and therapeutic implications.
  • Novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies: Discussion of the development of innovative approaches for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of EBV-related diseases in the post-COVID-19 era.

By bringing together leading experts in the field, this Special Issue seeks to advance our understanding of the complex interplay between EBV and human health, providing valuable insights for future research, prevention, and clinical management.

Dr. Xiaoming Lyu
Dr. Dengke Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Viruses is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • EBV
  • reactivation and immune dysregulation
  • EBV-associated malignancies
  • autoimmune diseases
  • diagnostic and therapeutic

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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20 pages, 3205 KiB  
Article
Hsa-miR-7974 Suppresses Epstein-Barr Virus Reactivation by Directly Targeting BZLF1 and BRLF1
by Haotian Li, Hui Wang, Jiao Wang, Xuexin Lu, Jieqiong Zhang, Mingming Wang, Dongbo Yu, Ying Li and Shiwen Wang
Viruses 2025, 17(5), 594; https://doi.org/10.3390/v17050594 - 23 Apr 2025
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Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation, a key factor in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated malignancies, is regulated by specific cellular microRNAs (miRNAs). This study investigated the role of Hsa-miR-7974 (miR-7974) in this process. miRNA sequencing revealed significant downregulation of miR-7974 in reactivated EBV-positive cell lines (Raji [...] Read more.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation, a key factor in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated malignancies, is regulated by specific cellular microRNAs (miRNAs). This study investigated the role of Hsa-miR-7974 (miR-7974) in this process. miRNA sequencing revealed significant downregulation of miR-7974 in reactivated EBV-positive cell lines (Raji and C666-1). Bioinformatics prediction and dual-luciferase assays confirmed the direct targeting of the EBV immediate-early gene BRLF1 by miR-7974. Furthermore, miR-7974 mimics suppressed, whereas inhibitors increased, the expression of key EBV lytic genes (BZLF1, BRLF1, and BMRF1) and the viral load, as validated by RT-qPCR. Bioinformatics analyses revealed the involvement of miR-7974 in cellular pathways such as membrane dynamics and signal transduction (MAPK, NF-κB, and IL-10), and its association with Hodgkin’s lymphoma, leukemia, and nasopharyngeal neoplasms. These findings establish that miR-7974 functions as a crucial negative regulator of EBV reactivation by directly targeting BRLF1, highlighting its potential significance in the pathogenesis of EBV-associated malignancies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue EBV and Disease: New Perspectives in the Post COVID-19 Era)
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10 pages, 779 KiB  
Article
Pandemic-Driven Shifts in Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Epidemiology: Single Center Study
by Maria Eugenia Amarillo, Karen Lindl, Mercedes García Lombardi, Maria Victoria Preciado, Elena De Matteo and Paola Chabay
Viruses 2025, 17(3), 375; https://doi.org/10.3390/v17030375 - 6 Mar 2025
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Abstract
Social distancing, hand hygiene, mask wearing, surface decontamination, travel restrictions, and school closures have been implemented worldwide to control coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It was reported that the number of EBV infections as well as the age characteristics of infected persons before and [...] Read more.
Social distancing, hand hygiene, mask wearing, surface decontamination, travel restrictions, and school closures have been implemented worldwide to control coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It was reported that the number of EBV infections as well as the age characteristics of infected persons before and after the COVID-19 pandemic significantly decreased in children from China. Since no studies have explored the changes in EBV-associated lymphomas so far, our aim was to explore EBV infection and viral-associated Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in a pediatric cohort from a single center. A decrease in EBV+ children by serology was proved, in particular, in those undergoing primary infection, along with a significant increase in the mean age of healthy carriers. Furthermore, a decrease in EBV-associated pediatric cHL was observed post-pandemic, particularly in the NS subtype, with a marked decrease in cases diagnosed from 2022 onward. Even though the underlying reasons for the change in incidence rates seen in this study still remain speculative, it could be hypothesized that, after the pandemic, older children have a better ability to control the EBV-mediated lymphomagenesis, based on the fact that the age of infected patients increased. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue EBV and Disease: New Perspectives in the Post COVID-19 Era)
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6 pages, 1083 KiB  
Case Report
Amoxicillin-Induced Atypical Exanthema in a Patient with EBV-Related Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Case Report
by Matteo Carpani, Davide Smussi, Andrea Esposito, Francesca Consoli, Alfredo Berruti and Andrea Alberti
Viruses 2025, 17(3), 368; https://doi.org/10.3390/v17030368 - 4 Mar 2025
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Abstract
Introduction: The concomitant use of antibiotics, especially beta lactams, during acute EBV infection is widely associated with an increased risk of skin manifestations; the actual pathophysiology and prevalence of this phenomenon are still debated. Case report: We present the first reported case of [...] Read more.
Introduction: The concomitant use of antibiotics, especially beta lactams, during acute EBV infection is widely associated with an increased risk of skin manifestations; the actual pathophysiology and prevalence of this phenomenon are still debated. Case report: We present the first reported case of atypical exanthema associated with amoxicillin intake in a patient with EBV-related nasopharyngeal carcinoma. We recorded a pattern in the plasma EBV-DNA load consisting of a significant increase at the onset of the rash with a sudden remission after its resolution. The patient recovered without sequelae. Discussion/Conclusions: The temporal relationship and the reported data on rash morphology, clinical findings and triggering factors support a possible correlation between the intake of beta-lactam antibiotics, particularly amoxicillin, and the onset of cutaneous manifestations in a patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Such reactions can be a challenging differential diagnosis and may warrant increased provider consideration when choosing to prescribe beta lactams in patients affected by nasopharyngeal cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue EBV and Disease: New Perspectives in the Post COVID-19 Era)
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