Zoonotic and Emerging Diseases at Human-Animal Interface

A special issue of Veterinary Sciences (ISSN 2306-7381).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2019) | Viewed by 14161

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Lecturer in Virology, Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK
Interests: zoonoses; host–pathogen interaction; evolution; genetics; disease pathogenesis; control of infections

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last three decades, at least 30 new pathogens found in humans were zoonotic: New diseases are coming from animals and they do not respect regional boundaries. A significant progress is being made in understanding the evolution, epidemiology, host–pathogen interactions, devising next-generation control strategies, assessing socio-economic impacts and mapping global research opportunities.

To prepare for future outbreaks and build on existing knowledge of zoonotic and emerging diseases, this Special Issue calls for leading researchers to contribute their recent findings, especially focusing on, but not limited to:

  • Epidemiology and Evolution
  • Host-pathogen interaction
  • Vaccines and immunity
  • Next generation control strategies
  • Socio-economic impacts
Dr. Muhammad Munir
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Zoonoses
  • host pathogen interaction
  • evolution
  • genetics
  • disease pathogenesis
  • control of infections

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 1917 KiB  
Article
A Serosurvey of Multiple Pathogens in American Black Bears (Ursus americanus) in Pennsylvania, USA Indicates a Lack of Association with Sarcoptic Mange
by Kevin D. Niedringhaus, Justin D. Brown, Mark A. Ternent, Christopher A. Cleveland and Michael J. Yabsley
Vet. Sci. 2019, 6(4), 75; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci6040075 - 20 Sep 2019
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 7168
Abstract
Infectious diseases, particularly of wildlife, are intrinsically linked to human and domestic animal health. Reports of sarcoptic mange in black bears (Ursus americanus) are increasing in multiple states in the USA and while the reason is unknown, mange in other species [...] Read more.
Infectious diseases, particularly of wildlife, are intrinsically linked to human and domestic animal health. Reports of sarcoptic mange in black bears (Ursus americanus) are increasing in multiple states in the USA and while the reason is unknown, mange in other species has been associated with immunosuppression from multiple causes. Serum from bears across Pennsylvania were collected to determine the seroprevalence of five pathogens important for animal and/or human health: Canine distemper virus (CDV), canine parvovirus (CPV), canine adenovirus-1 (CAV), Toxoplasma gondii, and Trichinella sp. from bears with sarcoptic mange as well as bears that were clinically normal. Several of these pathogens, particularly canine distemper virus, are associated with immunosuppression and secondary infections in other hosts. In addition to describing the seroprevalence and relating these findings to data from other regions, statistics were performed to determine if antibodies to any of these pathogens were associated with mange in bears. The overall seroprevalence to these pathogens was as follows: CDV 7.1% (17/240), CPV 16% (15/94), CAV 6.9% (6/87), Toxoplasma gondii 64.9% (194/299), and Trichinella spiralis 3.2% (7/220). While there was no association between mange and antibodies to these pathogens, infection with one or more of these pathogens has implications for bears, other wildlife, domestic animal, and human health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zoonotic and Emerging Diseases at Human-Animal Interface)
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16 pages, 2575 KiB  
Article
Salmonella Surveillance Systems in Swine and Humans in Spain: A Review
by Marta Martínez-Avilés, Macarena Garrido-Estepa, Julio Álvarez and Ana de la Torre
Vet. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci6010020 - 20 Feb 2019
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 6568
Abstract
Non-typhoid salmonellosis is a common and problematic foodborne zoonotic disease in which pork and pork products can be an important potential source of infection. To prevent this disease, important efforts to monitor the situation in the main source, livestock, are conducted in most [...] Read more.
Non-typhoid salmonellosis is a common and problematic foodborne zoonotic disease in which pork and pork products can be an important potential source of infection. To prevent this disease, important efforts to monitor the situation in the main source, livestock, are conducted in most developed countries. In the European Union, European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) and European Center for Disease Control (ECDC) compile information at the member-state level, even though important differences in production systems and surveillance systems exist. Here, Salmonella surveillance systems in one of the main sources of foodborne salmonellosis, swine, and humans in Spain were reviewed to identify potential gaps and discuss potential ways of integration under a “One-Health” approach. Despite the extensive information generated through the surveillance activities, source attribution can be only routinely performed through ad-hoc outbreak investigations, and national reports on human outbreaks do not provide sufficiently detailed information to gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of the pathogen. Human and animal monitoring of Salmonella would benefit from a better exchange of information and collaboration. Analysis of spatio-temporal trends in livestock and humans could help to identify likely sources of infection and to target surveillance efforts in areas with higher prevalence or where specific strains are found. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zoonotic and Emerging Diseases at Human-Animal Interface)
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