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Vaccines
Special Issues
Recent Research on Adenovirus-Vectored Vaccines
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Recent Research on Adenovirus-Vectored Vaccines

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Vaccine Design, Development, and Delivery".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2026 | Viewed by 1598

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Michael A. Barry

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departments of Medicine, Immunology, and Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
Interests: adenovirus-vectored vaccine; gene-based vaccines; gene therapy; oncolytic viruses; virology; immunology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Vijay S. Reddy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
Interests: three-dimensional structural analyses of viral capsids and proteins; structural bioinformatics and homology modeling; customized vaccine design

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As we move forward from the COVID-19 pandemic and focus on both emerging and previously recognized pathogens, we invite you to contribute to a Special Issue on ‘Recent Research on Adenovirus-Vectored Vaccines’. The pandemic has provided valuable insights into the development of vaccines against coronaviruses and other viruses. Replication-deficient viral vaccines have been shown to effectively induce neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune responses, thereby providing adequate immune protection. This Special Issue is an opportunity to address these experiences. We are interested in studies that examine the persistence of immune responses after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, other pathogens, or cancers, especially in comparison to other vaccine platforms. We also welcome comparisons among different types of adenovirus vaccines, including replicating, single-cycle, replication-defective, and helper-dependent variants and different serotypes.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Michael A. Barry
Dr. Vijay S. Reddy
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • adenovirus
  • replication competent
  • single cycle
  • replication defective
  • serotypes
  • targeting
  • structure
  • cryo-EM
  • vaccines

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

26 pages, 5619 KB  
Article
Identification of a Highly Potent Neutralizing Nanobody Against Human Adenovirus Type 4
by Tingting Yu, Wanrong Zhang, Peng Lv, Peijie Zhai, You Yang, Jianrong Wang, Zhengshan Chen, Guanying Zhang and Yunzhu Dong
Vaccines 2025, 13(12), 1192; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines13121192 - 25 Nov 2025
Viewed by 1106
Abstract
Background: Human adenovirus type 4 (HAdV-4), the sole member of species Human mastadenovirus E (HAdV-E), is of zoonotic origin and has established stable human transmission through recombination, conferring distinctive host adaptation and pathogenicity. It causes respiratory and ocular diseases, with a significant risk [...] Read more.
Background: Human adenovirus type 4 (HAdV-4), the sole member of species Human mastadenovirus E (HAdV-E), is of zoonotic origin and has established stable human transmission through recombination, conferring distinctive host adaptation and pathogenicity. It causes respiratory and ocular diseases, with a significant risk of severe pneumonia in children. No targeted antivirals are approved for routine use, leaving supportive care as the primary management. China bears a relatively high HAdV-4 disease burden in Asia. Methods: To generate neutralizing nanobodies (Nbs) against HAdV-4, we employed an alpaca immunization strategy using hexon protein from Ad4-RI67 strain, followed by the isolation of hexon-specific nanobodies. The epitope competition and molecular docking was employed to analysis the binding site of the Nbs’. We engineered VHH-Fc fusions by conjugating VHH domains to human IgG1 Fc. The lead candidate, NVA17, showed efficacy in both in vitro and in vivo (Stat1+/− mouse model). Flow cytometric analysis was employed to assess the downstream immune effects of NVA17 in vivo. Its intracellular neutralization mechanism was further investigated through confocal microscopy by examining co-localization in TRIM21-overexpressing and knockdown cells. Results: The isolated nanobodies revealed epitopes distinct from those targeted by known antibodies. The lead candidate NVA17 demonstrated potent neutralizing activity in vitro (IC50 < 10 ng/mL). In the Stat1+/− mouse model, NVA17 provided complete protection against lethal challenge, significantly reduced viral load in the lungs, and ameliorated pathological damage. NVA17 treatment dose-dependently reversed the virus-induced reduction in immune cell counts and enhanced cytotoxicity, suggesting a systemic immunomodulatory effect. Mechanistic studies indicated that the antiviral activity of NVA17 partly depends on the TRIM21-mediated antibody-dependent intracellular neutralization (ADIN) pathway, whereby TRIM21 terminates the viral life cycle by promoting viral degradation via K48-linked ubiquitination. Conclusions: We have identified multiple antibody candidates, particularly NVA17, with significant therapeutic potential for developing antibody-based treatments against HAdV-4. This offers a targeted intervention strategy to counter the current lack of specific antiviral therapies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Research on Adenovirus-Vectored Vaccines)
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