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Journals
Processes
Special Issues
Synthesis and Applications of Nanomaterials
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Synthesis and Applications of Nanomaterials

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 2758

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Keith J. Stine

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri—Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO 63121, USA
Interests: surface modification; nanomaterials; porous materials; electrochemistry; microscopy; carbohydrates; lipids; biosensors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the past few decades, many fields of science and technology have been revolutionized by the introduction of nanomaterials and new approaches to the creation of nanostructures. These new materials can have entirely unique or improved electronic, chemical, magnetic, catalytic, mechanical, or biological properties, different from bulk forms of the material. Nanomaterials range from nanoparticles of various shapes and compositions to nanostructured films, coatings, and nanoporous bulk materials. Chemical, physical, or biological methods can be used to produce nanomaterials, ranging from precise top–down methods such as nanolithography to bottom–up methods, including self-assembly. Thermal, chemical, and electrochemical processes can all result in the formation of nanomaterials. Additionally, the range of materials covers many types of nanomaterials based on various forms carbon, silicon, metals or alloys, and polymers or on the assembly of organic molecules. These materials are contributing to revolutionary advances in the fields of medicine, energy, chemical and biological sensing, and catalysis, areas among many others.

This Special Issue on the “Synthesis and Applications of Nanomaterials” seeks high-quality papers focusing on recent advances in the preparation of nanomaterials, their characterization, and their technological applications.

The topics include but are not limited to the following:

  • New methods for the preparation of nanoparticles or nano-assemblies;
  • Novel processes for the creation of nanostructured coatings or solids;
  • Technological applications of nanomaterials;
  • New approaches to modeling and explaining the physical or chemical properties of nanomaterials;
  • Characterization of the unique properties of nanomaterials.

Prof. Dr. Keith J. Stine
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanomaterial
  • nanoparticle
  • nanostructure
  • self-assembly
  • nanoporous

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 2856 KiB  
Article
Mechanochemical Loading of Doxorubicin on the Surface of Magnesium and Zinc-Based Layered Double Hydroxides
by Minerva Guadalupe Ventura Muñoz, Jesús Alfredo Lara Cerón, Manuel de Jesús Gallegos Saucedo and Gregorio Guadalupe Carbajal Arizaga
Processes 2025, 13(4), 931; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13040931 - 21 Mar 2025
Viewed by 274
Abstract
In the search for technologies and materials to improve the safety and efficacy of active ingredients used in treating diseases, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been proposed as drug carriers since they can enhance the effects of active ingredients and even reduce toxicity. [...] Read more.
In the search for technologies and materials to improve the safety and efficacy of active ingredients used in treating diseases, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been proposed as drug carriers since they can enhance the effects of active ingredients and even reduce toxicity. Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most widely used and studied antitumor drugs due to its broad spectrum; however, due to its low plasma bioavailability and slow systemic clearance, only a small fraction of the drug reaches and acts on the tumor, so LDHs have been proposed as vehicles to solve these disadvantages. The most used method to load the drug is incubating LDH particles in DOX solutions. In this work, two additional methods, co-precipitation, and mechanochemical reaction, were explored to evaluate the structural stability of the vehicle and the amount of DOX retained by LDHs structured by magnesium/aluminum and zinc/aluminum cations, which are the two most common compositions to design materials for biomedical applications. The zinc/aluminum LDH structure degraded in the loading process, whereas the magnesium/aluminum LDH particles were stable against the three loading processes. The mechanochemical procedure, a green and sustainable technology, loaded the highest content of DOX. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Applications of Nanomaterials)
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23 pages, 6597 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Tribological Performance of Laser-Textured TiN-Coated Ti6Al4V Alloy Surfaces: A Comparative Study with Untextured Surfaces
by Arulkumar Muniyappan, Prem Ananth Muthuvel, Anandhavelu Sanmugam, Mohammad Ahmad Wadaan, Almohannad Baabbad, Nallal Muthuchamy and Kang Hyun Park
Processes 2025, 13(1), 204; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13010204 - 13 Jan 2025
Viewed by 809
Abstract
Titanium alloy is widely used as a biomaterial due to its strength, lightweight nature, and corrosion resistance. Despite its strength and lightweight nature, its low wear resistance limits its uses in prosthetic components. Laser surface texturing (LST) was used to improve the wear [...] Read more.
Titanium alloy is widely used as a biomaterial due to its strength, lightweight nature, and corrosion resistance. Despite its strength and lightweight nature, its low wear resistance limits its uses in prosthetic components. Laser surface texturing (LST) was used to improve the wear resistance of titanium alloys by creating textured surfaces before applying protective coatings. A biocompatible TiN composite protective coating was applied using physical vapour deposition (PVD) with a thickness of 4 µm. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to predict the tribological properties by varying input parameters such as material type (TI, T2, T3, and T4), load in N, and sliding velocity in m/s. A pin-on-disc tribometer was used to conduct a unidirectional sliding wear test based on the RSM design. Tribological properties were studied to determine the impact of laser texturing on the bonding strength of the coating. As a result, material type T4 exhibits an improved coefficient of friction and specific wear resistance under varying sliding velocity and load conditions compared to other material types. The study was further supported by an ANSYS simulation, which revealed stress reduction affecting the coefficient of friction and, consequently, wear. The textured surface topography, wear mechanisms, and coating compositions were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Applications of Nanomaterials)
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Review

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29 pages, 2388 KiB  
Review
Applications of Nanomaterial Coatings in Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME)
by Taiwo Musa Adeniji, Naila Haroon and Keith J. Stine
Processes 2025, 13(1), 244; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13010244 - 16 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1179
Abstract
This review explores the advances in developing adsorbent materials for solid-phase microextraction (SPME), focusing on nanoparticles, nanocomposites, and nanoporous structures. Nanoparticles, including those of metals (e.g., gold, silver), metal oxides (e.g., TiO2, ZnO), and carbon-based materials (e.g., carbon nanotubes, graphene), offer [...] Read more.
This review explores the advances in developing adsorbent materials for solid-phase microextraction (SPME), focusing on nanoparticles, nanocomposites, and nanoporous structures. Nanoparticles, including those of metals (e.g., gold, silver), metal oxides (e.g., TiO2, ZnO), and carbon-based materials (e.g., carbon nanotubes, graphene), offer enhanced surface area, improved extraction efficiency, and increased selectivity compared to traditional coatings. Nanocomposites, such as those combining metal oxides with polymers or carbon-based materials, exhibit synergistic properties, further improving extraction performance. Nanoporous materials, including metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and ordered mesoporous carbons, provide high surface area and tunable pore structures, enabling selective adsorption of analytes. These advanced materials have been successfully applied to various analytes, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides, and heavy metals, demonstrating improved sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility compared to conventional SPME fibers. The incorporation of nanomaterials has significantly expanded the scope and applicability of SPME, enabling the analysis of trace-level analytes in complex matrices. This review highlights the significant potential of nanomaterials in revolutionizing SPME technology, offering new possibilities for sensitive and selective analysis in environmental monitoring, food safety, and other critical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Applications of Nanomaterials)
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