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Processes
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Advanced Technology of Biomass Gasification Processes
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Advanced Technology of Biomass Gasification Processes

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 10042

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Zixu Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
Interests: syngas conversion; CO2 hydrogenation; biomass catalytic upgrading
Dr. Kamil Witaszek

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biosystems Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 50, 60-627 Poznań, Poland
Interests: biogas; anaerobic digestion; methane production; waste management; composting; extrusion; pelletization; pretreatment of biomass for energy purposes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gasification technology has been a competitive technology for converting various carbonaceous feedstocks, including coal, biomass, and organic wastes, into gaseous fuel that can be directly used as a power supply or as feedstocks for chemical synthesis. Integrating a gasification system with power generation systems, such as gas and steam turbines, or production processes of chemical commodities, such as methanol, glycol, olefins, and dimethyl oxalate can provide a cleaner and more sustainable option for energy and chemical supply. State-of-the-art biomass gasification technology is still struggling with challenges such as tar or other trace impurities, which adversely affect the downstream utilization and the cost-effectiveness of the whole process. In addition, several process intensification strategies such as sorption-enhanced gasification technology, multifunctional gasifier (e.g., combining reaction and catalytic upgrading in the gasifier), advanced reactor design (e.g., membrane reactor), excitation under applied physical fields (microwaves, plasmas, and high gravity) have shown promising results towards optimizing the H/C ratio of syngas, reducing the production cost and energy consumption of high-quality syngas.

This Special Issue on “Advanced Biofuel Production from Biomass Gasification” aims to curate novel advances in the development and implementation of process intensification to address the longstanding challenges in improving syngas quality and process efficiency during biomass gasification. Topics include but are not limited to:

  • Process intensification approaches for biomass gasification;
  • The use of novel feedstocks for syngas production using gasification technology (e.g., municipal and industrial wastes; sludge);
  • Intensified reactor design with multifunctionalities for biomass gasification;
  • Application of functional materials (e.g., catalyst, adsorbent, selective permeable membrane) to condition syngas quality;
  • Application of alternative energy sources (solar, electric field, microwave, plasma, high gravity) for biomass gasification;
  • Syngas conversion to chemicals using syngas produced from biomass gasification;
  • The development of techno-economic and life-cycle assessment models to estimate the economic and environmental impact of the proposed process.

Dr. Zixu Yang
Dr. Kamil Witaszek
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • syngas cleaning
  • syngas conversion
  • hydrogen production
  • sorption-enhanced gasification technology
  • process intensification
  • design of gasifier
  • techno-economic and life-cycle assessment

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3309 KiB  
Article
Phase Equilibria Simulation of Biomaterial-Hydrogen Binary Systems Using a Simple Empirical Correlation
by Fardad Faress, Afham Pourahmad, Seyyed Amirreza Abdollahi, Mohammad Hossein Safari, Mozhgan Mozhdeh, Falah Alobaid and Babak Aghel
Processes 2023, 11(3), 714; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11030714 - 28 Feb 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1843
Abstract
This study proposes a simple correlation for approximating hydrogen solubility in biomaterials as a function of pressure and temperature. The pre-exponential term of the proposed model linearly relates to the pressure, whereas the exponential term is merely a function of temperature. The differential [...] Read more.
This study proposes a simple correlation for approximating hydrogen solubility in biomaterials as a function of pressure and temperature. The pre-exponential term of the proposed model linearly relates to the pressure, whereas the exponential term is merely a function of temperature. The differential evolution (DE) optimization algorithm helps adjust three unknown coefficients of the correlation. The proposed model estimates 134 literature data points for the hydrogen solubility in biomaterials with an excellent absolute average relative deviation (AARD) of 3.02% and a coefficient of determination (R) of 0.99815. Comparing analysis justifies that the developed correlation has higher accuracy than the multilayer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN) with the same number of adjustable parameters. Comparing analysis justifies that the Arrhenius-type correlation not only needs lower computational effort, it also has higher accuracy than the PR (Peng-Robinson), PC-SAFT (perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid theory), and SRK (Soave-Redlich-Kwong) equations of state. Modeling results show that hydrogen solubility in the studied biomaterials increases with increasing temperature and pressure. Furthermore, furan and furfuryl alcohol show the maximum and minimum hydrogen absorption capacities, respectively. Such a correlation helps in understanding the biochemical–hydrogen phase equilibria which are necessary to design, optimize, and control biofuel production plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technology of Biomass Gasification Processes)
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17 pages, 3327 KiB  
Article
Catalytic Pyrolysis of Waste Plastics over Industrial Organic Solid-Waste-Derived Activated Carbon: Impacts of Activation Agents
by Kezhen Qian, Wenmin Tian, Wentao Li, Shutong Wu, Dezhen Chen and Yuheng Feng
Processes 2022, 10(12), 2668; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10122668 - 12 Dec 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3866
Abstract
Renewable source-derived carbon is found to be a green alternative catalyst to zeolite for the pyrolysis of plastics. However, only polyethylene (PE) catalytic pyrolysis over biomass-derived carbon has been extensively studied. In this work, carbon was produced from industrial organic solid waste using [...] Read more.
Renewable source-derived carbon is found to be a green alternative catalyst to zeolite for the pyrolysis of plastics. However, only polyethylene (PE) catalytic pyrolysis over biomass-derived carbon has been extensively studied. In this work, carbon was produced from industrial organic solid waste using different activation agents, and their catalytic performance on the thermal degradation of typical polymers, namely PE, polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were investigated. The degradation mechanisms and the roles of different active sites of the carbons are discussed. Steam failed to activate the carbon, which has a low specific surface area (6.7 m2/g). Chemical activation using H3PO4 and ZnCl2 produces carbons with higher specific surface area and more porosity. The pyrolysis characteristics of LDPE, PP, PS, and PET catalyzed by the carbons were studied using TGA and a fixed-bed reactor. The thermogravimetric results indicate that all three carbons reduce the pyrolysis temperature. The analysis of the products shows that the P- and Zn-involved acid sites on the AC-HP and AC-ZN change the reaction pathway of plastics and promote: (1) C-C cracking and aromatization of polyolefins; (2) the protonation of phenyl carbon of PS to yield higher benzene, toluene, and ethylbenzene; and (3) the decarboxylation of the terephthalic acid intermediate of PET, resulting in higher CO2 and benzene. In addition, the high-value chemicals, long-chain alkylbenzenes, were found in the liquids of AC-ZN and AC-HP. The long-chain alkylbenzenes are probably formed by acid-catalyzed alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons. This study provides basic data for the development of a cheap catalyst for plastic pyrolysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technology of Biomass Gasification Processes)
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11 pages, 2850 KiB  
Article
Bio-Hydrogen Production in Packed Bed Continuous Plug Flow Reactor—CFD-Multiphase Modelling
by Artur Wodołażski and Adam Smoliński
Processes 2022, 10(10), 1907; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10101907 - 20 Sep 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3596
Abstract
This research study investigates the modelling and simulation of biomass anaerobic dark fermentation in bio-hydrogen production in a continuous plug flow reactor. A CFD multiphase full transient model in long-term horizons was adopted to model dark fermentation biohydrogen production in continuous mode. Both [...] Read more.
This research study investigates the modelling and simulation of biomass anaerobic dark fermentation in bio-hydrogen production in a continuous plug flow reactor. A CFD multiphase full transient model in long-term horizons was adopted to model dark fermentation biohydrogen production in continuous mode. Both the continuous discharge of biomass, which prevents the accumulation of solid parts, and the recirculation of the liquid phase ensure constant access to the nutrient solution. The effect of the hydraulic retention time (HRT), pH and the feed rate on the bio-hydrogen yield and production rates were examined in the simulation stage. Metabolite proportions (VFA: acetic, propionic, butyric) constitute important parameters influencing the bio-hydrogen production efficiency. The model of substrate inhibition on bio-hydrogen production from glucose by attached cells of the microorganism T. neapolitana applied to the modelling of the kinetics of bio-hydrogen production was used. The modelling and simulation of a continuous plug flow (bio)reactor in biohydrogen production is an important part of the process design, modelling and optimization of the biological H2 production pathway. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technology of Biomass Gasification Processes)
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