Advances in Electrocatalysts for the OER, HER and Biomass Conversion

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 1254

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
Interests: single-atom catalysts; hydrogen energy; water electrolysis; electrochemical in situ characterizations
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Guest Editor
Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
Interests: study on single-atom catalysis and high current density water electrolysis performance; electrooxidation of small molecules such as urea, hydrazine hydrate, glycerol, etc.; development of novel fuel cells

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Guest Editor
School of Engineering, Yunnan University, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
Interests: design and synthesis of new kinds of supercapacitors, electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction and photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction, mainly focused on molybdenum sulfide, in-situ growth o; design and synthesis of ordered mesoporous metal oxides (mainly Al2O3, TiO2, CeO2) for NOx storage reduction catalyst support

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Hydrogen (H2) is considered as an ideal alternative to fossil fuels due to advantages such as high energy density, zero carbon emissions, and renewability. From a future perspective, H2 is expected to alleviate the energy crisis and achieve global carbon neutrality. Importantly, electrocatalytic overall water splitting (OWS), a clean and effective strategy to produce high-purity hydrogen, involves two half-cell reactions: cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). OER kinetics are intrinsically sluggish and require relatively high potential to overcome the reaction energy barrier, resulting in excessive energy consumption. Therefore, developing cost-effective and efficient OER catalysts and replacing the OER with the HER-coupled biomass conversion are proposed to lower the energy consumption.

This Special Issue on “Advances in Electrocatalysts for the OER, HER and Biomass Conversion” aims to explore the latest advances in overall and hybrid water splitting, particularly in the context of the synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of electrocatalysts, the theoretical analysis of reaction mechanisms, and their potential in industrial applications. We hope this Special Issue will provide helpful guidance in electrocatalyst design and inspire new ideas for developing more efficient and sustainable catalytic systems for scale-up production.

I hope you consider participating in this Special Issue.

Dr. Mingpeng Chen
Dr. Huachuan Sun
Dr. Yuxiao Zhang
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • hydrogen evolution reaction
  • oxygen evolution reaction
  • biomass conversion
  • selective electrooxidation
  • electrocatalyst design

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 1802 KiB  
Article
Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Alkaline Water Electrolysis Derived from Metal-Containing Ionic Liquids
by Jelena Georgijević, Nikola Zdolšek, Milica Vasić, Jadranka Milikić, Milan Vraneš, Dragana Jugović, Diogo M. F. Santos and Biljana Šljukić
Processes 2025, 13(3), 623; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13030623 - 22 Feb 2025
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Abstract
Carbon-based electrocatalysts decorated with Pt and Ni nanoparticles were introduced herein to increase the efficiency of the water splitting process and thus reduce the price of the produced green hydrogen. The materials were prepared by innovative direct carbonization of ionic liquids containing the [...] Read more.
Carbon-based electrocatalysts decorated with Pt and Ni nanoparticles were introduced herein to increase the efficiency of the water splitting process and thus reduce the price of the produced green hydrogen. The materials were prepared by innovative direct carbonization of ionic liquids containing the corresponding metal, thereby eliminating the need for additional solutions and templates. The structural integrity of the materials was validated through X-ray diffraction analysis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The electrochemical performance of these materials in catalyzing hydrogen (HER) and oxygen (OER) evolution reactions was evaluated using voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, uncovering distinct behaviors and highlighting the role of ionic liquid in tailoring materials’ properties and performance. Specifically, the presence of Ni was observed to enhance the catalytic performance towards the HERs due to the interaction of Ni nanoparticles and a higher amount of sp2-hybridized carbon present. In contrast, incorporating Pt into the carbon matrix was found to augment the catalytic activity for OERs with a Tafel slope of 129 mV dec−1 and a current density of 10 mA cm−2 reached at a potential of 1.67 V. Moreover, chronoamperometric measurements evidenced materials’ steady performance under both HER and OER conditions. These findings of good activity and stability showed that the introduced approach of synthesis of carbon electrocatalysts decorated with heteroatoms by direct carbonization of ionic liquids holds great promise for the synthesis of efficient and affordable electrocatalysts for green hydrogen production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electrocatalysts for the OER, HER and Biomass Conversion)
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Review

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36 pages, 2409 KiB  
Review
Comparative Analysis of Electrochemical and Thermochemical Hydrogenation of Biomass-Derived Phenolics for Sustainable Biofuel and Chemical Production
by Halil Durak
Processes 2025, 13(5), 1581; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13051581 - 19 May 2025
Abstract
The electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) of biomass-derived phenolic compounds is a promising approach to the production of value-added chemicals and biofuels in a sustainable way under moderate reaction conditions. This study provides a comprehensive comparison of electrochemical and thermochemical hydrogenation processes, highlighting their relative [...] Read more.
The electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) of biomass-derived phenolic compounds is a promising approach to the production of value-added chemicals and biofuels in a sustainable way under moderate reaction conditions. This study provides a comprehensive comparison of electrochemical and thermochemical hydrogenation processes, highlighting their relative advantages in terms of energy efficiency, product selectivity, and environmental impact. Several electrocatalysts (Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru), membranes (Nafion, Fumasep, GO-based PEMs), and reactor configurations are tested for the selective conversion of model compounds such as phenol, guaiacol, furfural, and levulinic acid. The contributions made by the electrode material, electrolyte composition, membrane nature, and reaction conditions are critically evaluated in relation to Faradaic efficiency, conversion rates, and product selectivity. The enhancement in the performance achieved by a new catalyst architecture is emphasized, such as MOF-based systems and bimetallic/trimetallic catalysts. In addition, a demonstration of graphite-based membranes and membrane-separated slurry reactors (SSERs) is provided, for enhanced ion transport and reaction control. The results illustrate the potential of using ECH as a low-carbon, scalable, and tunable method for the upgrading of biomass. This study offers valuable insights and guidelines for the rational design of next-generation electrocatalytic systems toward green chemical synthesis and emphasizes promising perspectives for the strategic development of electrochemical technologies in the pathway of a sustainable energy economy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electrocatalysts for the OER, HER and Biomass Conversion)
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