Understanding Antimicrobial Agents: Exploring Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Drug Interactions in the Context of One Health

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Pharmaceutical Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 1172

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Laboratorio de Estudios Farmacológicos y Toxicológicos (LEFyT), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900, Argentina
Interests: antimicrobial agents; pharmacokinetics; pharmacodynamics; PK/PD integration; residues; veterinary pharmacology
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Guest Editor
Unidad de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Departamento Hospital y Clínicas Veterinarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
Interests: pharmacometric; antiparasitic drug; PKPD models

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The use of antimicrobial agents in human, animal, and environmental health represents a cornerstone in the fight against infectious diseases. However, their therapeutic efficacy relies on a deep understanding of pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and drug interactions. This Special Issue will bring together innovative studies addressing these critical aspects within the One Health framework, considering the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health.

We will explore PK/PD models to optimize antimicrobial therapies, emerging resistance, the impact of drug–drug interactions, strategies to improve the rational use of antimicrobials, and phytotherapy as a source of bioactive compounds as an antimicrobial alternative, including its influence on microbiota modulation and its integration into combined therapeutic approaches.

This Special Issue will serve as a platform for researchers, clinicians, and regulators, promoting a comprehensive approach to designing more effective and sustainable therapeutic strategies. We invite the scientific community to contribute original research articles, reviews, and perspectives on these topics, fostering innovation in treating infections within the One Health paradigm.

Prof. Dr. Nora Mestorino
Prof. Dr. Gonzalo Suárez
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • antimicrobial agents
  • pharmacokinetics (PK)
  • pharmacodynamics (PD)
  • PK/PD modeling
  • phytotherapy
  • natural antimicrobial compounds
  • drug interactions
  • microbiota modulation
  • antimicrobial resistance (AMR)
  • One Health

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 1444 KB  
Article
Antimicrobial Activity of Origanum vulgare L. And Salvia rosmarinus Spenn (syn Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Essential Oil Combinations Against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium Isolated from Poultry
by Federico Toso, Daniel Buldain, Daiana Retta, Paola Di Leo Lira, María Laura Marchetti and Nora Mestorino
Processes 2025, 13(9), 2856; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13092856 - 5 Sep 2025
Viewed by 579
Abstract
The ban on antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in poultry farming has prompted the search for effective, natural alternatives. Essential oils (EOs), such as those from oregano (Origanum vulgare: OVEO) and rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus: ROEO), possess antimicrobial and antioxidant properties that [...] Read more.
The ban on antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in poultry farming has prompted the search for effective, natural alternatives. Essential oils (EOs), such as those from oregano (Origanum vulgare: OVEO) and rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus: ROEO), possess antimicrobial and antioxidant properties that may contribute to intestinal health and pathogen control. This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of OVEO and ROEO, individually and combined, against six Escherichia coli and six Salmonella typhimurium strains isolated from healthy poultry via cloacal swabs, as well as E. coli ATCC 25922 and S. typhimurium ATCC 14028 strains. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined at five pH levels (7.4–5) simulating avian gastrointestinal tract conditions. EO composition was determined by GC-FID-MS. Checkerboard assays revealed partial or full synergistic effects at most pH, especially under acidic environments (pH ≤ 5.5), where the fractional inhibitory concentration (ΣFIC) values often indicated synergy. No antagonistic interactions were observed. These results suggest that OVEO and ROEO combinations are promising candidates to replace AGPs in poultry, particularly because of their enhanced efficacy under gastrointestinal pH. The strategic use of EO blends may reduce pathogen load, support performance, and limit antimicrobial resistance development, suggesting their potential as natural alternatives to AGPs under One Health principles. Full article
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