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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wheat is the largest cultivated crop in the world, with more than 80% of worldwide production used for human consumption, comprising 19% of everyday calories and 21% of protein requirements for humans. In order to meet the increasing requirements of a growing population and tackle the challenges of global climate change, there is a greater need for further genetic improvement to secure the future food supply. The most efficient way is to exploit beneficial genes or alleles from gene pools of wheat and its relatives for wheat breeding to increase grain yield and plant tolerance to the fluctuating climate. Therefore, genetic and genomic resources will be important for improving the crop in the 21st century.

This Special Issue focuses on wheat improvement in plant architecture, grain yield, development stage, and stress resistance. Studies on the latest resources in wheat genetics and genomics (or other omics) for trait mapping, gene cloning and allele mining of these agronomical important traits are therefore essential.

We welcome novel research and reviews covering all the related topics.

Dr. Lifeng Gao
Prof. Jizeng Jia
Guest Editors

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Keywords

wheat
genetics
genomics
improvement

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review

14 pages, 11861 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Precise Identification of Chromosome Constitution and Rearrangements in Wheat–Thinopyrum intermedium Derivatives by ND-FISH and Oligo-FISH Painting

by Zhihui Yu, Hongjin Wang, Ennian Yang, Guangrong Li and Zujun Yang

Plants 2022, 11(16), 2109; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11162109 - 13 Aug 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1411

Abstract

Thinopyrum intermedium possesses many desirable agronomic traits that make it a valuable genetic source for wheat improvement. The precise identification of individual chromosomes of allohexaploid Th. intermedium is a challenge due to its three sub-genomic constitutions with complex evolutionary ancestries. The non-denaturing fluorescent in situ hybridization (ND-FISH) using tandem-repeat oligos, including Oligo-B11 and Oligo-pDb12H, effectively distinguished the St, J and J^S genomes, while Oligo-FISH painting, based on seven oligonucleotide pools derived from collinear regions between barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), was able to identify each linkage group of the Th. intermedium chromosomes. We subsequently established the first karyotype of Th. intermedium with individual chromosome recognition using sequential ND-FISH and Oligo-FISH painting. The chromosome constitutions of 14 wheat–Th. intermedium partial amphiploids and addition lines were characterized. Distinct intergenomic chromosome rearrangements were revealed among Th. intermedium chromosomes in these amphiploids and addition lines. The precisely defined karyotypes of these wheat–Th. intermedium derived lines may be helpful for further study on chromosome evolution, chromatin introgression and wheat breeding programs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic and Genomic Resources for Wheat Improvement)

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Review

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19 pages, 740 KiB

Open AccessReview

Advances in the Mining of Disease Resistance Genes from Aegilops tauschii and the Utilization in Wheat

by Hongyun Kou, Zhenbo Zhang, Yu Yang, Changfeng Wei, Lili Xu and Guangqiang Zhang

Plants 2023, 12(4), 880; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12040880 - 15 Feb 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1835

Abstract

Aegilops tauschii is one of the malignant weeds that affect wheat production and is also the wild species ancestor of the D genome of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum, AABBDD). It contains many disease resistance genes that have been lost in the long-term evolution of wheat and is an important genetic resource for the mining and utilization of wheat disease resistance genes. In recent years, the genome sequence of Aegilops tauschii has been preliminarily completed, which has laid a good foundation for the further exploration of wheat disease resistance genes in Aegilops tauschii. There are many studies on disease resistance genes in Aegilops tauschii; in order to provide better help for the disease resistance breeding of wheat, this paper analyzes and reviews the relationship between Aegilops tauschii and wheat, the research progress of Aegilops tauschii, the discovery of disease resistance genes from Aegilops tauschii, and the application of disease resistance genes from Aegilops tauschii to modern wheat breeding, providing a reference for the further exploration and utilization of Aegilops tauschii in wheat disease resistance breeding. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic and Genomic Resources for Wheat Improvement)

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