Pathophysiological Aspects of Cardio-Kidney–Metabolic Syndrome—an Update on Current Concepts

Dear Colleagues,

Recent scientific reports from the evidence-based literature have strongly supported that there may be important portals of communications that mediate inter-organ cross talk in the human body. In particular, the cross talk between the heart and kidney in health and disease has been well appreciated in the clinical and scientific community for at least a decade.  Current global estimates are that there are more than 500 million people in the world that have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and more than 700 million have chronic kidney disease (CKD) and  over 64 million have heart failure (HF) (Marassi et al., CV Diabetology,  2023). There is a significant overlap amongst these conditions and there is evidence that amongst these various disorders, cause and effect bi- or multi-directional relationships may exist. Epidemiological data indicates that cardiovascular disease (CVD) and HF are 2–4 times more common in T2DM, and that over 40% of T2DM develop CKD and over half of  the HF patients have T2DM. In addition, over 60% of CKD have CVD (most common cause of death in CKD subjects). In view of physiologic and pathophysiologic connections and hence therapeutic overlap, American Heart Association in 2023 suggested a unifying descriptive concept “the Cardio-Kidney–Metabolic (CKM) syndrome” which is now being widely accepted.

The scope of the current Special Issue is to assemble and present the current knowledge and scientific data related to the pathophysiology of various components of CKM syndrome in the form of original investigations, review articles, systematic reviews, meta-analysis of various clinical studies and preclinical data. The purpose of this project is to compile the current and updated information about the physiology and pathophysiology aspects of CKM syndrome into a valuable compilation of state-of-the-art manuscripts and a comprehensive clinical resource.

Reference

1. Marassi, M. and Fadini, G.P. (2023) The Cardio-Renal-Metabolic Connection: A Review of the Evidence. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 22, Article No. 195. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-023-01937-x

Prof. Dr. Sharma Prabhakar
Guest Editor

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