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Nanomaterials
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Nanomaterials in Water Applications
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Nanomaterials in Water Applications

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Nanoscience and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 27349

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Lei Huang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
Interests: density functional calculation; fluoride; artificial intelligence data-driven models; optimization of chemical functional materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Hongguo Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
Interests: wastewater; microbial fuel cells; metal organic frameworks; heavy metal; oxygen reduction reaction; stibium
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Junye Cheng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials Science, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518172, China
Interests: wastewater; nanomaterials; metal organic frameworks; energy storage; lithium ion battery
Dr. Zhenxing Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China, Guangzhou 510655, China
Interests: artificial intelligence; environmental systems modelling; contaminant transport and removal modelling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanomaterials have attracted great interest as excellent nanomaterials and composites in water application fields such as adsorption, advanced oxidation processes, hydrogen production, catalysis, membrane separation, electro-adsorption, etc. In the past several years, all kinds of nanomaterials and their composite materials have been made with various water applications. What is more, large-scale production and measurement have also been applied in many industries. Over time, the actual efficiency and stability of nanomaterial materials have been improved to deal with different water applications by changing the crystal structures, shapes, pore sizes, etc. Moreover, the dominant reactive active sites and reaction mechanisms for water applications are urgent problems to be solved. This Special Issue plans to give an overview of the latest studies in the field of nanomaterials and their applications in water. This Special Issue is aimed at providing selected contributions on different applications, reaction mechanisms, and modified strategies in water by using nanomaterials.

Potential topics include but are not limited to:

  • Synthetic strategy in water;
  • Adsorption in water;
  • Membrane technology;
  • Advanced oxidation processes;
  • Electrosorption and electrocoagulation;
  • Hydrogen production;
  • Dealing with water pollution;
  • Catalysts in water;
  • Nanomaterials, nanocomposites, and metal organic frameworks.

Dr. Lei Huang
Prof. Dr. Hongguo Zhang
Dr. Junye Cheng
Dr. Zhenxing Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanomaterials
  • metal organic frameworks
  • adsorption
  • oxygen reduction reaction
  • advanced oxidation processes
  • electric adsorption
  • hydrogen production
  • membrane
  • wastewater
  • catalysis

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Published Papers (12 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

4 pages, 210 KiB  
Editorial
Nanomaterials in Water Applications: Adsorbing Materials for Fluoride Removal
by Lei Huang, Kuilin Wan, Jia Yan, Lei Wang, Qian Li, Huabin Chen, Hongguo Zhang and Tangfu Xiao
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(7), 1866; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11071866 - 20 Jul 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2527
Abstract
Fluoride is an important pollutant in many countries, such as China, India, Australia, the United States, Ethiopia, etc [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials in Water Applications)

Research

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18 pages, 7272 KiB  
Article
Comprehensive Utilization of Formation Water Scale to Prepare Controllable Size CaCO3 Nanoparticles: A New Method to Improve Oil Recovery
by Bo Huang, Shengzhen Hou, Zhao Hua, Jian Zhang, Huan Yang, Yuejun Zhu, Yumiao Tang and Benru Wang
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(17), 1452; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14171452 - 6 Sep 2024
Viewed by 384
Abstract
Formation water scale blocks pipelines and results in oil/gas production decreasing and energy consumption increasing. Many methods have been developed to inhibit scale formation. However, these previous methods are limited by their complications and low efficiency. A new method is proposed in this [...] Read more.
Formation water scale blocks pipelines and results in oil/gas production decreasing and energy consumption increasing. Many methods have been developed to inhibit scale formation. However, these previous methods are limited by their complications and low efficiency. A new method is proposed in this paper that uses the scale in formation water as a nanomaterial to improve oil recovery via controlling particle size. A series of ligands were synthesized and characterized. Micrometer-CaCO3 was formed and accumulated to form scale of a large size under uncontrolled conditions. The tetradentate ligands (L4) exhibited an excellent capturing yield of Ca2+ (87%). The particle size was very small, but they accumulated to form large particles (approximately 1300 nm) in the presence of Na2CO3. The size of the CaCO3 could be further controlled by poly(aspartic acid) to form sizes of about 700 nm. The flooding test showed that this material effectively improved oil recovery from 55.2% without nano CaCO3 to 61.5% with nano CaCO3. This paves a new pathway for the utilization of Ca2+ in formation water. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials in Water Applications)
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15 pages, 3885 KiB  
Article
Green Synthesis of Cobalt-Doped CeFe2O5 Nanocomposites Using Waste Gossypium arboreum L. Stalks and Their Application in the Removal of Toxic Water Pollutants
by Saloni Koul, Mamata Singhvi and Beom Soo Kim
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(16), 1339; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14161339 - 12 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1019
Abstract
Currently, there is an increasing need to find new ways to purify water by eliminating bacterial biofilms, textile dyes, and toxic water pollutants. These contaminants pose significant risks to both human health and the environment. To address this issue, in this study, we [...] Read more.
Currently, there is an increasing need to find new ways to purify water by eliminating bacterial biofilms, textile dyes, and toxic water pollutants. These contaminants pose significant risks to both human health and the environment. To address this issue, in this study, we have developed an eco-friendly approach that involves synthesizing a cobalt-doped cerium iron oxide (CCIO) nanocomposite (NC) using an aqueous extract of Gossypium arboreum L. stalks. The resulting nanoparticles can be used to effectively purify water and tackle the challenges associated with these harmful pollutants. Nanoparticles excel in water pollutant removal by providing a high surface area for efficient adsorption, versatile design for the simultaneous removal of multiple contaminants, catalytic properties for organic pollutant degradation, and magnetic features for easy separation, offering cost-effective and sustainable water treatment solutions. A CCIO nanocomposite was synthesized via a green co-precipitation method utilizing biomolecules and co-enzymes extracted from the aqueous solution of Gossypium arboreum L. stalk. This single-step synthesis process was accomplished within a 5-h reaction period. Furthermore, the synthesis of nanocomposites was confirmed by various characterization techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) technology. CCIO NCs were discovered to have a spherical shape and an average size of 40 nm. Based on DLS zeta potential analysis, CCIO NCs were found to be anionic. CCIO NCs also showed significant antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Overall, considering their physical and chemical properties, the application of CCIO NCs for the adsorption of various dyes (~91%) and water pollutants (chromium = ~60%) has been considered here since they exhibit great adsorption capacity owing to their microporous structure, and represent a step forward in water purification. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials in Water Applications)
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16 pages, 2884 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Adsorptivity of Hexavalent Chromium in Aqueous Solutions Using CTS@nZVI Modified Wheat Straw-Derived Porous Carbon
by Tiantian Deng, Hansheng Li, Su Ding, Feng Chen, Jingbao Fu and Junwei Zhao
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(11), 973; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14110973 - 3 Jun 2024
Viewed by 701
Abstract
Using KOH-modified wheat straw as the precursor, wheat straw biochar was produced through carbonization at 500 °C. Subsequently, a synthetic material containing nano-zero-valent iron (nZVI) was prepared via liquid phase reduction (nZVI-WSPC). To enhance its properties, chitosan (CTS) was used by crosslinking to [...] Read more.
Using KOH-modified wheat straw as the precursor, wheat straw biochar was produced through carbonization at 500 °C. Subsequently, a synthetic material containing nano-zero-valent iron (nZVI) was prepared via liquid phase reduction (nZVI-WSPC). To enhance its properties, chitosan (CTS) was used by crosslinking to form the new adsorbent named CTS@nZVI-WSPC. The impact of CTS on parameters such as mass ratio, initial pH value, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption efficiency of Cr(VI) in solution was investigated through one-factor experiments. Isotherm adsorption and thermodynamic analysis demonstrated that the adsorption of Cr(VI) by CTS@nZVI-WSPC conforms to the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 147.93 mg/g, and the adsorption process is endothermic. Kinetic analysis revealed that the adsorption process follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption mechanism, as elucidated by SEM, FTIR, XPS, and XRD, suggests that the process may involve multiple mechanisms, including pore adsorption, electrostatic adsorption, chemical reduction, and surface chelation. The adsorption capacity of Cr(VI) by CTS@nZVI-WSPC remains high after five cycles. The adsorbent is simple to operate, economical, efficient, and reusable, making it a promising candidate for the treatment of Cr(VI) in water. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials in Water Applications)
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15 pages, 10847 KiB  
Article
Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants—Nile Blue, Methylene Blue, and Bentazon Herbicide—Using NiO-ZnO Nanocomposite
by Sadaf Yasmeen, Luca Burratti, Leonardo Duranti, Emanuela Sgreccia and Paolo Prosposito
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(5), 470; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14050470 - 5 Mar 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1994
Abstract
Water pollution poses a significant threat to both human health and ecosystem integrity. Chemical pollutants such as dyes and pesticides affect the water quality and endanger aquatic life. Among the methods for water purification from organic pollutants, photodegradation is certainly a valid technique [...] Read more.
Water pollution poses a significant threat to both human health and ecosystem integrity. Chemical pollutants such as dyes and pesticides affect the water quality and endanger aquatic life. Among the methods for water purification from organic pollutants, photodegradation is certainly a valid technique to decrease such contaminants. In this work, pristine NiO, ZnO, and NiO-ZnO photocatalysts were synthesized by the homogeneous co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction confirms the formation of a photocatalyst consisting of ZnO (Hexagonal) and NiO (Cubic) structures. The crystalline size was calculated by the Scherrer formula, which is 19 nm for the NiO-ZnO photocatalyst. The band gap measurements of the prepared samples were obtained using the Tauc Plot, equation which is 2.93 eV, 3.35 eV and 2.63 eV for NiO, ZnO, and NiO-ZnO photocatalysts, respectively. The photocatalytic performance of NiO-ZnO nanocomposite was evaluated through the degradation of Methylene Blue and Nile Blue dyes under sunlight, and Bentazon herbicide under a UV light. Photocatalyst degradation efficiency was 95% and 97% for Methylene Blue and Nile Blue in 220 min under sunlight while a degradation of 70% for Bentazon after 100 min under UV light source was found. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials in Water Applications)
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8 pages, 1986 KiB  
Communication
Natural Halloysite-Templated Synthesis of Highly Graphitic Boron-Doped Hollow Carbon Nanocapsule Webs
by Feng Chen, Lulu Ma, Bing Li, Peiwen Jiang, Zhimin Song and Lei Huang
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(14), 2352; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12142352 - 9 Jul 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1303
Abstract
Hollow carbon nanocapsules have been attracting growing interest due to their fascinating characteristics and extensive potential applications. In this work, a novel natural halloysite-templated synthesis approach for highly graphitic boron-doped hollow carbon nanocapsule webs (B-HCNCWs) using glucose as the carbon source and boric [...] Read more.
Hollow carbon nanocapsules have been attracting growing interest due to their fascinating characteristics and extensive potential applications. In this work, a novel natural halloysite-templated synthesis approach for highly graphitic boron-doped hollow carbon nanocapsule webs (B-HCNCWs) using glucose as the carbon source and boric acid as the heteroatom dopant was first reported. The formation process and physicochemical properties of B-HCNCWs were revealed by SEM, TEM, XRD, Raman, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and XPS characterization techniques. The outcomes showed that the as-obtained B-HCNCWs with hollow nanocapsule network architecture had a specific surface area of 263 m2 g−1, a pore volume of 0.8 cm3 g−1, a high degree of graphitization (81.4%), graphite-like interplanar spacing (0.3370 nm), and B-containing functional groups (0.77 at%). The density function theory (DFT) calculation demonstrated that the adsorption energies of Li on B-HCNCWs were much higher than that of HCNCWs, which proved that B-doping in a carbon matrix could increase the lithium intercalation capacity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials in Water Applications)
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9 pages, 2515 KiB  
Communication
Metal–Organic-Framework-Derived Ball-Flower-like Porous Co3O4/Fe2O3 Heterostructure with Enhanced Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Activity
by Qi Cao, Qingqing Li, Zhichao Pi, Jing Zhang, Li-Wei Sun, Junzhou Xu, Yunyi Cao, Junye Cheng and Ye Bian
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(6), 904; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12060904 - 9 Mar 2022
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 2894
Abstract
A porous ball-flower-like Co3O4/Fe2O3 heterostructural photocatalyst was synthesized via a facile metal–organic-framework-templated method, and showed an excellent degradation performance in the model molecule rhodamine B under visible light irradiation. This enhanced photocatalytic activity can be attributed [...] Read more.
A porous ball-flower-like Co3O4/Fe2O3 heterostructural photocatalyst was synthesized via a facile metal–organic-framework-templated method, and showed an excellent degradation performance in the model molecule rhodamine B under visible light irradiation. This enhanced photocatalytic activity can be attributed to abundant photo-generated holes and hydroxyl radicals, and the combined effects involving a porous structure, strong visible-light absorption, and improved interfacial charge separation. It is notable that the ecotoxicity of the treated reaction solution was also evaluated, confirming that an as-synthesized Co3O4/Fe2O3 catalyst could afford the sunlight-driven long-term recyclable degradation of dye-contaminated wastewater into non-toxic and colorless wastewater. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials in Water Applications)
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11 pages, 2386 KiB  
Article
Facile Preparation of Oxygen-Vacancy-Engineered MoOx Nanostructures for Photoreversible Switching Systems
by Hao Xu, Liangjing Zhang, Aiwu Wang, Juan Hou and Xuhong Guo
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(12), 3192; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11123192 - 25 Nov 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1890
Abstract
Photochromic materials have attracted increasing attention. Here, we report a novel photo-reversible color switching system based on oxygen-vacancy-engineered MoOx nanostructures with water/N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as solvents. In this work, the system rapidly changed from colorless to blue under UV irradiation (360–400 nm) and [...] Read more.
Photochromic materials have attracted increasing attention. Here, we report a novel photo-reversible color switching system based on oxygen-vacancy-engineered MoOx nanostructures with water/N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as solvents. In this work, the system rapidly changed from colorless to blue under UV irradiation (360–400 nm) and slowly recovered its colorless state under visible light irradiation. The obtained oxygen vacancy-engineered MoOx nanostructures exhibited good repeatability, chemical stability, and cycling stability. Upon UV light irradiation, H+ was intercalated into layered MoOx nanostructures and the Mo6+ concentration in the HxMoOx decreased, while the Mo5+ concentration increased and increased oxygen vacancies changed the color to blue. Then, it recovered its original color slowly without UV light irradiation. What is more, the system was highly sensitive to UV light even on cloudy days. Compared with other reported photochromic materials, the system in this study has the advantage of facile preparation and provides new insights for the development of photochromic materials without dyes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials in Water Applications)
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13 pages, 4063 KiB  
Article
Studies on Kinetics, Isotherms, Thermodynamics and Adsorption Mechanism of Methylene Blue by N and S Co-Doped Porous Carbon Spheres
by Yongpeng Ren, Feng Chen, Kunming Pan, Yang Zhao, Lulu Ma and Shizhong Wei
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(7), 1819; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11071819 - 13 Jul 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2293
Abstract
Heteroatom-doped carbon is widely used in the fields of adsorbents, electrode materials and catalysts due to its excellent physicochemical properties. N and S co-doped porous carbon spheres (N,S-PCSs) were synthesized using glucose and L-cysteine as carbon and heteroatom sources using a combined hydrothermal [...] Read more.
Heteroatom-doped carbon is widely used in the fields of adsorbents, electrode materials and catalysts due to its excellent physicochemical properties. N and S co-doped porous carbon spheres (N,S-PCSs) were synthesized using glucose and L-cysteine as carbon and heteroatom sources using a combined hydrothermal and KOH activation process. The physicochemical structures and single-factor methylene blue (MB) adsorption properties of the N,S-PCSs were then studied. The optimized N,S-PCSs-1 possessed a perfect spherical morphology with a 2–8-μm diameter and a large specific area of 1769.41 m2 g−1, in which the N and S contents were 2.97 at% and 0.88 at%, respectively. In the single-factor adsorption experiment for MB, the MB adsorption rate increased with an increase in carbon dosage and MB initial concentration, and the adsorption reached equilibrium within 2–3 h. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model could excellently fit the experimental data with a high R2 (0.9999). The Langmuir isothermal adsorption equation fitted well with the experimental results with an R2 value of 0.9618, and the MB maximum adsorption quantity was 909.10 mg g−1. The adsorption of MB by N,S-PCSs-1 was a spontaneous, endothermic, and random process based on the thermodynamics analyses. The adsorption mechanism mainly involved Van der Waals force adsorption, π-π stacking, hydrogen bonds and Lewis acid–base interactions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials in Water Applications)
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Review

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29 pages, 5644 KiB  
Review
Research Progress on the Preparation of Manganese Dioxide Nanomaterials and Their Electrochemical Applications
by Chunsheng Xie, Zesheng Xu, Yujian Zheng, Shuo Wang, Min Dai and Chun Xiao
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(15), 1283; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14151283 - 30 Jul 2024
Viewed by 942
Abstract
Manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanomaterials have shown excellent performance in catalytic degradation and other fields because of their low density and great specific surface area, as well as their tunable chemical characteristics. However, the methods used to synthesize MnO2 nanomaterials greatly [...] Read more.
Manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanomaterials have shown excellent performance in catalytic degradation and other fields because of their low density and great specific surface area, as well as their tunable chemical characteristics. However, the methods used to synthesize MnO2 nanomaterials greatly affect their structures and properties. Therefore, the present work systematically illustrates common synthetic routes and their advantages and disadvantages, as well as examining research progress relating to electrochemical applications. In contrast to previous reviews, this review summarizes approaches for preparing MnO2 nanoparticles and describes their respective merits, demerits, and limitations. The aim is to help readers better select appropriate preparation methods for MnO2 nanomaterials and translate research results into practical applications. Finally, we also point out that despite the significant progress that has been made in the development of MnO2 nanomaterials for electrochemical applications, the related research remains in the early stages, and the focus of future research should be placed on the development of green synthesis methods, as well as the composition and modification of MnO2 nanoparticles with other materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials in Water Applications)
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25 pages, 2182 KiB  
Review
Chitosan Nanoparticles as Potential Nano-Sorbent for Removal of Toxic Environmental Pollutants
by Asmaa Benettayeb, Fatima Zohra Seihoub, Preeti Pal, Soumya Ghosh, Muhammad Usman, Chin Hua Chia, Muhammad Usman and Mika Sillanpää
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(3), 447; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13030447 - 21 Jan 2023
Cited by 57 | Viewed by 4159
Abstract
Adsorption is the most widely used technique for advanced wastewater treatment. The preparation and application of natural renewable and environmentally friendly materials makes this process easier and more profitable. Chitosan is often used as an effective biomaterial in the adsorption world because of [...] Read more.
Adsorption is the most widely used technique for advanced wastewater treatment. The preparation and application of natural renewable and environmentally friendly materials makes this process easier and more profitable. Chitosan is often used as an effective biomaterial in the adsorption world because of its numerous functional applications. Chitosan is one of the most suitable and functionally flexible adsorbents because it contains hydroxyl (-OH) and amine (-NH2) groups. The adsorption capacity and selectivity of chitosan can be further improved by introducing additional functions into its basic structure. Owing to its unique surface properties and adsorption ability of chitosan, the development and application of chitosan nanomaterials has gained significant attention. Here, recent research on chitosan nanoparticles is critically reviewed by comparing various methods for their synthesis with particular emphasis on the role of experimental conditions, limitations, and applications in water and wastewater treatment. The recovery of pollutants using magnetic nanoparticles is an important treatment process that has contributed to additional development and sustainable growth. The application of such nanoparticles in the recovery metals, which demonstrates a “close loop technology” in the current scenarios, is also presented in this review. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials in Water Applications)
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22 pages, 3646 KiB  
Review
Adsorption of Different Pollutants by Using Microplastic with Different Influencing Factors and Mechanisms in Wastewater: A Review
by Meng Zhao, Lei Huang, Samuel Raj Babu Arulmani, Jia Yan, Lirong Wu, Tao Wu, Hongguo Zhang and Tangfu Xiao
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(13), 2256; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12132256 - 30 Jun 2022
Cited by 34 | Viewed by 5289
Abstract
The studies on microplastics are significant in the world. According to the literature, microplastics have greatly specific surface areas, indicating high adsorption capacities for highly toxic pollutants in aquatic and soil environments, and these could be used as adsorbents. The influencing factors of [...] Read more.
The studies on microplastics are significant in the world. According to the literature, microplastics have greatly specific surface areas, indicating high adsorption capacities for highly toxic pollutants in aquatic and soil environments, and these could be used as adsorbents. The influencing factors of microplastic adsorption, classification of microplastics, and adsorption mechanisms using microplastics for adsorbing organic, inorganic, and mixed pollutants are summarized in the paper. Furthermore, the influence of pH, temperature, functional groups, aging, and other factors related to the adsorption performances of plastics are discussed in detail. We found that microplastics have greater advantages in efficient adsorption performance and cost-effectiveness. In this paper, the adsorptions of pollutants by microplastics and their performance is proposed, which provides significant guidance for future research in this field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials in Water Applications)
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