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Nanomaterials
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Applications of Nanomaterials for Biological Analysis
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Applications of Nanomaterials for Biological Analysis

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Medicines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 9726

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ying Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
Interests: nanobiology; nanomedicine; biological effects; biosafety

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Advances in nanotechnology have resulted in the incessant emergence of a large number of nanomaterials. The development of novel nanomaterials is opening up new opportunities in diverse fields, especially in the biomedical area. Due to their novel features, these nanomaterials are enabling a broad range of applications in biological analysis through protein analysis, DNA/RNA labeling, cell separation, molecular identification, bio-imaging, biosensors, biochips, etc. The most challenging aspects for application include how to increase the specificity and sensitivity for analysis as well as the biosafety in in vivo detection.

The Special Issue entitled “Applications of Nanomaterials for Biological Analysis” will highlight the most recent advances in the synthesis, characterization, mechanisms, biosafety, and novel applications of nanomaterials for biological analysis,

We are very pleased to invite you to submit your manuscript to this Special Issue through the Nanomaterials website. Both original research articles and reviews are welcome. We would very much appreciate if you could let us know your interest regarding contributing a paper at your earliest convenience.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Ying Liu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biological analysis
  • biochip
  • imaging
  • synthesis
  • mechanism
  • biosensor
  • biosafety

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 10978 KiB  
Article
Antibacterial Effect of Low-Concentration ZnO Nanoparticles on Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria under Visible Light
by Hua Yang, Jialin Zhang, Zhuoran Li, Jinrong Huang, Jun Wu, Yixuan Zhang, Honghua Ge and Yuzeng Zhao
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(14), 2033; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13142033 - 9 Jul 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1342
Abstract
The effect of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), with different concentrations in simulated water, on the activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and their adhesion behaviour on stainless-steel surfaces, with and without visible light treatment, were investigated. The results showed that the concentration of ZnO [...] Read more.
The effect of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), with different concentrations in simulated water, on the activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and their adhesion behaviour on stainless-steel surfaces, with and without visible light treatment, were investigated. The results showed that the concentration of ZnO NPs and light treatment greatly influenced the antibacterial performance of the NPs. In the water solution without light treatment, the low concentration (no more than 1 mg/L) of ZnO NPs in the aqueous solution promoted the growth of SRB, and the amount of biofilm attached to the stainless-steel surface increased. As the concentration increased, ZnO NPs exhibited antibacterial effects. In water under visible light irradiation, ZnO NPs showed antibacterial performance at all the concentrations studied (0.5~50 mg/L), and the antibacterial efficiency increased with the increase in the concentration of NPs. The determination results of the reactive oxygen species showed that light treatment can stimulate ZnO NPs in water to generate ·OH and O2·−, which exhibited good antibacterial properties. The adhesion amount of SRB on the stainless-steel surface was inversely proportional to the antibacterial efficiency of ZnO NPs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Nanomaterials for Biological Analysis)
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14 pages, 5284 KiB  
Article
Equipment of Vertically-Ordered Mesoporous Silica Film on Electrochemically Pretreated Three-Dimensional Graphene Electrodes for Sensitive Detection of Methidazine in Urine
by Xiaochun Deng, Xueting Lin, Huaxu Zhou, Jiyang Liu and Hongliang Tang
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(2), 239; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13020239 - 5 Jan 2023
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 1874
Abstract
Direct, rapid, and sensitive detection of drugs in complex biological samples is essential for drug abuse control and health risk assessment. In this work, an electrochemical sensor was fabricated based on equipment of vertically-ordered mesoporous silica film (VMSF) on an electrochemically pre-treated three-dimensional [...] Read more.
Direct, rapid, and sensitive detection of drugs in complex biological samples is essential for drug abuse control and health risk assessment. In this work, an electrochemical sensor was fabricated based on equipment of vertically-ordered mesoporous silica film (VMSF) on an electrochemically pre-treated three-dimensional graphene electrode (p-3DG), which can achieve direct and sensitive determination of methylthiopyridazine (TR) in urine. Three-dimensional graphene (3DG) with a continuous and interpenetrating graphene network was used as the supporting electrode and simple electrochemical polarization was employed to pre-treat 3DG to improve surface hydrophilicity and electrocatalytic performance. VMSF was easily grown using an electrochemical assisted self-assembly method within 10 s and was stably bound to the p-3DG surface. The nanochannel array on the as-prepared VMSF/p-3DG sensor enriched positively charged TR, leading to significantly improved electrochemical signal. Combined with the high electric activity of p-3DG and the enrichment of nanochannels, VMSF/p-3DG realized sensitive determination of TR ranging from 50 nM to 10 μM with a low detection limit (DL, 30 nM). Owing to the anti-fouling and anti-interference performance of VMSF, the common electroactive molecules including ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) did not interfere with the detection. In addition, the detection of TR in buffer and urine exhibited similar sensitivity. Accurate detection of TR in urine was realized. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Nanomaterials for Biological Analysis)
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13 pages, 6012 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Bimetallic Ni-Co Phosphide Nanosheets for Electrochemical Non-Enzymatic H2O2 Sensing
by Zhi-Yuan Wang, Han-Wei Chang and Yu-Chen Tsai
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(1), 66; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13010066 - 23 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1889
Abstract
NiCoP nanosheets (NSs) were successfully synthesized using the hydrothermal and high-temperature phosphorization process. The obtained NiCoP NSs were immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and used to construct a novel sensing platform for electrochemical non-enzymatic H2O2 sensing. Physicochemical characteristics [...] Read more.
NiCoP nanosheets (NSs) were successfully synthesized using the hydrothermal and high-temperature phosphorization process. The obtained NiCoP NSs were immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and used to construct a novel sensing platform for electrochemical non-enzymatic H2O2 sensing. Physicochemical characteristics of NiCoP NSs were obtained by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), field-emission transmission electron microscope (FETEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In addition, the electrochemical properties of NiCoP NSs were obtained by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA) towards the non-enzymatic detection of H2O2. FESEM and FETEM images provided a morphological insight (the unique nanosheets morphology of NiCoP) that could expose more active sites to promote mass/charge transport at the electrode/electrolyte interface. XRD and XPS results also confirmed the crystalline nature of the NiCoP nanosheets and the coexistence of multiple transitional metal oxidation states in NiCoP nanosheets. These unique physicochemical characteristics had a degree of contribution to ensuring enhancement in the electrochemical behavior. As a result, the synthesized NiCoP NSs composed of intercalated nanosheets, as well as the synergistic interaction between bimetallic Ni/Co and P atoms exhibited excellent electrocatalytical activity towards H2O2 electroreduction at neutral medium. As the results showed, the electrochemical sensing based on NiCoP NSs displayed a linear range of 0.05~4 mM, a sensitivity of 225.7 μA mM−1 cm−2, a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.190 μM, and good selectivity. It was concluded that NiCoP NSs-based electrochemical sensing might open new opportunities for future construction of H2O2 sensing platforms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Nanomaterials for Biological Analysis)
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14 pages, 2973 KiB  
Article
Fabrication of a Disposable Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on Nanochannel Array Modified Electrodes and Gated Electrochemical Signals for Sensitive Determination of C-Reactive Protein
by Ning Ma, Xuan Luo, Weidong Wu and Jiyang Liu
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(22), 3981; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12223981 - 11 Nov 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 1475
Abstract
Sensitive determination of C-reactive protein (CRP) is of great significance because it is an early indicator of inflammation in cardiovascular disease and acute myocardial infarction. A disposable electrode with an integrated three-electrode system (working, reference, and counter electrodes) has great potential in the [...] Read more.
Sensitive determination of C-reactive protein (CRP) is of great significance because it is an early indicator of inflammation in cardiovascular disease and acute myocardial infarction. A disposable electrode with an integrated three-electrode system (working, reference, and counter electrodes) has great potential in the detection of biomarkers. In this work, an electrochemical immunosensing platform was fabricated on disposable and integrated screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) by introducing nanochannel arrays and gated electrochemical signals, which can achieve the sensitive detection of CRP in serum. To introduce active reactive groups for the fabrication of immuno-recognitive interface, vertically-ordered mesoporous silica-nanochannel film (VMSF) with rich amino groups (NH2-VMSF) was rapidly grown by electrochemical assisted self-assembly (EASA). The electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ErGO) synthesized in situ during the growth of NH2-VMSF was used as a conductive adhesive glue to achieve stable bonding of the nanochannel array (NH2-VMSF/ErGO/SPCE). After the amino group on the outer surface of NH2-VMSF reacted with bifunctional glutaraldehyde (GA/NH2-VMSF/ErGO/SPCE), the converted aldehyde surface was applied for covalent immobilization of the recognitive antibody (Ab) followed with the blocking of the non-specific sites. The fabricated immunosensor, Ab/GA/NH2-VMSF/ErGO/SPCE, enables sensitive detection of CRP in the range from 10 pg/mL to 100 ng/mL with low limit of detection (LOD, 8 pg/mL, S/N = 3). The immunosensor possessed high selectivity and can realize reliable determination of CRP in human serum. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Nanomaterials for Biological Analysis)
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14 pages, 1692 KiB  
Article
Machine Learning-Assisted Dual-Marker Detection in Serum Small Extracellular Vesicles for the Diagnosis and Prognosis Prediction of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
by Wenzhe Li, Ling Zhu, Kaidi Li, Siyuan Ye, Huayi Wang, Yadong Wang, Jianchao Xue, Chen Wang, Shanqing Li, Naixin Liang and Yanlian Yang
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(5), 809; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12050809 - 28 Feb 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2430
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) carry molecular information from their source cells and are desired biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. We establish a machine learning-assisted dual-marker detection method to analyze the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) in [...] Read more.
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) carry molecular information from their source cells and are desired biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. We establish a machine learning-assisted dual-marker detection method to analyze the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) in serum sEVs for the diagnosis and prognosis prediction of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We find that the serum sEV EGFR and CXCR4 are significantly higher in advanced stage NSCLC (A/NSCLC) patients compared to early stage NSCLC (E/NSCLC) patients and the healthy donors (HDs). A receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis demonstrates that the combination of EGFR and CXCR4 in serum sEVs as an efficient diagnostic index and malignant degree indicator for NSCLC. Machine learning further shows a diagnostic accuracy of 97.4% for the training cohort and 91.7% for the validation cohort based on the combinational marker. Moreover, this machine leaning-assisted serum sEV analysis successfully predicts the possibility of tumor relapse in three NSCLC patients by comparing their serum sEVs before and three days after surgery. This study provides an intelligent serum sEV-based assay for the diagnosis and prognosis prediction of NSCLC, and will benefit the precision management of NSCLC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Nanomaterials for Biological Analysis)
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