Synthesis and Applications of Gold Nanoparticles: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Synthesis, Interfaces and Nanostructures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2024 | Viewed by 1935

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Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung, Taiwan
Interests: plasmonic biosensing; gold nanoparticles photoreduction; photoresist
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The pervasive utilization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has stemmed from their distinctive optical, electronic, and physical attributes. AuNP applications continue to evolve, encompassing electronics, sensors, diagnostics, solar cells, catalysis, nanoengineering, photodynamic therapy, therapeutic agent delivery, and more.

In this Special Issue, we eagerly anticipate exceptional contributions centered around the theme of "Synthesis and Applications of Gold Nanoparticles". Encompassing both fundamental principles and the latest advancements, this collection aims to spotlight the highly promising field of gold nanoparticles, with the aim to engage the widest possible audience. Embracing subjects such as AuNP synthesis, their integration with biologically compatible ligands, diagnostics, plasmon-based labeling and imaging, optical and electrochemical sensing, as well as disease-specific therapies, we invite dedicated researchers to submit original research papers or comprehensive review articles, allowing us to collectively present the forefront of progress in this dynamic field.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Wen-Huei Chang
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • gold nanoparticles
  • metal nanoparticles
  • photonics
  • green synthesis
  • nanotechnology
  • functional material
  • biomedical applications

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 5266 KiB  
Article
Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles and Halogen Bonding Interactions Involving Fentanyl and Fentanyl Derivatives
by Molly M. Sherard, Jamie S. Kaplan, Jeffrey H. Simpson, Kevin W. Kittredge and Michael C. Leopold
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(11), 917; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14110917 - 23 May 2024
Viewed by 271
Abstract
Fentanyl (FTN) and synthetic analogs of FTN continue to ravage populations across the globe, including in the United States where opioids are increasingly being used and abused and are causing a staggering and growing number of overdose deaths each year. This growing pandemic [...] Read more.
Fentanyl (FTN) and synthetic analogs of FTN continue to ravage populations across the globe, including in the United States where opioids are increasingly being used and abused and are causing a staggering and growing number of overdose deaths each year. This growing pandemic is worsened by the ease with which FTN can be derivatized into numerous derivatives. Understanding the chemical properties/behaviors of the FTN class of compounds is critical for developing effective chemical detection schemes using nanoparticles (NPs) to optimize important chemical interactions. Halogen bonding (XB) is an intermolecular interaction between a polarized halogen atom on a molecule and e-rich sites on another molecule, the latter of which is present at two or more sites on most fentanyl-type structures. Density functional theory (DFT) is used to identify these XB acceptor sites on different FTN derivatives. The high toxicity of these compounds necessitated a “fragmentation” strategy where smaller, non-toxic molecules resembling parts of the opioids acted as mimics of XB acceptor sites present on intact FTN and its derivatives. DFT of the fragments’ interactions informed solution measurements of XB using 19F NMR titrations as well as electrochemical measurements of XB at self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-modified electrodes featuring XB donor ligands. Gold NPs, known as monolayer-protected clusters (MPCs), were also functionalized with strong XB donor ligands and assembled into films, and their interactions with FTN “fragments” were studied using voltammetry. Ultimately, spectroscopy and TEM analysis were combined to study whole-molecule FTN interactions with the functionalized MPCs in solution. The results suggested that the strongest XB interaction site on FTN, while common to most of the drug’s derivatives, is not strong enough to induce NP-aggregation detection but may be better exploited in sensing schemes involving films. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Applications of Gold Nanoparticles: 2nd Edition)
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11 pages, 2160 KiB  
Communication
A Uni-Micelle Approach for the Controlled Synthesis of Monodisperse Gold Nanocrystals
by Liangang Shan, Wenchao Wang, Lei Qian, Jianguo Tang and Jixian Liu
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(11), 900; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14110900 - 21 May 2024
Viewed by 244
Abstract
Small-size gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are showing large potential in various fields, such as photothermal conversion, sensing, and medicine. However, current synthesis methods generally yield lower, resulting in a high cost. Here, we report a novel uni-micelle method for the controlled synthesis of monodisperse [...] Read more.
Small-size gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are showing large potential in various fields, such as photothermal conversion, sensing, and medicine. However, current synthesis methods generally yield lower, resulting in a high cost. Here, we report a novel uni-micelle method for the controlled synthesis of monodisperse gold nanocrystals, in which there is only one kind micelle containing aqueous solution of reductant while the dual soluble Au (III) precursor is dissolved in oil phase. Our synthesis includes the reversible phase transfer of Au (III) and “uni-micelle” synthesis, employing a Au (III)-OA complex as an oil-soluble precursor. Size-controlled monodisperse AuNPs with a size of 4–11 nm are synthesized by tuning the size of the micelles, in which oleylamine (OA) is adsorbed on the shell of micelles and enhances the rigidity of the micelles, depressing micellar coalescence. Monodisperse AuNPs can be obtained through a one-time separation process with a higher yield of 61%. This method also offers a promising way for the controlled synthesis of small-size alloy nanoparticles and semiconductor heterojunction quantum dots. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Applications of Gold Nanoparticles: 2nd Edition)
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16 pages, 3806 KiB  
Article
Shape-Driven Response of Gold Nanoparticles to X-rays
by Simona Tarantino, Caterina Capomolla, Alessandra Carlà, Livia Giotta, Mariafrancesca Cascione, Chiara Ingrosso, Edoardo Scarpa, Loris Rizzello, Anna Paola Caricato, Rosaria Rinaldi and Valeria De Matteis
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(19), 2719; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13192719 - 7 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1131
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) involves delivering X-ray beams to the tumor site to trigger DNA damage. In this approach, it is fundamental to preserve healthy cells and to confine the X-ray beam only to the malignant cells. The integration of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the [...] Read more.
Radiotherapy (RT) involves delivering X-ray beams to the tumor site to trigger DNA damage. In this approach, it is fundamental to preserve healthy cells and to confine the X-ray beam only to the malignant cells. The integration of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the X-ray methodology could be considered a powerful tool to improve the efficacy of RT. Indeed, AuNPs have proven to be excellent allies in contrasting tumor pathology upon RT due to their high photoelectric absorption coefficient and unique physiochemical properties. However, an analysis of their physical and morphological reaction to X-ray exposure is necessary to fully understand the AuNPs’ behavior upon irradiation before treating the cells, since there are currently no studies on the evaluation of potential NP morphological changes upon specific irradiations. In this work, we synthesized two differently shaped AuNPs adopting two different techniques to achieve either spherical or star-shaped AuNPs. The spherical AuNPs were obtained with the Turkevich–Frens method, while the star-shaped AuNPs (AuNSs) involved a seed-mediated approach. We then characterized all AuNPs with Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Uv-Vis spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), zeta potential and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The next step involved the treatment of AuNPs with two different doses of X-radiation commonly used in RT, namely 1.8 Gy and 2 Gy, respectively. Following the X-rays’ exposure, the AuNPs were further characterized to investigate their possible physicochemical and morphological alterations induced with the X-rays. We found that AuNPs do not undergo any alteration, concluding that they can be safely used in RT treatments. Lastly, the actin rearrangements of THP-1 monocytes treated with AuNPs were also assessed in terms of coherency. This is a key proof to evaluate the possible activation of an immune response, which still represents a big limitation for the clinical translation of NPs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Applications of Gold Nanoparticles: 2nd Edition)
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