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Recent Advances of Bioanalytical Electrochemistry of Molecules

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A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Electrochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2019) | Viewed by 28236

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ondrej Zitka

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Guest Editor

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
Interests: biochemistry; bioanalytical chemistry; electrochemistry; biosensors and nanotechnology; materials science
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The miniaturisation accompanying the revolution of all aspects of information technologies including worldwide digitalization have been influencing analytical chemistry. The time when mobile-phone producers will incorporate sensing and biosensing devices at great scale is coming, and would enable the analysis of numerous phenomena including vital signs, stress factors and even polluted environments.

Nowadays, electrochemical sensors and/or biosensors are able to detect nucleic acids, amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and various metabolites or food/environmental threats such as organic pollutants, metals and/or bio-pollutants, and the attractiveness of these methods and devices lies in their low cost, ease of use and in situ measurements. These devices also enable us to avoid laborious and time consuming sample preparation and provide an opportunity to perform real-time measurements.

We warmly invite you to contribute to this Special Issue with original research articles related to the use of electrochemistry and/or hyphenated electrochemical systems coupled with other detection methods in the form of sensing or biosensing devices for the detection/determination of ions or molecules serving as biomedical, environmental or food quality markers.

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ondrej Zitka
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Electrochemistry
Miniaturisation
Catalytic signals
Catalytic transducers
Sensing and biosensing
Increasing selectivity
Markers
On-site use

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 3980 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensor Based on Sliver Nanoparticle-Decorated Carbon Nanotubes

by Dongqing Xu, Bingbing Hou, Lisheng Qian, Xueji Zhang and Guodong Liu

Molecules 2019, 24(18), 3411; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24183411 - 19 Sep 2019

Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2893

Abstract

The authors report a non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor based on a sliver nanoparticle-decorated carbon nanotube (AgNPs-MWCNT). Highly-dispersed AgNPs were loaded on the MWCNT surface though a simple and facile two-step method. The morphology, components, and the size of the AgNPs-MWCNT nanocomposite were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and ICP analysis. Benefitting from the synergistic effect between the AgNPs and MWCNT, the AgNPs-MWCNT nanocomposite exhibited high electrocatalytic activity for H₂O₂; the AgNPs-MWCNT electrochemical sensor was prepared by coating the AgNPs-MWCNT nanocomposite on a glassy carbon electrode, and it showed a fast and sensitive response to H₂O₂ with a linear range of 1 to 1000 μM. The detection limit was 0.38 μM (S/N = 3). The sensor was applied to detect H₂O₂ in spiked human blood serum samples with satisfactory results. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances of Bioanalytical Electrochemistry of Molecules)

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15 pages, 2937 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Copper Nanowires Modified with Graphene Oxide Nanosheets for Simultaneous Voltammetric Determination of Ascorbic Acid, Dopamine and Acetaminophen

by Wanting Hao, Yuchan Zhang, Jingchuan Fan, Handeng Liu, Qi Shi, Weichi Liu, Qianyu Peng and Guangchao Zang

Molecules 2019, 24(12), 2320; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24122320 - 24 Jun 2019

Cited by 19 | Viewed by 3582

Abstract

Copper nanowires (Cu NWs) were modified with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets to obtain a sensor for simultaneous voltammetric determination of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA) and acetaminophen (AC). The nanocomposite was obtained via sonication, and its structures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The electrochemical oxidation activity of the materials (placed on a glassy carbon electrode) was studied by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. Due to the synergistic effect of Cu NWs and GO, the specific surface, electrochemical oxidation performance and conductivity are improved when compared to each individual component. The peaks for AA (−0.08 V), DA (+0.16 V), and AC (+0.38 V) are well separated. The sensor has wide linear ranges which are from 1–60 μM, 1–100 μM, and 1–100 μM for AA, DA, and AC, respectively, when operated in the differential pulse voltammetric mode. The detection limits are 50, 410 and 40 nM, respectively. Potential interferences by uric acid (20 μM), glucose (10 mM), NaCl (1 mM), and KCl (1 mM) were tested for AA (1 μΜ), DA (1 μΜ), and AC (1 μΜ) and were found to be insignificant. The method was successfully applied to the quantification of AA, DA, and AC in spiked serum samples. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances of Bioanalytical Electrochemistry of Molecules)

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14 pages, 4399 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Paste Electrode Bulk-Modified with Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes and Its Application in a Sensitive Assay of Antihyperlipidemic Simvastatin in Biological Samples

by Amir M. Ashrafi and Lukáš Richtera

Molecules 2019, 24(12), 2215; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24122215 - 13 Jun 2019

Cited by 23 | Viewed by 2895

Abstract

Determination of an antihyperlipidemic drug simvastatin (SIM) was carried out using a carbon paste electrode bulk-modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-CPE). Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used for the characterization of the prepared electrodes. Different electrodes were prepared varying in mass percentage of MWCNTs to find out the optimum amount of MWCNTs in the paste. The MWCNT-CPE in which the mass percentage of MWCNTs was 25% (w/w) was found as the optimum. Then, the prepared electrode was used in a mechanistic study and sensitive assay of SIM in pharmaceutical dosage form and a spiked human plasma sample using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The prepared electrode shows better sensitivity compared to the bare carbon paste and glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The detection limit and the limit of quantification were calculated to be 2.4 × 10⁻⁷ and 8 × 10⁻⁷, respectively. The reproducibility of the electrode was confirmed by the low value of the relative standard deviation (RSD% = 4.8%) when eight measurements of the same sample were carried out. Determination of SIM in pharmaceutical dosage form was successfully performed with a bias of 0.3% and relative recovery rate of 99.7%. Furthermore, the human plasma as a more complicated matrix was spiked with a known concentration of SIM and the spiking recovery rate was determined with the developed method to be 99.5%. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances of Bioanalytical Electrochemistry of Molecules)

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13 pages, 6588 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Electrochemical Evaluation of Selenium (IV) Removal from Its Aqueous Solutions by Unmodified and Modified Graphene Oxide

by Zuzana Koudelkova, Zuzana Bytesnikova, Kledi Xhaxhiu, Monika Kremplova, David Hynek, Vojtech Adam and Lukas Richtera

Molecules 2019, 24(6), 1063; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24061063 - 18 Mar 2019

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2940

Abstract

The removal of selenium from superficial and waste water is a worldwide problem. The maximum limit according to the World Health Organization (WHO) for the selenium in the water is set at a concentration of 10 μg/L. Carbon based adsorbents have attracted much attention and recently demonstrated promising performance in removal of selenium. In this work, several materials (iron oxide based microparticles and graphene oxides materials) and their composites were prepared to remove Se(IV) from water. The graphene oxides were prepared according to the simplified Hummer’s method. In addition, the effect of pH, contact time and initial Se(IV) concentration was tested. An electrochemical method such as the differential pulse cathodic stripping voltammetry was used to determine the residual selenium concentration. From the experimental data, Langmuir adsorption model was used to calculate the maximum adsorption capacity. Graphene oxide particles modified by iron oxide based microparticles was the most promising material for the removal of Se(IV) from its aqueous solution at pH 2.0. Its adsorption efficiency reached more than 90% for a solution with given Se(IV) concentration, meanwhile its maximal recorded adsorption capacity was 18.69 mg/g. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances of Bioanalytical Electrochemistry of Molecules)

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Review

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14 pages, 1995 KiB

Open AccessReview

Fabrication of Graphene/Molybdenum Disulfide Composites and Their Usage as Actuators for Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors

by Jiri Kudr, Vojtech Adam and Ondrej Zitka

Molecules 2019, 24(18), 3374; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24183374 - 17 Sep 2019

Cited by 23 | Viewed by 3945

Abstract

From the rediscovery of graphene in 2004, the interest in layered graphene analogs has been exponentially growing through various fields of science. Due to their unique properties, novel two-dimensional family of materials and especially transition metal dichalcogenides are promising for development of advanced materials of unprecedented functions. Progress in 2D materials synthesis paved the way for the studies on their hybridization with other materials to create functional composites, whose electronic, physical or chemical properties can be engineered for special applications. In this review we focused on recent progress in graphene-based and MoS₂ hybrid nanostructures. We summarized and discussed various fabrication approaches and mentioned different 2D and 3D structures of composite materials with emphasis on their advances for electroanalytical chemistry. The major part of this review provides a comprehensive overview of the application of graphene-based materials and MoS₂ composites in the fields of electrochemical sensors and biosensors. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances of Bioanalytical Electrochemistry of Molecules)

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14 pages, 1512 KiB

Open AccessReview

Biosensors and Bioassays Based on Lipases, Principles and Applications, a Review

by Miroslav Pohanka

Molecules 2019, 24(3), 616; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030616 - 10 Feb 2019

Cited by 50 | Viewed by 11526

Abstract

Lipases are enzymes responsible for the conversion of triglycerides and other esterified substrates, they are involved in the basic metabolism of a wide number of organisms, from a simple microorganism and to mammals. They also have broad applicability in many fields from which industrial biotechnology, the production of cleaning agents, and pharmacy are the most important. The use of lipases in analytical chemistry where it can serve as a part of biosensors or bioassays is an application of growing interest and has become another important use. This review is focused on the description of lipases chemistry, their current applications and the methods for their assay measurement. Examples of bioassays and biosensors, including their physical and chemical principles, performance for specific substrates, and discussion of their relevance, are given in this work. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances of Bioanalytical Electrochemistry of Molecules)

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