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Minerals
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Trace Element Uptake by Carbonate Minerals
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Trace Element Uptake by Carbonate Minerals

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Crystallography and Physical Chemistry of Minerals & Nanominerals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (13 August 2021) | Viewed by 7091

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Rinat Gabitov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Geosciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Interests: carbonates; geochemistry; crystal growth; trace element; stable isotopes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jeremy Weremeichik

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Geosciences Program, Indiana University Southeast, New Albany, IN 47150, USA
Interests: sedimentology; carbonate geochemistry; crystal growth; paleoenvironmental reconstruction; low temperature geochemistry; mineralogy

Special Issue Information

Carbonates are a group of widely occurring minerals, with a variety of applications in natural sciences and engineering. Incorporation of trace and minor elements (impurities) into carbonates as well as isotope fractionation provides invaluable information on the conditions of mineral formation, which is actively used in geological and oceanographical disciplines. An important application in environmental sciences is the remediation potential of carbonates (e.g., the ability to sequester hazardous elements into the crystal lattice and retain it there for up to millions of years). The role of impurities in changing the physical properties of carbonate minerals (e.g., lattice strength and surface wettability) has important implications in geological and petroleum engineering.

This Special Issue focuses on the evaluation of impurity incorporation and isotope fractionation during the crystallization of carbonate minerals via nucleation/growth, recrystallization, phase transformation, and diffusion. We especially welcome submissions where incorporation mechanisms are discussed, as it has extensively been shown that not only temperature itself, but also other temperature-dependent parameters (i.e., aqueous speciation of the growth media and crystal growth rate) strongly affect the degree of partitioning. Studies on the incorporation of cations and anions to carbonate minerals at ambient and hydrothermal conditions are encouraged for submission.

Dr. Rinat Gabitov
Dr. Jeremy Weremeichik
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Minerals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • incorporation mechanism
  • cations
  • anions
  • diffusion
  • carbonates
  • trace elements

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2215 KiB  
Article
Mg/Ca Ratios in Synthetic Low-Magnesium Calcite: An Experimental Investigation
by Jeremy M. Weremeichik, Rinat I. Gabitov, Aleksey Sadekov, Aleksandra Novak, Angel Jimenez, Rooban Venkatesh K. G. Thirumalai, Jac J. Varco and Andrew Dygert
Minerals 2021, 11(11), 1158; https://doi.org/10.3390/min11111158 - 21 Oct 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2958
Abstract
The work presented sought to determine the effects of Mg/Ca ratios in solution have on Mg partitioning (KMg) between precipitated abiotic low-Mg calcite and solution. Experiments were set up so that Mg/Ca in precipitated abiotic calcite would match the Mg/Ca in [...] Read more.
The work presented sought to determine the effects of Mg/Ca ratios in solution have on Mg partitioning (KMg) between precipitated abiotic low-Mg calcite and solution. Experiments were set up so that Mg/Ca in precipitated abiotic calcite would match the Mg/Ca in planktonic foraminifera. This research intended to investigate the effect of Mg/Ca(Fluid) on KMg when the molar value of Mg/Ca(Fluid) was below 0.5, which is below the previously reported Mg/Ca range. The values of pH, salinity, and aqueous Mg/Ca were monitored during calcite precipitation, and Mg/Ca of calcite was determined at the end of experiments. Partition coefficients of Mg were evaluated as a ratio of Mg/Ca in calcite to the averaged ratio of aqueous Mg/Ca for each experiment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trace Element Uptake by Carbonate Minerals)
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14 pages, 12640 KiB  
Article
Retaining Geochemical Signatures during Aragonite-Calcite Transformation at Hydrothermal Conditions
by Anh Nguyen, Rinat Gabitov, Angel Jimenez, Andrew Dygert, Jac Varco, Alberto Pérez-Huerta, Artas Migdisov, Varun Paul, Brenda Kirkland and Padmanava Dash
Minerals 2021, 11(10), 1052; https://doi.org/10.3390/min11101052 - 28 Sep 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3350
Abstract
Transformation of aragonite, a mineral phase metastable at Earth’s surface, to calcite widely occurs in both sedimentary and metamorphic systems with the presence of an aqueous phase. The transformation process can affect geochemical signatures of aragonite (a protolith). This study focused on quantification [...] Read more.
Transformation of aragonite, a mineral phase metastable at Earth’s surface, to calcite widely occurs in both sedimentary and metamorphic systems with the presence of an aqueous phase. The transformation process can affect geochemical signatures of aragonite (a protolith). This study focused on quantification of the retention of Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios, and δ18O during the transformation process as well as evaluation of the transformation rate. To investigate the effect of transformation from aragonite to calcite on elemental and stable isotope ratios, we conducted a series of experiments in NaCl solutions at temperatures between 120 and 184 °C. Two additional experiments at 250 °C were conducted to estimate the transformation rate of aragonite to calcite. Protolith materials consist of (1) synthetic (Mg; Sr-bearing or non-Mg; Sr bearing) needle-shaped microcrystals of aragonite (<5 µm in size) and (2) larger chips (>100 µm in size) of natural aragonite. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that microcrystals successfully transformed to calcite within 30 h and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) yielded a change in the crystal size to >10 µm in rhombohedral shape. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) of the larger aragonite chips showed that transformation to randomly oriented calcite occurred at the rims and along the cracks while the core retained an aragonite crystal structure. Isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) analyses showed that calcite δ18O was controlled by temperature and δ18O of the solution. The obtained calibration curve of isotope fractionation factor versus temperature is consistent with other studies. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analyses showed that calcite partially or completely retained Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios through the transformation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trace Element Uptake by Carbonate Minerals)
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