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Micromachines
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2D-Materials Based Fabrication and Devices
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2D-Materials Based Fabrication and Devices

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "D：Materials and Processing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2025 | Viewed by 11014

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Wu Shi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
Interests: 2D materials; van der Waals heterostructures; field-effect transistors; quantum transport
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Hu Long

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: 2D materials; gas sensors; MEMS; micromanufacturing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The abundance of two-dimensional (2D) materials has led to unparalleled research prospects, promoting extensive exploration into their distinct electronic, optical, chemical, thermal and mechanical properties. With their atomic thickness, substantial bandgaps and van der Waals layer coupling, these materials present highly desirable attributes for innovative device applications, providing remarkable tunability and design flexibility. The rapid evolution of controllable and scalable synthesis techniques for high-quality 2D materials and their heterostructures has paved the way for fabricating devices with extraordinary performance, encompassing transistors, memories, spintronic devices, photodetectors, transducers and sensing devices. This Special Issue is dedicated to spotlighting the advancements in devices based on 2D materials. We invite submissions of various types of papers, including research papers, communications and review articles, addressing topics such as (1) the exploration of novel electronic, optical, thermal and mechanical properties of 2D materials and heterostructures, and (2) the fabrication of devices based on 2D materials, covering aspects like stacking, twisting, strain engineering and more, to reveal new physics and device applications.

We look forward to receiving your submissions.

Dr. Wu Shi
Dr. Hu Long
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • two-dimensional materials
  • van der Waals heterostructures
  • transistors
  • gas sensors
  • MEMS

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3310 KiB  
Article
High-Performance Ag-NWs Doped Graphene/ITO Hybrid Transparent Conductive Electrode
by Hana Bourahla, Susana Fernández, Yu Kyoung Ryu, Andres Velasco, Chahinez Malkia, Alberto Boscá, M. Belén Gómez-Mancebo, Fernando Calle and Javier Martinez
Micromachines 2025, 16(2), 204; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16020204 - 11 Feb 2025
Viewed by 820
Abstract
Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a commonly used material for transparent conductive electrodes (TCE) in optoelectronic applications. On the other hand, graphene has superior electrical conductivity and exceptional mechanical flexibility, which makes it a promising candidate as a TCE material. This work proposes [...] Read more.
Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a commonly used material for transparent conductive electrodes (TCE) in optoelectronic applications. On the other hand, graphene has superior electrical conductivity and exceptional mechanical flexibility, which makes it a promising candidate as a TCE material. This work proposes a CVD graphene/ITO hybrid electrode enhanced by doping with silver nanowires (Ag-NWs). The study aims to improve the performance of the electrode by optimizing two key parameters during the fabrication process: the thermal annealing time after the transfer of graphene on ITO and the Ag-NWs doping conditions. The annealing treatment is fundamental to reducing the residues on the surface of graphene and increasing the interface contact between graphene and ITO. The correct coverage and distribution of the dopant on graphene is obtained by controlling the concentration of the Ag-NWs and the spin coating speeds. The results indicate a substantial improvement in the optical and electrical performance of the Ag-NWs/graphene/ITO hybrid electrode. A remarkably low sheet resistance of 42.4 Ω/sq (±2 Ω/sq) has been achieved while maintaining a high optical transmittance of 87.3% (±0.5%). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D-Materials Based Fabrication and Devices)
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12 pages, 2488 KiB  
Article
A Polycarbonate-Assisted Transfer Method for van der Waals Contacts to Magnetic Two-Dimensional Materials
by Kunlin Yang, Guorui Zhao, Yibin Zhao, Jie Xiao, Le Wang, Jiaqi Liu, Wenqing Song, Qing Lan, Tuoyu Zhao, Hai Huang, Jia-Wei Mei and Wu Shi
Micromachines 2024, 15(11), 1401; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15111401 - 20 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1554
Abstract
Magnetic two-dimensional (2D) materials have garnered significant attention for their potential to revolutionize 2D spintronics due to their unique magnetic properties. However, their air-sensitivity and highly insulating nature of the magnetic semiconductors present substantial challenges for device fabrication with effective contacts. In this [...] Read more.
Magnetic two-dimensional (2D) materials have garnered significant attention for their potential to revolutionize 2D spintronics due to their unique magnetic properties. However, their air-sensitivity and highly insulating nature of the magnetic semiconductors present substantial challenges for device fabrication with effective contacts. In this study, we introduce a polycarbonate (PC)-assisted transfer method that effectively forms van der Waals (vdW) contacts with 2D materials, streamlining the fabrication process without the need for additional lithography. This method is particularly advantageous for air-sensitive magnetic materials, as demonstrated in Fe3GeTe2. It also ensures excellent interface contact quality and preserves the intrinsic magnetic properties in magnetic semiconductors like CrSBr. Remarkably, this method achieves a contact resistance four orders of magnitude lower than that achieved with traditional thermally evaporated electrodes in thin-layer CrSBr devices and enables the observation of sharp magnetic transitions similar to those observed with graphene vdW contacts. Compatible with standard dry-transfer processes and scalable to large wafer sizes, our approach provides a straightforward and effective solution for developing complex magnetic heterojunction devices and expanding the applications of magnetic 2D materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D-Materials Based Fabrication and Devices)
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12 pages, 1634 KiB  
Article
A Highly Sensitive Strain Sensor with Self-Assembled MXene/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Sliding Networks for Gesture Recognition
by Fei Wang, Hongchen Yu, Xingyu Ma, Xue Lv, Yijian Liu, Hanning Wang, Zhicheng Wang and Da Chen
Micromachines 2024, 15(11), 1301; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15111301 - 25 Oct 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1265
Abstract
Flexible electronics is pursuing a new generation of electronic skin and human–computer interaction. However, effectively detecting large dynamic ranges and highly sensitive human movements remains a challenge. In this study, flexible strain sensors with a self-assembled PDMS/MXene/MWCNT structure are fabricated, in which MXene [...] Read more.
Flexible electronics is pursuing a new generation of electronic skin and human–computer interaction. However, effectively detecting large dynamic ranges and highly sensitive human movements remains a challenge. In this study, flexible strain sensors with a self-assembled PDMS/MXene/MWCNT structure are fabricated, in which MXene particles are wrapped and bridged by dense MWCNTs, forming complex sliding conductive networks. Therefore, the strain sensor possesses an impressive sensitivity (gauge factor = 646) and 40% response range. Moreover, a fast response time of 280 ms and detection limit of 0.05% are achieved. The high performance enables good prospects in human detection, like human movement and pulse signals for healthcare. It is also applied to wearable smart data gloves, in which the CNN algorithm is utilized to identify 15 gestures, and the final recognition rate is up to 95%. This comprehensive performance strain sensor is designed for a wide array of human body detection applications and wearable intelligent systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D-Materials Based Fabrication and Devices)
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11 pages, 2038 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Characterization of 2D Ternary Compound TMD Materials Ta3VSe8
by Yuanji Ma, Yuhan Du, Wenbin Wu, Zeping Shi, Xianghao Meng and Xiang Yuan
Micromachines 2024, 15(5), 591; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15050591 - 28 Apr 2024
Viewed by 2036
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are garnering considerable scientific interest, prompting discussion regarding their prospective applications in the fields of nanoelectronics and spintronics while also fueling groundbreaking discoveries in phenomena such as the fractional quantum anomalous Hall effect (FQAHE) and exciton dynamics. [...] Read more.
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are garnering considerable scientific interest, prompting discussion regarding their prospective applications in the fields of nanoelectronics and spintronics while also fueling groundbreaking discoveries in phenomena such as the fractional quantum anomalous Hall effect (FQAHE) and exciton dynamics. The abundance of binary compound TMDs, such as MX2 (M = Mo, W; X = S, Se, Te), has unlocked myriad avenues of exploration. However, the exploration of ternary compound TMDs remains relatively limited, with notable examples being Ta2NiS5 and Ta2NiSe5. In this study, we report the synthesis of a new 2D ternary compound TMD materials, Ta3VSe8, employing the chemical vapor transport (CVT) method. The as-grown bulk crystal is shiny and can be easily exfoliated. The crystal quality and structure are verified by X-ray diffraction (XRD), while the surface morphology, stoichiometric ratio, and uniformity are determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Although the phonon property is found stable at different temperatures, magneto-resistivity evolves. These findings provide a possible approach for the realization and exploration of ternary compound TMDs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D-Materials Based Fabrication and Devices)
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14 pages, 1423 KiB  
Article
Environmental Chamber Characterization of an Ice Detection Sensor for Aviation Using Graphene and PEDOT:PSS
by Dario Farina, Marco Mazio, Hatim Machrafi, Patrick Queeckers and Carlo Saverio Iorio
Micromachines 2024, 15(4), 504; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15040504 - 7 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4577
Abstract
In the context of improving aircraft safety, this work focuses on creating and testing a graphene-based ice detection system in an environmental chamber. This research is driven by the need for more accurate and efficient ice detection methods, which are crucial in mitigating [...] Read more.
In the context of improving aircraft safety, this work focuses on creating and testing a graphene-based ice detection system in an environmental chamber. This research is driven by the need for more accurate and efficient ice detection methods, which are crucial in mitigating in-flight icing hazards. The methodology employed involves testing flat graphene-based sensors in a controlled environment, simulating a variety of climatic conditions that could be experienced in an aircraft during its entire flight. The environmental chamber enabled precise manipulation of temperature and humidity levels, thereby providing a realistic and comprehensive test bed for sensor performance evaluation. The results were significant, revealing the graphene sensors’ heightened sensitivity and rapid response to the subtle changes in environmental conditions, especially the critical phase transition from water to ice. This sensitivity is the key to detecting ice formation at its onset, a critical requirement for aviation safety. The study concludes that graphene-based sensors tested under varied and controlled atmospheric conditions exhibit a remarkable potential to enhance ice detection systems for aircraft. Their lightweight, efficient, and highly responsive nature makes them a superior alternative to traditional ice detection technologies, paving the way for more advanced and reliable aircraft safety solutions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D-Materials Based Fabrication and Devices)
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