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Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is a worldwide healthcare problem affecting approximately 25% of the global population. The most common IDA treatment is oral iron supplementation, which has been associated with gastrointestinal (GI) side effects such a...

There is a real consensus that new antibiotics are urgently needed and are the best chance for combating antibiotic resistance. The phylum Actinobacteria is one of the main producers of new antibiotics, with a recent paradigm shift whereby rare actin...

Recurrent urinary tract infection (rUTI) is a significant public health problem in women. General measures to prevent recurrence include behavioral changes and increased fluid intake, cranberry ingest, use of methenamine hippurate, antibiotic prophyl...

The effect of climate change on flora and fauna has been widely discussed for years. However, its consequences on microorganisms are generally poorly considered. The main effect of climate change on microbiota is related to biodiversity changes in di...

Bacterial populations inhabiting a variety of natural and human-associated niches have the ability to grow in the form of biofilms. A large part of pathological chronic conditions, and essentially all the bacterial infections associated with implante...

Bile acid diarrhoea (BAD) is a widespread gastrointestinal disease that is often misdiagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome and is estimated to affect 1% of the United Kingdom (UK) population alone. BAD is associated with excessive bile acid synthesis...

Although clothes washing machines remove dirt, microorganisms are not reliably removed by modern cold-water machine-washing practices. Microbial bioburden on clothing originates from the wearer’s skin, the environment (indoor and outdoor), and...

Ticks are amongst the important ectoparasites where livestock are concerned, as they adversely affect the animals through bloodsucking. In tropical and subtropical countries, they transmit pathogens such as babesiosis, theileriosis, ehrlichiosis, and...

Silver nanoparticles have gained significant attention due to their remarkable antimicrobial properties, making them ideal candidates for incorporation into various coatings. These coatings exhibit antimicrobial activity through multiple mechanisms,...

(1) Background: Influenza is a viral infection that has claimed many millions of lives over the past 100 years, and there is always a risk that a new influenza virus will emerge and cause another pandemic. One way to reduce such a potential new influ...

Sourdough fermentation has emerged as a promising biotechnological approach to reducing gluten content and modifying gluten proteins in wheat-based products. This review assesses the current scientific literature on the enzymatic degradation and hydr...

Multidrug-resistant Salmonella spp. is one of the leading causes of worldwide foodborne disease outbreaks. Animal-derived foods, particularly chicken and poultry products, are the most likely source of Salmonella transmission to humans. The increasin...

The available literary data suggest the general applicability and benefits of the Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) in the field of microbiological identification. Due to its high reliabil...

The ketogenic diet has proven to be effective in many recent studies not only as a weight-losing strategy but also as a valuable add-on therapy in medical conditions such as diabetes and epilepsy. Additionally, frequent conditions such as autism spec...

The microbial biofilms are a community of microorganisms that adhere to each other and to surfaces, typically in a mucilaginous or gel-like matrix composed of extracellular polymeric substances, including polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, and DNA. I...

The microbial biosynthesis of proteins, primary metabolites, and chemicals is gaining extraordinary momentum and is presently viewed as an advancing approach in the industrial research sector. Increased threats to the environment and the possibility...

Biofilms are a spontaneously formed slimy matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) enveloping miniature bacterial colonies, which aid in pathogen colonization, shielding the bacteria from antibiotics, as well as imparting them resistance to...

When worn, clothing acquires a microbiome of bacteria and fungi derived from the wearer’s skin and from the environment. The types of bacteria and fungi that may be recovered from clothing in healthcare settings have been well characterized, bu...

Respiratory tract infections are frequently encountered in clinical practice. The growing incidence of antimicrobial resistance among the causative pathogens exerts sustained pressure on the existing therapeutic options. The emergence of antimicrobia...

A large-scale food poisoning outbreak happened at a school canteen in Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam, in 2018, resulting in the hospitalization of 352 students with clinical symptoms indicative of a staphylococcal food poisoning. A subsequent laboratory...

Proteus mirabilis is an important pathogen that is associated with urinary tract infections. This study aims to determine the colonization and sharing of P. mirabilis between healthy companion animals and humans that are living together and to evalua...

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging flavivirus that represents significant public health challenges, particularly in the Americas, and is a substantial risk to other parts of the world due to its rapid expansion and its established association with neur...

Background: The human being is defined as a ‘superorganism’ since it is made up of its own cells and microorganisms that reside inside and outside the human body. Commensal microorganisms, which are even ten times more numerous than the c...

Ellagitannins are bioactive phenolic acids found in various fruits, plants, and beverages such as wine and spirits. This review aims to discuss the metabolism, absorption, and some health benefits related to the intestinal activity of these molecules...

Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) is a highly infectious disease with zoonotic potential. Ehrlichia canis, the causative agent, is primarily transmitted by Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Tick infestation and tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are serious human...

Pekar et al. (2022) propose that SARS-CoV-2 was a zoonotic spillover that first infected humans in the Huanan Seafood Market in Wuhan, China. They propose that there were two separate spillovers of the closely related lineages A and lineage B in a sh...

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive soil bacterium that belongs to the phylum Firmicutes and the genus Bacillus. It is a spore-forming bacterium. During sporulation, it produces a wide range of crystalline proteins that are tox...

Mycotoxins are fungi-produced secondary metabolites that can contaminate many foods eaten by humans and animals. Deoxynivalenol (DON), which is formed by Fusarium, is one of the most common occurring predominantly in cereal grains and thus poses a si...

The increased emergence of multidrug-resistant Helicobacter pylori is related to many health issues. Zingiber officinale (Z. officinale) is a plant usually used in folk medicine to treat a variety of diseases. This study was conducted to evaluate the...

The altered patterns of a microbial population colonizing an organ are increasingly recognized as a relevant item in human disease pathogenesis. The female urogenital tract is no exception, as some vaginal microbiota patterns, named community state t...

The existence of biofilms as heterogeneous structures, comprising bacterial cells embedded in a self-synthesized polymeric matrix and adhered to biotic and abiotic surfaces, exhibiting high antibiotic tolerance, is a fact that, in recent years, has e...

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a significant public health concern, particularly in rural regions, like the Caucasus, where tick-borne diseases are prevalent. The review contains comprehensive data on TBEV circulation in the Caucasus region,...

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) present a significant health challenge for women globally, particularly due to high recurrence rates. This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study conducted at AIIMS Bhubaneswar, India, evaluated the effec...

Avian influenza virus (AIV) poses a significant challenge to poultry production, with negative repercussions for both the economy and public health worldwide. Since January 2003, a total of 868 human cases of AIV H5N1 have been reported from four cou...

Poultry production systems are usually exposed to important infections that could be prevented by vaccination programs. Conventional methods of vaccination such as drinking water; spray, eye, or nose inoculation; and injection are usually given after...

The human gastrointestinal tract hosts a complex and dynamic population of commensal bacterial species, which have coevolved with the host, generating a symbiotic relationship. Some compounds present in foods, such as polyols, prebiotic fibers, or ph...

The inherent capacity of all organisms to evolve under selective pressure has created multidrug-resistant microbes and cells that are now threatening decades of progress in human health introduced by the advent of antibiotics. This resistance is deve...

Phaeohyphomycosis, a worldwide fungal infection, refers to uncommon superficial, subcutaneous, or systemic infections caused by melanized fungi. Currently, about 70 genera and 150 species have been described. It can be confirmed by mycological, histo...

The term ‘packaging’ refers to the technological intervention aimed at the protection of food from a variety of factors, which provokes the product detriment. Packaging is considered as one of the most interesting technological aspects and a constant...

The broad range of applications offered by synthetic biology and bioengineering has revolutionized the ability to design and redesign microorganisms to express specific functions, overcoming the limitations of natural biological systems. This advance...

Modern society is becoming more and more reluctant to use antibiotic or chemical compounds in food production and is demanding foods without what they perceive as artificial and harmful chemicals, including many used as antimicrobials and preservativ...

Cocoa fermentation is a critical step in chocolate production, influencing the flavor, aroma, and overall quality of the final product. This review focuses on the microbial dynamics of cocoa fermentation, emphasizing the roles of yeasts, lactic acid...

Background: Onychomycosis is the most prevalent nail disease, posing a challenge for health professionals in terms of treatment. Conventional topical antifungal treatments can often prove insufficient, and the use of oral antifungal drugs carries a h...

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (ML) show clinical spectra that can range from a localized lesion (with a spontaneous healing process) to cases that progress to a generalized systemic disease with a risk of death. The tre...

The Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the bacteria that cause serious infections due to resistance to many antibiotics can be fatal in severe cases. Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health concern. To solve this problem, interest in phage t...

Lactic acid (LA) is widely used in many industries as a crucial starting material in food products, bio-based materials, and biodegradable polymers. The goals of this research were to isolate LA bacteria from food wastes, assess their potential for L...

In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that the COVID-19 outbreak can be characterized as a pandemic. Human-to-human transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus may initially be blamed as the first cause of spread, but can an infection...

Livestock products supply about 13 percent of energy and 28 percent of protein in diets consumed worldwide. Diarrhea is a leading cause of sickness and death of beef and dairy calves in their first month of life and also affecting adult cattle, resul...

The human gut has a rich and dynamic microbial population that plays an important role in many physiological activities. This review explores the complex interaction between the gut microbiota and human health, with an emphasis on its effect on neuro...

GeneXpert MTB/RIF is a rapid molecular diagnostic tool capable of simultaneously detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic precision of GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay to detect pulmonary and ex...