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Metals
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Magnetic Properties Analysis of Amorphous and Partially Crystallized Alloys
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Magnetic Properties Analysis of Amorphous and Partially Crystallized Alloys

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Crystallography and Applications of Metallic Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 4977

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ding Ding

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Materials, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China
Interests: amorphous alloy; partially crystallized alloys; refrigeration capacity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to invite you to submit articles to this Special Issue of Metals, entitled “Magnetic Properties Analysis of Amorphous and Partially Crystallized Alloys.”

Amorphous magnetic materials have long-range, disordered atomic structures, being described as either ferromagnetic, loose ferromagnetic, ferromagnetic or loose ferromagnetic. They have been rapidly developed globally as new types of magnetic material since the 1970s. As an energy-efficient and environment friendly technique, the magnetic refrigeration technique, based on the magneto-caloric effect (MCE) of the materials, is regarded as a promising alternative to conventional vapor-circle refrigeration technology. Magneto-caloric materials are usually divided into two types. Materials which undergo a first-order magnetic transition, including most of the crystalline variety, exhibit a sharp but narrow magnetic entropy change peak (-ΔSmpeak). In contrast, materials which undergo a second-order magnetic transition, including amorphous alloys and a small amount of crystalline alloys, show a broadened but low magnetic entropy change peak and this results in high RC. Amongst the the key challenges in the field of magnetic refrigerants is in obtaining a combination of the high table-like magnetic entropy change and movements across the ice point of water within different temperature ranges.

Research areas may include, but should not be limited to, the issue of magnetic refrigeration materials.

Dr. Ding Ding
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • amorphous alloy
  • partially crystallized alloys
  • refrigeration capacity

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2416 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Annealing in a Magnetic Field on the Microstructures and Magnetic Properties of (Nd0.8RE0.2)2.2Fe12Co2B (RE = La, Ce) Alloys
by Xiaohua Tan, Xuanbo Shi, Shiqi Zhang and Hui Xu
Metals 2025, 15(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/met15010005 - 26 Dec 2024
Viewed by 636
Abstract
The development of high-performance and cost-effective Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets is crucial to meet the ever-growing requirements of renewable and clean energy applications. Here, we use low-cost and highly abundant La and Ce to partially substitute Nd and investigate the effect of annealing treatment [...] Read more.
The development of high-performance and cost-effective Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets is crucial to meet the ever-growing requirements of renewable and clean energy applications. Here, we use low-cost and highly abundant La and Ce to partially substitute Nd and investigate the effect of annealing treatment with a 1 tesla (T) magnetic field on the microstructures and magnetic properties of (Nd0.8RE0.2)2.2Fe12Co2B (RE = La, Ce) ribbons. The remanence (Br) and maximum energy product ((BH)max) of studied alloys can be improved by magnetic field annealing. The respective Br and (BH)max of annealed (Nd0.8La0.2)2.2Fe12Co2B alloy are increased to 0.86 T and 124 kJ/m3. In comparison to melt-spun (Nd0.8Ce0.2)2.2Fe12Co2B alloy, the Br and (BH)max of the magnetic field-annealed alloy are improved by 5% and 8%. The underlying mechanism of improved magnetic properties of La- and Ce-substituted alloys is different. The interaction magnetic domain size in (Nd0.8La0.2)2.2Fe12Co2B alloy can be increased by magnetic field annealing, leading to the enhancement of exchange coupling interaction, which results to the improvement in Br and (BH)max. In the (Nd0.8Ce0.2)2.2Fe12Co2B alloy, the concentration of (Fe + Co) of ferromagnetic intergranular phase is increased after magnetic field annealing, resulting in the increase in Br and (BH)max. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Properties Analysis of Amorphous and Partially Crystallized Alloys)
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10 pages, 11335 KiB  
Article
Enhanced DC and AC Soft Magnetic Properties of Fe-Co-Ni-Al-Si High-Entropy Alloys via Texture and Iron Segregation
by Xiaohua Tan, Junyi Li, Shiqi Zhang and Hui Xu
Metals 2024, 14(10), 1113; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14101113 - 29 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1143
Abstract
The microstructure and soft magnetic properties under direct current (DC) mode and alternating current (AC) mode of FeCoNiAl1−xSix (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) high-entropy alloys (HEAs) are investigated. All the studied HEAs show body-centered cubic (BCC) structures, and the [100] [...] Read more.
The microstructure and soft magnetic properties under direct current (DC) mode and alternating current (AC) mode of FeCoNiAl1−xSix (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) high-entropy alloys (HEAs) are investigated. All the studied HEAs show body-centered cubic (BCC) structures, and the [100] texture is formed in the x = 0.4 HEA. The iron (Fe) segregation at the grain boundaries is helpful in increasing the soft magnetic properties under DC. The FeCoNiAl0.6Si0.4 (x = 0.4) HEA exhibits optimal DC and AC soft magnetic properties, primarily due to the formation of the texture along the easy magnetization axis. The x = 0.4 HEA shows the highest permeability (μi = 344 and μm = 1334) and the smallest coercivity (Hc = 51 A/m), remanence (Br = 132 mT), and hysteresis loss (Pu = 205 J/m3). In comparison to the x = 0.2 HEA and x = 0.6 HEA, the total loss (AC Ps) at 50 Hz of the x = 0.4 HEA is decreased by 15% and 18%, and it is reduced at 950 Hz by 13% and 7%. Our findings can provide a useful approach for developing novel HEAs with increased soft magnetic properties by tuning ferromagnetic elemental segregation and forming the texture along the easy magnetization axis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Properties Analysis of Amorphous and Partially Crystallized Alloys)
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13 pages, 1503 KiB  
Article
Effect of Cobalt on the Microstructure of Fe-B-Sn Amorphous Metallic Alloys
by Daniel G. Grey, Martin Cesnek, Marek Bujdoš and Marcel B. Miglierini
Metals 2024, 14(6), 712; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14060712 - 16 Jun 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1347
Abstract
Fe78B15Sn7 and (Fe3Co1)78B15Sn7 amorphous metallic alloys were prepared using the method of planar flow casting. The amorphous nature of ribbons containing 7 at. % Sn was verified by X-ray [...] Read more.
Fe78B15Sn7 and (Fe3Co1)78B15Sn7 amorphous metallic alloys were prepared using the method of planar flow casting. The amorphous nature of ribbons containing 7 at. % Sn was verified by X-ray diffraction. The resulting chemical composition was checked by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy and by mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. The microstructure of the as-quenched metallic glasses was investigated by 57-Fe and 119-Sn Mössbauer spectrometry. The experiments were performed with transmission geometry at 300 K, 100 K, and 4.2 K, and in an external magnetic field of 6 T. The replacement of a quarter of the Fe by Co did not cause significant modifications of the hyperfine interactions in the 57-Fe nuclei. The observed minor variations in the local magnetic microstructure were attributed to alterations in the topological short-range order. However, the in-field 57-Fe Mössbauer spectra indicated a misalignment of the partial magnetic moments. On the other hand, the presence of Co considerably affected the local magnetic microstructure of the 119-Sn nuclei. This was probably due to the higher magnetic moment of Co, which induces transfer fields and polarization effects on the diamagnetic Sn atoms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Properties Analysis of Amorphous and Partially Crystallized Alloys)
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12 pages, 8041 KiB  
Article
Effect of Minor Ce Substitution for Pr on the Glass Formability and Magnetocaloric Effect of a Fe88Zr4Pr4B4 Metallic Glass
by Li-Ze Zhu, Qiang Wang, Shu-Hui Zheng, Peng-Jie Wang, Ding Ding, Ben-Zhen Tang, Peng Yu, Jin-Lei Yao and Lei Xia
Metals 2023, 13(9), 1531; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13091531 - 29 Aug 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1215
Abstract
In the present work, Fe88Zr4Pr3B4Ce1 metallic glass (MG) was successfully prepared by minor Ce substitution for Pr, and compared with Fe88Zr4Pr4B4 MG in terms of glass forming [...] Read more.
In the present work, Fe88Zr4Pr3B4Ce1 metallic glass (MG) was successfully prepared by minor Ce substitution for Pr, and compared with Fe88Zr4Pr4B4 MG in terms of glass forming ability (GFA), magnetic and magnetocaloric properties. The GFA, Tc and the maximum magnetic entropy change (−ΔSmpeak) of the Fe88Zr4Pr3B4Ce1 MG were found to decrease slightly. At the same time, the possible interaction mechanism of minor Ce replacing Pr was also explained. The critical exponents (β, γ and n) obtained by the Kouvel–Fisher method indicate that Fe88Zr4Pr3B4Ce1 MG near Tc exhibits typical magnetocaloric behavior of fully amorphous alloys. The considerable maximum magnetic entropy change (−ΔSmpeak = 3.84 J/(kg × K) under 5 T) near its Curie temperature (Tc = 314 K) as well as RCP (~ 646.3 J/kg under 5 T) make the Fe88Zr4Pr3B4Ce1 MG a better candidate as a component of the amorphous hybrids that exhibit table-shape magnetic entropy change profiles within the operation temperature interval of a magnetic refrigerator. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Properties Analysis of Amorphous and Partially Crystallized Alloys)
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