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Metals
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Recent Advances in High-Performance Steel
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Recent Advances in High-Performance Steel

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Structural Integrity of Metals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 May 2025 | Viewed by 3040

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Fei Yin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Automotive Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: high-performance steel; surface engineering; advanced manufacturing; bearing steel
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Lin Hua

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Automotive Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: metal forming; plasticity; bearing steel
Prof. Dr. Jian Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
Interests: light-weight structural materials; high strength/ductile materials; radiation-damage tolerant materials; multi-principal elements and/or multiphase alloys; metal-based and ceramic-based composites
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

High-performance steel, known for its exceptional mechanical properties, finds wide-ranging applications in fields such as automotive, aerospace, construction, and energy. However, traditional design and manufacturing methods often fail to fully exploit the potential of high-performance steel and meet the requirements of steel structural components in complex engineering environments. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the design and manufacturing of steels. New manufacturing techniques enable high-end forming and service performance on steel and its structural components, meeting the high demands for properties such as friction, wear, and fatigue under extreme operating conditions. Therefore, innovative efforts are urgently needed at various steel processing stages. By developing green and efficient processing technologies to replace traditional lengthy processes, carbon emissions can be reduced. We also hope that steel possesses long-lasting performance and high structural integrity.

This Special Issue aims to provide a platform for researchers to share their latest findings and innovative advancements in the field of high-performance steels. We welcome submissions from various disciplines, including but not limited to the following: understanding of the microstructure and properties of high-performance steel, maximization and optimization of the mechanical properties of high-performance steels through tailoring the microstructure, synergistic design of novel microstructure achieving high-performance of steels, manufacturing and enhancement of high-performance/multi-functional components, green and efficient processing technologies, as well as wear resistance, fatigue resistance, creep, and damage resistance of steel.

Prof. Dr. Fei Yin
Prof. Dr. Lin Hua
Prof. Dr. Jian Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • high-performance steel
  • mechanical behavior
  • microstructure evolution
  • design and manufacturing
  • strengthening
  • efficient processing technologies
  • wear resistance
  • fatigue

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 10131 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Ti and Mo Microalloying on Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance of Ultra-High Strength Medium Mn Steel
by Pujunhuan Zhang, Yang Zhao, Jianglong Pan, Weizhuo Hao, Shuyi Wang and Minghui Cai
Metals 2025, 15(4), 397; https://doi.org/10.3390/met15040397 - 1 Apr 2025
Viewed by 232
Abstract
This study elucidated the effect of Ti–Mo microalloying on the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) resistance and fracture behavior of warm-rolled Fe-5.6Mn-0.16C-1Al (wt%) steel. After intercritical annealing, both steels, i.e., without and with Ti–Mo microalloying, showed ultrafine ferrite (α) and austenite (γ [...] Read more.
This study elucidated the effect of Ti–Mo microalloying on the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) resistance and fracture behavior of warm-rolled Fe-5.6Mn-0.16C-1Al (wt%) steel. After intercritical annealing, both steels, i.e., without and with Ti–Mo microalloying, showed ultrafine ferrite (α) and austenite (γR) duplex microstructure. The addition of Ti–Mo to 5.6Mn steel reduces the volume fraction of γR, facilitating the formation of (Ti, Mo)C carbides in α phase and further refining the final microstructure. The product of ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and total elongation (TEL) of 5.6MnTiMo can be as high as 35 GPa·% with an ultra-high yield strength of above 1.2 GPa. Furthermore, the addition of Ti–Mo also had a significant effect on the resistance to HE of medium Mn steels. Firstly, the limited (Ti, Mo)C carbides precipitated in γR could act as irreversibly trap sites to capture a considerable amount of H, effectively increasing the CH (Diffusible Hydrogen Content). Additionally, 5.6MnTiMo displayed higher γR stability, resulting in a reduced susceptibility to HE. The H-assisted microcracks mainly formed inside γ(α′) and extended along γ(α′) grain boundaries, leading to intergranular cracking and premature fracture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in High-Performance Steel)
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19 pages, 2865 KiB  
Article
A Study of the Corrosion Behavior of AHSS Complex-Phase CP 780 Employing an Electrochemical Noise Technique Analyzed by Different Methods
by Maria Lara-Banda, Facundo Almeraya-Calderón, Jesús Manuel Jáquez-Muñoz, Demetrio Nieves-Mendoza, Miguel Angel Baltazar-Zamora, Javier Olguín-Coca, Francisco Estupiñan-Lopez, Jose Cabral Miramontes, Griselda Santiago-Hurtado and Citlalli Gaona-Tiburcio
Metals 2025, 15(1), 59; https://doi.org/10.3390/met15010059 - 11 Jan 2025
Viewed by 842
Abstract
The automotive industry employs structural steels with E-coats to reduce weight and increase the corrosion resistance of chassis, reducing CO2 emissions. Due to their mechanical properties, part of the chassis is a composite of advanced high-strength steels (AHSS). AHSSs are coated by [...] Read more.
The automotive industry employs structural steels with E-coats to reduce weight and increase the corrosion resistance of chassis, reducing CO2 emissions. Due to their mechanical properties, part of the chassis is a composite of advanced high-strength steels (AHSS). AHSSs are coated by conversion methods such as phosphate to increase epoxy coating adherence and corrosion resistance. The main point of this research is to characterize an AHSS complex-phase (CP) 780 in blank, with a phosphate coating and an E-coat organic coating using electrochemical noise, employing time-domain, frequency-domain, time–frequency-domain, and chaotic system methods to determine the type and corrosion kinetics of each system. The electrochemical noise technique was made with a conventional three-electrode cell, using a saturated calomel as a reference electrode. Data were recorded at 1024 s, at 1 data per second in a 3.5 wt. % NaCl electrolyte, according to ASTM G199-09. The results show how AHSS CP 780 presented uniform corrosion, similarly to the phosphate sample; however, the E-coat presented a trend of a localized process when analyzed by Wavelets transform. On the other hand, corrosion resistance increased for the E-coat sample, with values of 2.58 × 106 Ω·cm2. According to the results of the research, all the samples are susceptible to present localized corrosion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in High-Performance Steel)
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Review

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32 pages, 7537 KiB  
Review
Hydrogen Embrittlement of Galvanized Press-Hardened Steels: A Review
by Tomáš Kročil, Nikola Macháčková, Tomáš Prošek, Thomas Steck and Reza Sharif
Metals 2024, 14(11), 1285; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14111285 - 12 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1512
Abstract
Press-hardened steels (PHS), as an alternative to traditional steels and aluminum alloys, combine great mechanical performance with low manufacturing costs. PHS are martensitic steels with ultimate tensile strength (UTS) up to 2000 MPa. These steels are commonly coated with zinc-based coatings (PHS GI) [...] Read more.
Press-hardened steels (PHS), as an alternative to traditional steels and aluminum alloys, combine great mechanical performance with low manufacturing costs. PHS are martensitic steels with ultimate tensile strength (UTS) up to 2000 MPa. These steels are commonly coated with zinc-based coatings (PHS GI) consisting of multiple Zn–Fe phases to enhance corrosion resistance. However, similar to all high-strength steels, PHS are known for their elevated susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement (HE). Absorption of atomic hydrogen into the steel lattice can lead to a transition from a ductile to a brittle fracture mechanism and decrease the stress necessary for fracture initiation. This review examines the microstructure of PHS GI with a focus on how the manufacturing process influences key parameters of the coating. The material’s susceptibility to HE is discussed in the following sections, along with the potential for hydrogen introduction through corrosion in atmospheric environments. The relationship between the content of hydrogen and its effects on fracture behavior is discussed, along with the corrosion behavior of PHS GI. The potential areas for future research and development of PHS GI with increased HE resistance are proposed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in High-Performance Steel)
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