Effects of Secondary Plant Metabolites on Human Health

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (17 April 2026) | Viewed by 3470

Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia
Interests: secondary plant metabolites; polyphenols; antioxidants; public health

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Guest Editor
Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia
Interests: women's health; cancer; obesity; diet

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plant species must synthesize many chemical compounds—phytochemicals—to ensure survival. Most of these compounds are classified as secondary plant metabolites. The synthesis of phytochemicals is highly dependent on the growth conditions of plant species. Consequently, nature provides us with an enormous number of chemical compounds with significant structural variety. Since its beginnings, humanity has used medicinal plants whose positive effects are due to the presence of some secondary metabolites. There is a tradition of obtaining antitumor compounds from plant species, such as taxol from Taxus brevifolia or vinca alkaloids from Catharanthus roseus, or anti-inflammatory and antioxidative compounds such as flavones from Heterotheca inuloides. As it is known that anti-inflammatory processes are intricately linked to the onset of tumor processes, studying plant-derived compounds to better understand their functions and mechanisms of action is essential, representing an exciting area of research with a wide range of applications. Your research in this area has the potential to significantly impact human health, and we invite you to publish your latest findings in this Special Issue dedicated to secondary plant metabolites related to human health.

Dr. Beáta Čižmárová
Dr. Anna Birková
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • human health
  • inflammation
  • cancer
  • obesity
  • antioxidants
  • phytochemicals
  • phytoestrogens
  • secondary metabolites
  • natural products

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 860 KB  
Article
Differential Effects of Turmeric Bioactive Compounds on Neuroinflammation and Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Brain Regions in a Rodent Model of Neuropathic Pain
by Xiaobo Liu, Julianna M. Santos, Takaki Kiritoshi, Guangchen Ji, Volker Neugebauer and Chwan-Li Shen
Metabolites 2026, 16(7), 442; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo16070442 - 25 Jun 2026
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Abstract
Background: Managing neuropathic pain (NP) is particularly challenging in the context of opioid use, and the mechanisms behind chronic pain remain unclear. Objective: This study evaluated the impact of turmeric bioactive compounds on brain regions including frontal cortex (FC), hippocampus (HPC), and hypothalamus [...] Read more.
Background: Managing neuropathic pain (NP) is particularly challenging in the context of opioid use, and the mechanisms behind chronic pain remain unclear. Objective: This study evaluated the impact of turmeric bioactive compounds on brain regions including frontal cortex (FC), hippocampus (HPC), and hypothalamus (HPT) in the spinal nerve ligation (SNL) in a rat model of NP. Methods: Twenty-four SD rats were assigned to four groups (N = 6 per group), namely sham+vehicle (Sham-V), SNL+vehicle (SNL-V), SNL + 100 mg/kg curcumin (SNL+100CUR), and SNL + 50 mg/kg bisdemethoxycurcumin (SNL+50BDMC), treated daily for four weeks via oral gavage. Gene expression levels related to neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial homeostasis were measured using qRT-PCR. Protein-level or functional mitochondrial assays were not performed due to limited sample availability. Results: In the FC, SNL decreased the expression level of NRF1 and OPA1, but only OPA1 was increased by BDMC. In the HPC, SNL increased CD11b, NRF2, and MFN1; BDMC decreased CD11b and increased IBA1, NRF1, TFAM, PGC1α and Complex I; and CUR increased NRF1, TFAM, DRP1 and Complex I levels. In the HPT, SNL decreased GFAP and MFN1, with CUR and BDMC further decreasing GFAP but not affecting MFN1. Additionally, CUR and BDMC decreased the expression of several key markers of neuroimmune signaling and mitochondrial homeostasis, including IBA1, CD11b, NFkB, NRF1/2, DRP1, OPA1, PGC1α, TFAM, and PINK1. Conclusions: CUR and BDMC induced region-specific transcriptional remodeling of mitochondrial homeostasis across FC, HPC, and HPT in SNL rats, with somewhat limited effects in the FC, mixed effects in the HPC, and broader downregulation in the HPT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Secondary Plant Metabolites on Human Health)
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16 pages, 1716 KB  
Article
Flavonoids and Sesquiterpene Lactones from Lychnophora ericoides (Arnica-Do-Cerrado) and Their In Vitro Effects on Multiple Myeloma and Acute Myeloid Leukemia
by Calisto Moreno Cardenas, Ren Ove Kratzert, Sofie Hanifle, Elida Cleyse Gomes da Mata Kanzaki, Isamu Kanzaki, Brigitte Kircher and Serhat Sezai Çiçek
Metabolites 2025, 15(8), 542; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo15080542 - 9 Aug 2025
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Abstract
Objectives: Multiple myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia are severe forms of blood cancer, which lack effective therapies for treatment. In our search for new chemical lead structures from nature, we were investigating the Brazilian medicinal plant arnica-do-cerrado (Lychnophora ericoides). Methods: Repeated [...] Read more.
Objectives: Multiple myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia are severe forms of blood cancer, which lack effective therapies for treatment. In our search for new chemical lead structures from nature, we were investigating the Brazilian medicinal plant arnica-do-cerrado (Lychnophora ericoides). Methods: Repeated chromatography led to the isolation of four flavonoids and three sesquiterpenoids, which were evaluated for their cytostatic and cytotoxic properties against HL-60, MOLM-13, AMO-1, and KMS-12 PE cancer cells as well as the non-malignant HS-5 cell line. Results: Whereas the isolated flavonoids displayed only moderate activity, the three sesquiterpene lactones goyazensolide, centratherin, and lychnopholide exhibited pronounced effects against all four tested cell lines. Goyazensolide was the most effective compound, inhibiting proliferation and metabolic activity with IC50 values between 1.0 and 1.6 µM, as well as 1.0 to 2.0 µM, respectively. Centratherin and lychnopholide were somewhat less active but showed higher selectivity towards malignant cell lines, which was most pronounced for MOLM-13 cells. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed interesting natural products that will be further evaluated for their potential as new lead compounds for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Secondary Plant Metabolites on Human Health)
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Review

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27 pages, 3122 KB  
Review
Exploring the Health Effects of Phytoestrogens
by Vladimír Kraus, Anna Birková, Miroslava Majerníková and Beáta Čižmárová
Metabolites 2026, 16(6), 410; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo16060410 - 12 Jun 2026
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Phytoestrogens are secondary plant metabolites produced via the phenylpropanoid pathway. They include a broad spectrum of chemical compounds, such as phenolics, flavonoids, isoflavones, coumestans, lignans, and others. Their chemical structures resemble those of estradiol, and they exhibit biological effects similar to those [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Phytoestrogens are secondary plant metabolites produced via the phenylpropanoid pathway. They include a broad spectrum of chemical compounds, such as phenolics, flavonoids, isoflavones, coumestans, lignans, and others. Their chemical structures resemble those of estradiol, and they exhibit biological effects similar to those of human estrogens, influencing many physiological processes throughout life in both men and women—including the timing and progression of puberty. Methods: The literature search included databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar with the use of specific keywords. Studies were considered eligible if they reported original findings from observational studies (cohort, case–control, and cross-sectional) or from experimental studies. Results: Phytoestrogens can modulate estrogenic activity and interact with a variety of biological pathways. These compounds may play a role in human development and pubertal processes, contribute to overall health, and potentially help alleviate menopausal symptoms and reduce the risk of certain cancers. Conclusions: Phytoestrogens have numerous positive effects on the human body across various stages of life. Their overall impact and potency, however, seem to be influenced by factors such as intake level, individual genetic variability, and the specific phytoestrogen class consumed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Secondary Plant Metabolites on Human Health)
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