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Advances in Magnetic Materials and Magneto-Elastic Sensors
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Advances in Magnetic Materials and Magneto-Elastic Sensors

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Electronic Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2020) | Viewed by 15648

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jon Gutiérrez Etxebarria

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
1. Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
2. BCMaterials (Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures), UPV/EHU Scientific Park, Bldg. Martina Casiano, 3rd Floor, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
Interests: magnetoelasticity and magnetostriction (materials and applications in sensors); magnetic nano-composites (fluids and elastomers)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Andoni Lasheras

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
Interests: ferromagnetic materials fabrication; ferromagnetic materials characterization; magnetostrictive and magnetoelastic materials; magnetoelectric sensors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Magnetic materials have been, are and will always be a hot topic for the condensed matter and applied physics research community. There is continuous research not only into the composition, structures or nanostructures of new magnetic materials, but also into their wide spectrum of application as sensors and actuators. The ability these materials show to change their magnetic state under the application of many external stimuli make them very attractive for scientists and engineers. Clear and well-known examples include the change in the magnetoelastic resonance frequency under loading with extremely low masses of targeted molecules or the change in the measured electrical impedance of a magnetic material under the action of an external magnetic field that can be generated from the presence of nanoparticles. Both cases demonstrate an extremely high sensitivity to external perturbances just by choosing an appropriate magnetic material as the sensor element.

Thus, this Special Issue is aimed at providing researchers with a survey of the recent progress in magnetic materials and their applications, with a special emphasis on magnetoelasticity phenomenon-based sensors. The articles presented within will cover a wide range of related topics, from magnetic materials preparation (ribbons, thin layers, multilayers, nanoparticles and nanostructures) and characterization, to their various practical applications in sensors for physical parameters (such as humidity, pressure, electrical current, etc.), chemical substances (as inorganic salts or analytes), biological molecules (as proteins, bacteria or other types of pathogens), gases (VOCs and hazardous gases), and so on. For these sensing purposes, magnetic materials can be used in their as-prepared state or after a specific functionalization of the magnetic material. All these aspects will be covered in this Special Issue.

This broad perspective deals not only with classic but also the most modern applications, such as in biomedicine, a research field in which magnetic nanomaterials for hyperthermia and cancer treatment purposes or magnetoelectric core/shell type nanoparticles for drug delivery and release are nowadays a hot topic. This Special Issue will provide an overview of what is currently being explored in magnetic materials for sensing purposes.

Prof. Dr. Jon Gutiérrez Etxebarria
Dr. Andoni Lasheras Aransay
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Magnetostrictive and magnetoelastic materials for sensing applications
  • Thin film and multilayered magnetic materials for sensing applications
  • Magnetic nanoparticles and nanostructures for sensing applications
  • Advances in magnetic materials for sensing applications

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4188 KiB  
Article
Improved Determination of Q Quality Factor and Resonance Frequency in Sensors Based on the Magnetoelastic Resonance Through the Fitting to Analytical Expressions
by Beatriz Sisniega, Jon Gutiérrez, Virginia Muto and Alfredo García-Arribas
Materials 2020, 13(21), 4708; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13214708 - 22 Oct 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1960
Abstract
The resonance quality factor Q is a key parameter that describes the performance of magnetoelastic sensors. Its value can be easily quantified from the width and the peak position of the resonance curve but, when the resonance signals are small, for instance when [...] Read more.
The resonance quality factor Q is a key parameter that describes the performance of magnetoelastic sensors. Its value can be easily quantified from the width and the peak position of the resonance curve but, when the resonance signals are small, for instance when a lot of damping is present (low quality factor), this and other simple methods to determine this parameter are highly inaccurate. In these cases, numerical fittings of the resonance curves allow to accurately obtain the value of the quality factor. We present a study of the use of different expressions to numerically fit the resonance curves of a magnetoelastic sensor that is designed to monitor the precipitation reaction of calcium oxalate. The study compares the performance of both fittings and the equivalence of the parameters obtained in each of them. Through these numerical fittings, the evolution of the different parameters that define the resonance curve of these sensors is studied, and their accuracy in determining the quality factor is compared. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Magnetic Materials and Magneto-Elastic Sensors)
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13 pages, 3836 KiB  
Article
Weak Antilocalization Tailor-Made by System Topography in Large Scale Bismuth Antidot Arrays
by Michal Krupinski, Arkadiusz Zarzycki, Yevhen Zabila and Marta Marszałek
Materials 2020, 13(15), 3246; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13153246 - 22 Jul 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1748
Abstract
Using a two-carriers model and the Hikami-Larkin-Nagaoka (HLN) theory, we investigate the influence of large area patterning on magnetotransport properties in bismuth thin films with a thickness of 50 nm. The patterned systems have been produced by means of nanospheres lithography complemented by [...] Read more.
Using a two-carriers model and the Hikami-Larkin-Nagaoka (HLN) theory, we investigate the influence of large area patterning on magnetotransport properties in bismuth thin films with a thickness of 50 nm. The patterned systems have been produced by means of nanospheres lithography complemented by RF-plasma etching leading to highly ordered antidot arrays with the hexagonal symmetry and a variable antidot size. Simultaneous measurements of transverse and longitudinal magnetoresistance in a broad temperature range provided comprehensive data on transport properties and enabled us to extract the values of charge carrier densities and mobilities. Weak antilocalization signatures observed at low temperatures provided information on spin-orbit scattering length ranging from 20 to 30 nm, elastic scattering length of approx. 60 nm, and strong dependence on temperature phase coherence length. We show that in the absence of antidots the charge carrier transport follow 2-dimensional behavior and the dimensionality for phase-coherent processes changes from two to three dimensions at temperature higher than 10 K. For the antidot arrays, however, a decrease of the power law dephasing exponent is observed which is a sign of the 1D-2D crossover caused by the geometry of the system. This results in changes of scattering events probability and phase coherence lengths depending on the antidot diameters, which opens up opportunity to tailor the magnetotransport characteristics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Magnetic Materials and Magneto-Elastic Sensors)
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13 pages, 4575 KiB  
Article
Magnetoimpedance and Stress-Impedance Effects in Amorphous CoFeSiB Ribbons at Elevated Temperatures
by Dmitriy A. Bukreev, Michael S. Derevyanko, Alexey A. Moiseev, Alexander V. Semirov, Peter A. Savin and Galina V. Kurlyandskaya
Materials 2020, 13(14), 3216; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13143216 - 19 Jul 2020
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 2556
Abstract
The temperature dependencies of magnetoimpedance (MI) and stress impedance (SI) were analyzed both in the as-quenched soft magnetic Co68.5Fe4Si15B12.5 ribbons and after their heat treatment at 425 K for 8 h. It was found that MI [...] Read more.
The temperature dependencies of magnetoimpedance (MI) and stress impedance (SI) were analyzed both in the as-quenched soft magnetic Co68.5Fe4Si15B12.5 ribbons and after their heat treatment at 425 K for 8 h. It was found that MI shows weak changes under the influence of mechanical stresses in the temperature range of 295–325 K and SI does not exceed 10%. At higher temperatures, the MI changes significantly under the influence of mechanical stresses, and SI variations reach 30%. Changes in the magnetoelastic properties for the different temperatures were taken into consideration for the discussion of the observed MI and SI responses. The solutions for the problem of thermal stability of the magnetic sensors working on the principles of MI or SI were discussed taking into account the joint contributions of the temperature and the applied mechanical stresses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Magnetic Materials and Magneto-Elastic Sensors)
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13 pages, 3494 KiB  
Article
Giant Stress Impedance Magnetoelastic Sensors Employing Soft Magnetic Amorphous Ribbons
by Juan Jesús Beato-López, Juan Garikoitz Urdániz-Villanueva, José Ignacio Pérez-Landazábal and Cristina Gómez-Polo
Materials 2020, 13(9), 2175; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13092175 - 8 May 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 2201
Abstract
Soft magnetic amorphous alloys obtained via rapid quenching techniques are widely employed in different technological fields such as magnetic field detection, bio labeling, non-contact positioning, etc. Among them, magnetoelastic applications stand out due to excellent mechanical properties exhibited by these alloys, resulting from [...] Read more.
Soft magnetic amorphous alloys obtained via rapid quenching techniques are widely employed in different technological fields such as magnetic field detection, bio labeling, non-contact positioning, etc. Among them, magnetoelastic applications stand out due to excellent mechanical properties exhibited by these alloys, resulting from their amorphous structure, namely, their high Young modulus and high tensile strength. In particular, the giant stress impedance (GSI) effect represents a powerful tool to develop highly sensitive magnetoelastic sensors. This effect is based on the changes in the high-frequency electric impedance as the result of the variation in magnetic permeability of the sample under the action of mechanical stresses. In this work, the GSI effect is analyzed in two soft magnetic ribbons ((Co0.93 Fe0.07)75 Si12.5 B12.5 and (Co0.95 Fe0.05)75 Si12.5 B12.5) for the subsequent development of two practical devices: (i) the characterization of the variations in the cross-section dimensions of irregularly shaped elements, and (ii) the design of a flow meter for measuring the rate of flow of water through a pipe. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Magnetic Materials and Magneto-Elastic Sensors)
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16 pages, 13951 KiB  
Article
Nanocrystallization in FINEMET-Type Fe73.5Nb3Cu1Si13.5B9 and Fe72.5Nb1.5Mo2Cu1.1Si14.2B8.7 Thin Films
by Evgeniya A. Mikhalitsyna, Vasiliy A. Kataev, Aitor Larrañaga, Vladimir N. Lepalovskij and Galina V. Kurlyandskaya
Materials 2020, 13(2), 348; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13020348 - 12 Jan 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3098
Abstract
A growing variety of microelectronic devices and magnetic field sensors as well as a trend of miniaturization demands the development of low-dimensional magnetic materials and nanostructures. Among them, soft magnetic thin films of Finemet alloys are appropriate materials for sensor and actuator devices. [...] Read more.
A growing variety of microelectronic devices and magnetic field sensors as well as a trend of miniaturization demands the development of low-dimensional magnetic materials and nanostructures. Among them, soft magnetic thin films of Finemet alloys are appropriate materials for sensor and actuator devices. Therefore, one of the important directions of the research is the optimization of thin film magnetic properties. In this study, the structural transformations of the Fe73.5Nb3Cu1Si13.5B9 and Fe72.5Nb1.5Mo2Cu1.1Si14.2B8.7 films of 100, 150 and 200 nm thicknesses were comparatively analyzed together with their magnetic properties and magnetic anisotropy. The thin films were prepared using the ion-plasma sputtering technique. The crystallization process was studied by certified X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The kinetics of crystallization was observed due to the temperature X-ray diffraction (TDX) analysis. Magnetic properties of the films were studied by the magneto-optical Kerr microscopy. Based on the TDX data the delay of the onset crystallization of the films with its thickness decreasing was shown. Furthermore, the onset crystallization of the 150 and 200 nm films began at the temperature of about 400–420 °C showing rapid grain growth up to the size of 16–20 nm. The best magnetic properties of the films were formed after crystallization after the heat treatment at 350–400 °C when the stress relaxation took place. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Magnetic Materials and Magneto-Elastic Sensors)
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11 pages, 2388 KiB  
Article
Polyacrylamide Ferrogels with Ni Nanowires
by Alexander P. Safronov, Bethanie J. H. Stadler, Joseph Um, Mohammad Reza Zamani Kouhpanji, Javier Alonso Masa, Andrey G. Galyas and Galina V. Kurlyandskaya
Materials 2019, 12(16), 2582; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12162582 - 13 Aug 2019
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 3352
Abstract
Nickel magnetic nanowires (NWs) have attracted significant attention due to their unique properties, which are useful for basic studies and technological applications, for example in biomedicine. Their structure and magnetic properties were systematically studied in the recent years. In this work, Ni NWs [...] Read more.
Nickel magnetic nanowires (NWs) have attracted significant attention due to their unique properties, which are useful for basic studies and technological applications, for example in biomedicine. Their structure and magnetic properties were systematically studied in the recent years. In this work, Ni NWs with high aspect ratios (length/diameter ~250) were fabricated by electrodeposition into commercial anodic aluminum oxide templates. The templates were then etched and the NWs were suspended in water, where their hydrodynamic size was evaluated by dynamic light scattering. The magnetic response of these NWs as a function of an external magnetic field indicates a dominant shape anisotropy with propagation of the vortex domain wall as the main magnetization reversal process. The suspension of Ni NWs was used in the synthesis of two types of polyacrylamide ferrogels (FGs) by free radical polymerization, with weight fractions of Ni NWs in FGs of 0.036% and 0.169%. The FGs were reasonably homogeneous. The magnetic response of these FGs (hysteresis loops) indicated that the NWs are randomly oriented inside the FG, and their magnetic response remains stable after embedding. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Magnetic Materials and Magneto-Elastic Sensors)
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