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Materials Design for Energy Conversion and Storage
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Materials Design for Energy Conversion and Storage

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2021) | Viewed by 31559

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Inho Nam

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Energy Converting Soft Materials, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea
Interests: stretchable energy storages; solar energy conversion; nanomaterials; density functional theory calculations
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the rapid, worldwide growth in concern regarding renewable energy, the development of high efficiency, low-cost, and environmentally friendly energy conversion and storage systems has become a major challenge. In particular, there is an exceptionally high demand for advanced materials with a novel design and function that can overcome the current limitations of energy devices. Therefore, through this Special Issue, we are seeking impressive works that describe recent advances in micro/nanomaterials in relation to renewable energy storage and conversion processes. We welcome research papers, communications, and reviews from a broad range of topics related to micro/nanomaterials aiming at future energy resources, low-emission energy conversion, energy storage, energy efficiency, and many other related applications. High-quality manuscripts will be published in the Special Issue after rigorous peer-review. We will work hard towards the rapid and wide dissemination of your valuable research results, recent developments, and novel applications in the area of materials, and renewable energy storage and conversion.

Prof. Inho Nam
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Keywords

  • energy storage
  • energy conversion
  • nanotechnology

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 1565 KiB  
Article
Printable Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Solid-State Printed Supercapacitors
by Myeong-Lok Seol, Inho Nam, Ellie Sadatian, Nabanita Dutta, Jin-Woo Han and M. Meyyappan
Materials 2021, 14(2), 316; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14020316 - 9 Jan 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3677
Abstract
Supercapacitors prepared by printing allow a simple manufacturing process, easy customization, high material efficiency and wide substrate compatibility. While printable active layers have been widely studied, printable electrolytes have not been thoroughly investigated despite their importance. A printable electrolyte should not only have [...] Read more.
Supercapacitors prepared by printing allow a simple manufacturing process, easy customization, high material efficiency and wide substrate compatibility. While printable active layers have been widely studied, printable electrolytes have not been thoroughly investigated despite their importance. A printable electrolyte should not only have high ionic conductivity, but also proper viscosity, small particle size and chemical stability. Here, gel-polymer electrolytes (GPE) that are compatible with printing were developed and their electrochemical performance was analyzed. Five GPE formulations based on various polymer-conductive substance combinations were investigated. Among them, GPE made of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) polymer matrix and LiClO4 conductive substance exhibited the best electrochemical performance, with a gravimetric capacitance of 176.4 F/g and areal capacitance of 152.7 mF/cm2 at a potential scan rate of 10 mV/s. The in-depth study of the in-plane solid-state supercapacitors based on various printed GPEs suggests that printable electrolytes provide desirable attributes for high-performance printed energy devices such as supercapacitors, batteries, fuel cells and dye-sensitized solar cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials Design for Energy Conversion and Storage)
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9 pages, 5411 KiB  
Article
Graphitic Porous Carbon Derived from Waste Coffee Sludge for Energy Storage
by Hyeyoung Jung, Jihyeon Kang, Inho Nam and Sunyoung Bae
Materials 2020, 13(18), 3972; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13183972 - 8 Sep 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3880
Abstract
Coffee is one of the largest agricultural products; however, the majority of the produced coffee is discarded as waste sludge by beverage manufacturers. Herein, we report the use of graphitic porous carbon materials that have been derived from waste coffee sludge for developing [...] Read more.
Coffee is one of the largest agricultural products; however, the majority of the produced coffee is discarded as waste sludge by beverage manufacturers. Herein, we report the use of graphitic porous carbon materials that have been derived from waste coffee sludge for developing an energy storage electrode based on a hydrothermal recycling procedure. Waste coffee sludge is used as a carbonaceous precursor for energy storage due to its greater abundance, lower cost, and easier availability as compared to other carbon resources. The intrinsic fibrous structure of coffee sludge is based on cellulose and demonstrates enhanced ionic and electronic conductivities. The material is primarily composed of cellulose-based materials along with several heteroatoms; therefore, the waste sludge can be easily converted to functionalized carbon. The production of unique graphitic porous carbon by hydrothermal carbonization of coffee sludge is particularly attractive since it addresses waste handling issues, offers a cheaper recycling method, and reduces the requirement for landfills. Our investigations revealed that the graphitic porous carbon electrodes derived from coffee sludge provide a specific capacitance of 140 F g−1, with 97% retention of the charge storage capacity after 1500 cycles at current density of 0.3 A g−1. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials Design for Energy Conversion and Storage)
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13 pages, 3270 KiB  
Article
Solution-Blown Aligned Nanofiber Yarn and Its Application in Yarn-Shaped Supercapacitor
by Jingjing Yang, Zhaofei Mao, Ruiping Zheng, Hao Liu and Lei Shi
Materials 2020, 13(17), 3778; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13173778 - 26 Aug 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2856
Abstract
Yarn-shaped supercapacitors with great flexibility are highly anticipated for smart wearable devices. Herein, a device for continuously producing oriented nanofiber yarn based on solution blowing was invented, which was important for the nanofiber yarn electrode to realize mass production. Further, the yarn-shaped supercapacitor [...] Read more.
Yarn-shaped supercapacitors with great flexibility are highly anticipated for smart wearable devices. Herein, a device for continuously producing oriented nanofiber yarn based on solution blowing was invented, which was important for the nanofiber yarn electrode to realize mass production. Further, the yarn-shaped supercapacitor was assembled by the yarn electrode with the polypyrrole (PPy) grown on aligned carbon fiber bundles@Polyacrylonitrile nanofibers (CFs@PAN NFs). Electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of the yarn electrode can be improved by the carbon fiber bundles. The specific surface area of the yarn electrode can be enlarged by PPy. The yarn-shaped supercapacitors assembled by the PVA/LiCl/H3PO4 gel electrolyte showed high areal specific capacitance of 353 mF cm−2 at a current density of 0.1 A g−1, and the energy density was 48 μWh cm−2 when the power density was 247 μW cm−2. The supercapacitors also exhibited terrific cycle stability (82% after 20,000 cycles). We also proved that this yarn-shaped supercapacitor could easily power up the light emitting diode. This yarn-shaped supercapacitor was meaningful for the development of the smart wearable devices, especially when combined with clothing or fabrics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials Design for Energy Conversion and Storage)
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13 pages, 3138 KiB  
Article
Bead-Shaped Mesoporous Alumina Adsorbents for Adsorption of Ammonia
by Jiyull Kim, Hyeonkyeong Lee, Huyen Thanh Vo, Gwoungwoo Lee, Nayeon Kim, Sejin Jang and Ji Bong Joo
Materials 2020, 13(6), 1375; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13061375 - 18 Mar 2020
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 4298
Abstract
It is of great importance to remove toxic gases by efficient methods for recovering the atmosphere to safe levels. The adsorption of the toxic gas molecules on solid adsorbents is one of the most useful techniques because of its simple operation and economic [...] Read more.
It is of great importance to remove toxic gases by efficient methods for recovering the atmosphere to safe levels. The adsorption of the toxic gas molecules on solid adsorbents is one of the most useful techniques because of its simple operation and economic feasibility. Here, we report the uniform Bead-Shaped Mesoporous Alumina (BSMA) with tunable particle size for use as an adsorbent for removal of toxic ammonia. The BSMA particles with tunable diameters were synthesized by means of a sol–gel reaction of Al(NO3)3∙9H2O as an alumina precursor in the presence of chitosan as a template. When the ammonia solution is added dropwise to the prepared viscose mixture containing chitosan, acetic acid, and the alumina precursor solution, the sol–gel condensation reaction of the alumina precursor occurs in the chitosan polymer metrics, resulting in bead-shaped chitosan-aluminum hydroxide particles. Then, final Bead-Shaped Mesoporous Alumina (BSMA) particles are obtained by calcination at a high temperature. During the synthesis, changing the mole ratio of the chitosan template to the alumina precursor allowed the particle diameter of the final bead sample to be finely controlled. In addition, the prepared BSMA particles have well-developed mesoporous characteristics with relatively large surface areas, which are beneficial for adsorption of gas molecules. In an ammonia adsorption experiment, the BSMA-1.5 sample, which has the smallest particle diameter among the bead samples, was the best in terms of adsorption capacity. In this manuscript, we systemically discuss the relationship between the characteristics of BSMA samples and their adsorption of ammonia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials Design for Energy Conversion and Storage)
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Review

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37 pages, 8279 KiB  
Review
A Review of Functional Separators for Lithium Metal Battery Applications
by Jooyoung Jang, Jiwoong Oh, Hyebin Jeong, Woosuk Kang and Changshin Jo
Materials 2020, 13(20), 4625; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13204625 - 16 Oct 2020
Cited by 113 | Viewed by 11667
Abstract
Lithium metal batteries are considered “rough diamonds” in electrochemical energy storage systems. Li-metal anodes have the versatile advantages of high theoretical capacity, low density, and low reaction potential, making them feasible candidates for next-generation battery applications. However, unsolved problems, such as dendritic growths, [...] Read more.
Lithium metal batteries are considered “rough diamonds” in electrochemical energy storage systems. Li-metal anodes have the versatile advantages of high theoretical capacity, low density, and low reaction potential, making them feasible candidates for next-generation battery applications. However, unsolved problems, such as dendritic growths, high reactivity of Li-metal, low Coulombic efficiency, and safety hazards, still exist and hamper the improvement of cell performance and reliability. The use of functional separators is one of the technologies that can contribute to solving these problems. Recently, functional separators have been actively studied and developed. In this paper, we summarize trends in the research on separators and predict future prospects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials Design for Energy Conversion and Storage)
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18 pages, 2815 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in Biomolecule–Nanomaterial Heterolayer-Based Charge Storage Devices for Bioelectronic Applications
by Taek Lee, Soomin Kim, Jinmyeong Kim, Sang-Chan Park, Jinho Yoon, Chulhwan Park, Hiesang Sohn, Jae-Hyuk Ahn and Junhong Min
Materials 2020, 13(16), 3520; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13163520 - 10 Aug 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3980
Abstract
With the acceleration of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the development of information and communications technology requires innovative information storage devices and processing devices with low power and ultrahigh stability. Accordingly, bioelectronic devices have gained considerable attention as a promising alternative to silicon-based devices [...] Read more.
With the acceleration of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the development of information and communications technology requires innovative information storage devices and processing devices with low power and ultrahigh stability. Accordingly, bioelectronic devices have gained considerable attention as a promising alternative to silicon-based devices because of their various applications, including human-body-attached devices, biomaterial-based computation systems, and biomaterial–nanomaterial hybrid-based charge storage devices. Nanomaterial-based charge storage devices have witnessed considerable development owing to their similarity to conventional charge storage devices and their ease of applicability. The introduction of a biomaterial-to-nanomaterial-based system using a combination of biomolecules and nanostructures provides outstanding electrochemical, electrical, and optical properties that can be applied to the fabrication of charge storage devices. Here, we describe the recent advances in charge storage devices containing a biomolecule and nanoparticle heterolayer including (1) electrical resistive charge storage devices, (2) electrochemical biomemory devices, (3) field-effect transistors, and (4) biomemristors. Progress in biomolecule–nanomaterial heterolayer-based charge storage devices will lead to unprecedented opportunities for the integration of information and communications technology, biotechnology, and nanotechnology for the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials Design for Energy Conversion and Storage)
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