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Metallic Materials: Structure Transition, Processing, Characterization and Applications (Second Edition)
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Metallic Materials: Structure Transition, Processing, Characterization and Applications (Second Edition)

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2025 | Viewed by 2395

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jing Hu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
Interests: heat treatment; surface modification; surface chemical heat treatment; plasma nitriding; wear resistance
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Jinquan Sun

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
Interests: heat treatment; surface modification; surface chemical heat treatment; gas nitriding; wear resistance; failure analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to publish scientific papers on the topic “Metallic Materials: Structure Transition, Processing, Characterization and Applications”. Contributions may include original scientific articles concerned with fundamental and applied aspects of research or direct applications of metallic materials.

This Special Issue will provide readers with up-to-date information on the recent progress in the structure transition, processing, heat treatment, characterization and applications of metals. Papers submitted to this journal are expected to be in line with the following aspects of processes, properties, and performance:

  • Enhancing the related properties of metals through advanced element design;
  • Novel heat treatment technology for enhancing efficiency or related properties;
  • Novel surface modification technology;
  • Novel methodologies for characterization of the microstructure and properties;
  • Novel processing technology;
  • Failure analysis of metals.

Prof. Dr. Jing Hu
Prof. Dr. Jinquan Sun
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • heat treatment
  • surface modification
  • advanced element design
  • methodology
  • wear resistance
  • hardness
  • corrosion resistance
  • microstructure
  • failure analysis

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 11281 KiB  
Article
In Situ-Reinforced Phase Evolution and Mechanical Properties of CoCrFeNi High-Entropy Alloy Composite Coating on Q235B by Laser Cladding with Nb Addition
by Feimuyun Yang, Zhixuan Xiao, Zehuan Chen, Hongtao Jin, Chao Gao and Jiang Huang
Materials 2025, 18(7), 1572; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18071572 - 31 Mar 2025
Viewed by 205
Abstract
Q235B is widely used in marine engineering materials; however, its wear resistance and corrosion resistance are poor. To improve wear and corrosion resistance, a CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) composite coating was cladded using laser cladding (LC) technology. Different proportions of tungsten carbide (WC) [...] Read more.
Q235B is widely used in marine engineering materials; however, its wear resistance and corrosion resistance are poor. To improve wear and corrosion resistance, a CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) composite coating was cladded using laser cladding (LC) technology. Different proportions of tungsten carbide (WC) and Nb elements were added to the CoCrFeNi HEA coating, and the microstructure, phase, hardness, wear, and corrosion resistance of three different composite coatings were analyzed. The results show that the in situ synthetic phase is composed of Face central cubic (FCC) (Cr3C2) and strengthening phases such as W, WC, and NbC. In the process of LC, Nb will react with WC in situ, which not only reduces the morphology of the CoCrFeNi HEA cladding coating changed by adding WC, but also generates NbC, which leads to the dissolution of WC particles and improves the uniformity of particle distribution of the coating. The hardness of the coating with Nb is increased by 1.40 times, the wear resistance is enhanced, and the peeling of the hard phase is reduced during wear. The corrosion resistance of the coating with only WC particles is the best. Nb reduces the morphology of CoCrFeNi HEA cladding coating changed by WC particles. Although the coating with Nb is not as strong as that with WC particles only, it has outstanding hardness and wear resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metallic Materials: Structure Transition, Processing, Characterization and Applications (Second Edition))
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16 pages, 3490 KiB  
Article
Artificial Neural Network Modeling of Ti-6Al-4V Alloys to Correlate Their Microstructure and Mechanical Properties
by Anoop Kumar Maurya, Pasupuleti Lakshmi Narayana, Jong-Taek Yeom, Jae-Keun Hong and Nagireddy Gari Subba Reddy
Materials 2025, 18(5), 1099; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18051099 - 28 Feb 2025
Viewed by 398
Abstract
The heat treatment process of Ti-6Al-4V alloy alters its microstructural features such as prior-β grain size, Widmanstatten α lath thickness, Widmanstatten α volume fraction, grain boundary α lath thickness, total α volume fraction, α colony size, and α platelet length. These microstructural features [...] Read more.
The heat treatment process of Ti-6Al-4V alloy alters its microstructural features such as prior-β grain size, Widmanstatten α lath thickness, Widmanstatten α volume fraction, grain boundary α lath thickness, total α volume fraction, α colony size, and α platelet length. These microstructural features affect the material’s mechanical properties (UTS, YS, and %EL). The relationship between microstructural features and mechanical properties is very complex and non-linear. To understand these relationships, we developed an artificial neural network (ANN) model using experimental datasets. The microstructural features are used as input parameters to feed the model and the mechanical properties (UTS, YS, and %EL) are the output parameters. The influence of microstructural parameters was investigated by the index of relative importance (IRI). The mean edge length, colony scale factor, α lath thickness, and volume fraction affect UTS more. The model-predicted results show that the UTS of Ti-6Al-4V decreases with the increase in prior β grain size, Widmanstatten α lath thickness, grain boundaries α thickness, colony scale factor, and UTS increases with mean edge length. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metallic Materials: Structure Transition, Processing, Characterization and Applications (Second Edition))
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10 pages, 3233 KiB  
Communication
The Effect of Different Thermomechanical Treatments on the Metastable Phase in a Cu-Ni-Be Alloy
by Jinwen Xu, Qinde Yuan, Junbo Jia, Tianhong Wang, Yubo Shen and Zhiyuan Zhu
Materials 2025, 18(4), 839; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18040839 - 14 Feb 2025
Viewed by 397
Abstract
This study primarily investigated the microstructural and mechanical properties of Cu-Ni-Be alloys subjected to thermomechanical treatments at 30% and 75% deformation levels. Precipitates in Cu-Ni-Be alloys are dominated by Ni-Be phases. The misfit between the Ni-Be phase/Cu interface is 0.12%. Experimental observations have [...] Read more.
This study primarily investigated the microstructural and mechanical properties of Cu-Ni-Be alloys subjected to thermomechanical treatments at 30% and 75% deformation levels. Precipitates in Cu-Ni-Be alloys are dominated by Ni-Be phases. The misfit between the Ni-Be phase/Cu interface is 0.12%. Experimental observations have revealed the existence of three classical orientation relationships between precipitates and the matrix: (110)p//(100)α; [110]p//[001]α, (110)p//(010)α; [110]p//[001]α, and (110)p//(100)α; [001]p//[001]α (p: precipitates, α: α-Cu supersaturated solid solution). Additionally, a fourth orientation relationship, (110)p//(1-1-1)α; [110]gp//[1-1-1]α (gp: Guinier–Preston), induced by deformation, has also been identified. The width of the second phase was found to be two to three atomic layers. Under 75% deformation, a substantial amount of the γ′ phase emerged at grain boundaries. Notably, at neither 30% nor 75% deformation levels were prominent cellular structures observed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metallic Materials: Structure Transition, Processing, Characterization and Applications (Second Edition))
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19 pages, 12840 KiB  
Article
Relationship between Texture, Hydrogen Content, Residual Stress and Corrosion Resistance of Electrodeposited Chromium Coating: Influence of Heat Treatment
by Jinghan Yang, Pengfei Ji, Xuemei Yang, Linyang Wu, Xiaoyun Ding, Jin Zhang, Yong Lian, Shitao Dou, Liming Jiang and Biliang Zhang
Materials 2024, 17(16), 4142; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17164142 - 21 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1054
Abstract
Electrodeposited chromium plating continues to be widely used in a number of specialized areas, such as weapons, transport, aerospace, etc. However, the formation of texture, hydrogen content and residual stress can degrade the serviceability and lead to material failure. The effect of post [...] Read more.
Electrodeposited chromium plating continues to be widely used in a number of specialized areas, such as weapons, transport, aerospace, etc. However, the formation of texture, hydrogen content and residual stress can degrade the serviceability and lead to material failure. The effect of post heat treatment processes on the relationship of texture, hydrogen content, residual stress and corrosion resistance of hexavalent [Cr(VI)] chromium coatings deposited on Cr–Ni–Mo–V steel substrates was investigated. Macrotexture was measured by XRD. Microtexture, dislocation density and grain size were studied by EBSD. With the increase of the heat treatment temperature, it was found that the fiber texture strength of the (222) plane tended to increase and subsequently decrease. Below 600 °C, the increase in the (222) plane texture carried a decrease in the hydrogen content, residual stress, microhardness and an increase in the corrosion resistance. In addition, crack density and texture strength were less affected by the heat treatment time. Notably, relatively fewer crack densities of 219/cm2, a lower corrosion current density of 1.798 × 10−6 A/dm2 and a higher microhardness of 865 HV were found under the preferred heat treatment temperature and time of 380 °C and 4 h, respectively. The hydrogen content and residual stress were 7.63 ppm and 61 MPa, with 86% and 75% reduction rates compared to the as-plated state, respectively. In conclusion, in our future judgement of the influence of heat treatment on coating properties, we can screen or determine to a certain extent whether the heat treatment process is reasonable or not by measuring only the macrotexture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metallic Materials: Structure Transition, Processing, Characterization and Applications (Second Edition))
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