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Microstructures and Properties of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys
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Microstructures and Properties of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2025 | Viewed by 4441

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yu Cao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
Interests: corrosion-resistant alloy; plastic deformation behaviour; microstructure characterization; microstructure property
Dr. Rui Luo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Interests: hot working; heat treatment; microstructure; mechanical properties; constitutive equation; superalloy
Dr. Chi Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Interests: high-performance stainless steel; texture evolution; plastic processing; multi-scale modelling and simulation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aim of this Special Issue, “Microstructures and Properties of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys”, is to collect research on the latest developments in material properties and characterization, pure/applied corrosion, and the advanced understanding of thermo-mechanical processing. We also welcome papers about the heat treatment, modelling and simulation of alloys.

Authors are invited to present their research using novel approaches related to the properties and microstructures of metals and alloys that affect their mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and other properties.

We aim to publish original peer-reviewed papers in the field of corrosion, forming an important link between material scholars and scientists, as well as with all investigators of metallic materials for various demanding applications.

As Guest Editors, we kindly invite you to contribute both original articles and review works on this topic that deal with the characterization and corrosion resistance evaluation of metals and alloys.

Dr. Yu Cao
Dr. Rui Luo
Dr. Chi Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • corrosion-resistant alloy
  • microstructure characterization
  • mechanical property
  • thermo-mechanical processing
  • heat treatment
  • modelling and simulation

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 8754 KiB  
Article
Investigating Fireside Corrosion Behavior and Mechanism of Low-Alloy Water Wall Tube of Ultra-Supercritical Power Plant
by Yifan Ni, Weijie Weng, Zuogui Zhang, Jianning Li and Chenghao Fan
Materials 2025, 18(7), 1666; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18071666 - 4 Apr 2025
Viewed by 272
Abstract
The corrosion thinning behavior and mechanism of low-alloy water wall tubes of an ultra-supercritical power plant was investigated via SEM, EPMA, XRD, TEM, and laboratory simulation experiments. Fireside corrosion was first initiated by chemical potential- and concentration-governed transportation and diffusion, sequentially facilitated by [...] Read more.
The corrosion thinning behavior and mechanism of low-alloy water wall tubes of an ultra-supercritical power plant was investigated via SEM, EPMA, XRD, TEM, and laboratory simulation experiments. Fireside corrosion was first initiated by chemical potential- and concentration-governed transportation and diffusion, sequentially facilitated by sensitization, which was observed by TEM in terms of the carbide matrix precipitation on the grain boundary, and finally accelerated by the kinetic controlled growth, leading to the final thinning behavior. Laboratory experiments revealed that the reduced atmosphere corrosion kinetic simulation followed the linear law, as well as a different corrosion scale structure layer, compared to the furnace corrosion sample; the reduced atmosphere condition in the laboratory experiment inhibited the oxidation process and layer growth. The frequent shift between the oxidizing and reducing properties of the atmosphere around the water wall tubes during boiler operation may contribute to the delaminated oxidation layer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructures and Properties of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys)
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19 pages, 12094 KiB  
Article
Strain Dependent Evolution of Microstructure and Texture During Cold Rolling of Ferritic Stainless Steel: Experiments and Visco-Plastic Self-Consistent Modeling
by Jibin Pei, Shilong Wei, Qing Zhang, Xiufang Ji, Chi Zhang and Luyang Miao
Materials 2025, 18(5), 995; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18050995 - 24 Feb 2025
Viewed by 311
Abstract
In the present work, the microstructure and texture evolution of ferritic stainless steel during unidirectional cold rolling were investigated, and the Visco-Plastic Self-Consistent (VPSC) polycrystal model was used for the simulation of texture during cold rolling. Comparison of different interaction models was made [...] Read more.
In the present work, the microstructure and texture evolution of ferritic stainless steel during unidirectional cold rolling were investigated, and the Visco-Plastic Self-Consistent (VPSC) polycrystal model was used for the simulation of texture during cold rolling. Comparison of different interaction models was made to obtain a model that better reproduces the texture evolution of ferritic stainless steels. The as-received hot-rolled samples were unidirectionally cold rolled in a laboratory rolling mill, and the thickness was reduced by 30%, 60% and 80%. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was used to observe the microstructure evolution and texture evolution, and micro-hardness was used to evaluate the work hardening of the sample. The important feature of the microstructure was the presence of shear bands (SBs), the frequency of which increased with the increase in cold-rolling reduction and was found to be orientation dependent. We found that the geometrically necessary dislocation (GND) density increased with cold-rolling reduction in accord with Ashby’s theory of work hardening, and higher GND density accumulates near the grain boundary. The grain fragmentation, Goss texture distribution and orientation gradient were found to be orientation dependent. The cold-rolled texture was composed of strong α-fiber and weak γ-fiber. The relative plastic compliance of grain and the homogeneous effective medium (HEM) were explored. The tangent interaction model was found to match reasonably well with the experimental texture. This work has great significance for achieving online monitoring of the texture of ferritic stainless steel under different industrial production processes and enhancing the intelligence level of ferritic stainless steel production process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructures and Properties of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys)
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12 pages, 25572 KiB  
Communication
Improving Corrosion Resistance of Zircaloy-4 via High-Current Pulsed Electron Beam Surface Irradiation
by Shen Yang, Heran Yao, Zhiyong Hu and Tao Chen
Materials 2025, 18(1), 76; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18010076 - 27 Dec 2024
Viewed by 528
Abstract
Zircaloy-4 is extensively used in nuclear reactors as fuel element cladding and core structural material. However, the safety concerns post-Fukushima underscore the need for further enhancing its high-temperature and high-pressure water-side corrosion resistance. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of high-current [...] Read more.
Zircaloy-4 is extensively used in nuclear reactors as fuel element cladding and core structural material. However, the safety concerns post-Fukushima underscore the need for further enhancing its high-temperature and high-pressure water-side corrosion resistance. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of high-current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) irradiation on the microstructures and corrosion resistance of Zircaloy-4, with the goal of improving its performance in nuclear applications. Results showed that after irradiation, the cross-section of the sample could be divided into three distinct layers: the outermost melted layer (approximately 4.80 μm), the intermediate heat-affected zone, and the bottom normal matrix. Large numbers of twin martensites were induced within the melted layer, which became finer with increasing irradiation times. Additionally, plenty of ultrafine/nanoscale grains were observed on the surface of the sample pulsed 25 times. Zr(Fe, Cr)2 second-phase particles (SPPs) were dissolved throughout the modified layer and Fe and Cr elements were uniformly distributed under the action of HCPEB. As a result, the corrosion resistance of the sample pulsed 25 times was significantly improved compared to the initial one. Research results confirmed that HCPEB irradiation is an effective method in improving the service life of Zircaloy-4 under extreme environmental conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructures and Properties of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys)
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16 pages, 4586 KiB  
Article
Raising the Oxidation Resistance of Low-Alloyed Mg-Ca Alloys Through a Preheating Treatment in an Argon Atmosphere
by Siyuan Liu, Jonathan Apell, Zhihui Liu, Guojun Liu, Xingyou Lang, Yongfu Zhu and Qing Jiang
Materials 2024, 17(22), 5481; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17225481 - 10 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 870
Abstract
With the rise and development of aerospace, communications, electronics, medical, transportation and other fields, magnesium (Mg) and its alloys have attracted much attention for their high specific strength and stiffness, good electromagnetic shielding properties, excellent damping properties and other advantages. However, magnesium has [...] Read more.
With the rise and development of aerospace, communications, electronics, medical, transportation and other fields, magnesium (Mg) and its alloys have attracted much attention for their high specific strength and stiffness, good electromagnetic shielding properties, excellent damping properties and other advantages. However, magnesium has a high affinity for oxygen, producing magnesium oxide (MgO), and MgO’s Pilling–Bedworth ratio (PBR) of 0.81 is not protective. The occurrence of catastrophic oxidation is unavoidable with the increase of oxidation time and temperature. A promising approach is to perform an appropriate pretreatment in conjunction with alloying to obtain a dense and compact composite protective film. In this work, the effect of a preheating treatment on the oxidation resistance (OR) of Mg-xCa (x = 1, 3 and 5 wt. %) was investigated. The preheating was carried out in an Ar atmosphere at 400 °C for 8 h. Upon it, a dense and compact MgO/CaO composite protective film was formed on the surface, which is CaO-rich especially in the vicinity to the surface. The alloys’ oxidation resistance was strongly increased due to the composite protective film formed during the preheating treatment, in particular for Mg-3Ca. Relative to the Mg-hcp phase, the OR of the Mg2Ca phase was significantly raised. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructures and Properties of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys)
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14 pages, 5124 KiB  
Article
Corrosion Behavior and Mechanical Property of 5182 Aluminum/DP780 Steel Resistance Spot Welding Joints
by Xuan Shi, Sai Zhang, Tao Li, Xianming Meng, Congqian Cheng, Jibin Pei, Tieshan Cao and Jie Zhao
Materials 2024, 17(11), 2472; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17112472 - 21 May 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1712
Abstract
Corrosion behavior is critical to the application of lightweight aluminum/steel joints using new resistance spot welding (RSW) technology. The study investigated the corrosion mechanism and the shear strength of RSW joints comprising 1.2 mm 5182 aluminum and 1.5 mm DP780 galvanized steel. Electrochemical [...] Read more.
Corrosion behavior is critical to the application of lightweight aluminum/steel joints using new resistance spot welding (RSW) technology. The study investigated the corrosion mechanism and the shear strength of RSW joints comprising 1.2 mm 5182 aluminum and 1.5 mm DP780 galvanized steel. Electrochemical corrosion tests were conducted on the base materials and various positions of the welds in a 3.5% NaCl solution. This result revealed that the corrosion susceptibility of the interfacial intermetallic compound (IMC) layer was not accelerated by the aluminum nugget because of the noble corrosion potential. Subsequently, the spray acceleration test was employed to investigate the corrosion mechanism. It is noteworthy that microcracks, as well as regions enriched with silicon and oxygen at the interface front, are preferential to corrosion during salt spray exposure, instead of the IMC layer. Moreover, the shear strength of the joints decreases with the reduction in the effective joint area after the salt spray exposure of the weld joints. This research systematically explored the corrosion behavior and its relationship with the mechanical properties of Al alloy/steel RSW joints. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructures and Properties of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys)
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