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New Insights in Wettability and Surface Repellency of Advanced Materials
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New Insights in Wettability and Surface Repellency of Advanced Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Thin Films and Interfaces".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2023) | Viewed by 7015

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xianghui Hou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Engineering, Univerisity of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
Interests: films; coatings; icephobic; anti-icing; ice mitigation; composites; nanocomposite; carbon
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jie Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China
Interests: surface wetting behaviour; hydrophobicity; ice protection; multi-phase icephobic structure; durable surfaces

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Research topics on wettability and surface repellency of materials have received tremendous interest in the past few decades, strongly motivated by their wide range of industrial applications due to their self-cleaning, anti-fouling, anti-soiling, antibacterial, and ice mitigation properties etc. The attachment and accretion of undesirable liquid/solid substances, micro-bacteria, or even marine organisms on construction surfaces significantly pose serious operational and health/safety challenges. Various surface design strategies of advanced materials have been applied to mitigate the impacts of the unfavourable substance accretion, and different levels of success have been achieved.

It is normally believed that when a liquid contacts a solid surface, the wettability of the material has a critical role in determining the surface repellency. From the perspective of materials design, lowering surface free energy and tailoring surface topographies are sometimes effective methods to restrain the liquid contact and thus increase the surface repellency. However, due to the complexity of the natural liquid/solid contact and solid/solid contact, the accretion mechanisms and controlling factors for surface repellency are also highly dependent on specific matters of concern and the real application environments. When phase changes occur or multiple phases are involved, the influencing factors of surface accretion and repellency will be more complex. For example, superhydrophobicity is one of the popular research streams in icephobic surface design, but its effectiveness in icephobicity may be questioned under certain conditions. Further studies are required to develop new materials and surfaces which can offer better applicability for different environments, as well as long-term durability in practical applications.

Other concepts of materials development regarding surface repellency will be included in this Special Issue, e.g. slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS), elastomer coatings, and gels. Substantial enhancement in durability is expected. New material development for hybrid techniques of controlling surface accretion is also highly encouraged. 

Contributions including research papers, communications, and critical reviews are invited for submission to this Special Issue, covering the recent progress in materials fabrication, evaluation of performance, testing methodologies, and simulation of wettability and surface repellency of materials.

Dr. Xianghui Hou
Dr. Jie Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • wettability
  • surface repellency
  • hydrophobic
  • icephobic
  • self-cleaning
  • anti-fouling
  • anti-soiling
  • antibacterial
  • anti-icing
  • defrosting

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Editorial

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2 pages, 156 KiB  
Editorial
New Insights in Wettability and Surface Repellency of Advanced Materials
by Jie Wang and Xianghui Hou
Materials 2022, 15(23), 8434; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238434 - 26 Nov 2022
Viewed by 731
Abstract
“New Insights in Wettability and Surface Repellency of Advanced Materials” is a new Special Issue of Materials, which commits to publishing original and review papers on the recent progress of wettability and surface repellency of materials, including new findings and understanding of [...] Read more.
“New Insights in Wettability and Surface Repellency of Advanced Materials” is a new Special Issue of Materials, which commits to publishing original and review papers on the recent progress of wettability and surface repellency of materials, including new findings and understanding of surface repellent materials and related theory, design, fabrication, characterization, and applications [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights in Wettability and Surface Repellency of Advanced Materials)

Research

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20 pages, 12745 KiB  
Article
Durability and Additional Properties of Anodized Aluminum-Based Coatings with Different Wettability under Natural Conditions
by Klaudia Olkowicz, Kamil Kowalczyk, Zofia Buczko, Joanna Czwartos and Barbara Nasiłowska
Materials 2023, 16(10), 3729; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16103729 - 14 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1944
Abstract
The study aimed to test the durability of coatings under natural conditions. The present study focused on the changes in wettability and additional properties of the coatings under natural conditions. The specimens were subjected to outdoor exposure and additionally immersed in the pond. [...] Read more.
The study aimed to test the durability of coatings under natural conditions. The present study focused on the changes in wettability and additional properties of the coatings under natural conditions. The specimens were subjected to outdoor exposure and additionally immersed in the pond. Impregnating porous anodized aluminum is a popular production method for hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces. However, prolonged exposure of such coatings to natural conditions causes leaching of the impregnate and, thus, the loss of hydrophobic properties. After the loss of hydrophobic properties, all kinds of impurities and fouling adhere better to the porous structure. Additionally, deterioration of anti-icing and anti-corrosion properties was observed. Finally, the self-cleaning, anti-fouling, anti-icing and anti-corrosion properties were comparable or even worse to those of the hydrophilic coating. In the case of superhydrophobic specimens, during outdoor exposure there was no loss of superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning and anti-corrosion properties. Still, despite this, the icing delay time dropped. During outdoor exposure, the structure, which initially had anti-icing properties, may degrade. Nevertheless, the hierarchical structure responsible for the superhydrophobic effect can still be preserved. The superhydrophobic coating initially had the best anti-fouling properties. However, the coating was also gradually losing its superhydrophobic properties during water immersion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights in Wettability and Surface Repellency of Advanced Materials)
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15 pages, 4237 KiB  
Article
Influence of Parylene F Coatings on the Wetting Properties of Soft Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)
by Fadoua Mayoussi, Ali Usama, Niloofar Nekoonam, Ivonne Knauer, David Böcherer, Bastian E. Rapp and Dorothea Helmer
Materials 2023, 16(5), 1938; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16051938 - 26 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1577
Abstract
Understanding the wettability of soft surfaces is of key importance for the development of protective and repellent coatings and controlling droplet dynamics when required. There are many factors that affect the wetting and dynamic dewetting behavior of soft surfaces, such as the formation [...] Read more.
Understanding the wettability of soft surfaces is of key importance for the development of protective and repellent coatings and controlling droplet dynamics when required. There are many factors that affect the wetting and dynamic dewetting behavior of soft surfaces, such as the formation of wetting ridges, the adaptive behavior of the surface caused by the interaction of the fluid with the surface, or the presence of free oligomers that are washed out of the soft surface. In this work, we report the fabrication and characterization of three soft polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces with elastic moduli ranging from 7 kPa to 56 kPa. The dynamic dewetting behavior of liquids with different surface tensions was studied on these surfaces, and the data show soft and adaptive wetting behavior of the soft PDMS, as well as the presence of free oligomers. Thin layers of Parylene F (PF) were introduced to the surfaces and their influence on the wetting properties was studied. We show that the thin layers of PF prevent adaptive wetting by preventing the diffusion of liquids into the soft PDMS surfaces and by causing the loss of the soft wetting state. The dewetting properties of the soft PDMS are enhanced, leading to low sliding angles of ≤10° for water, ethylene glycol, and diiodomethane. Therefore, the introduction of a thin PF layer can be used to control wetting states and to increase the dewetting behavior of soft PDMS surfaces. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights in Wettability and Surface Repellency of Advanced Materials)
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Review

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32 pages, 11321 KiB  
Review
Interdependence of Surface Roughness on Icephobic Performance: A Review
by Halar Memon, Jie Wang and Xianghui Hou
Materials 2023, 16(13), 4607; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134607 - 26 Jun 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2061
Abstract
Ice protection techniques have attracted significant interest, notably in aerospace and wind energy applications. However, the current solutions are mostly costly and inconvenient due to energy-intensive and environmental concerns. One of the appealing strategies is the use of passive icephobicity, in the form [...] Read more.
Ice protection techniques have attracted significant interest, notably in aerospace and wind energy applications. However, the current solutions are mostly costly and inconvenient due to energy-intensive and environmental concerns. One of the appealing strategies is the use of passive icephobicity, in the form of coatings, which is induced by means of several material strategies, such as hydrophobicity, surface texturing, surface elasticity, and the physical infusion of ice-depressing liquids, etc. In this review, surface-roughness-related icephobicity is critically discussed to understand the challenges and the role of roughness, especially on superhydrophobic surfaces. Surface roughness as an intrinsic, independent surface property for anti-icing and de-icing performance is also debated, and their interdependence is explained using the related physical mechanisms and thermodynamics of ice nucleation. Furthermore, the role of surface roughness in the case of elastomeric or low-modulus polymeric coatings, which typically instigate an easy release of ice, is examined. In addition to material-centric approaches, the influence of surface roughness in de-icing evaluation is also explored, and a comparative assessment is conducted to understand the testing sensitivity to various surface characteristics. This review exemplifies that surface roughness plays a crucial role in incorporating and maintaining icephobic performance and is intrinsically interlinked with other surface-induced icephobicity strategies, including superhydrophobicity and elastomeric surfaces. Furthermore, the de-icing evaluation methods also appear to be roughness sensitive in a certain range, indicating a dominant role of mechanically interlocked ice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights in Wettability and Surface Repellency of Advanced Materials)
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