Medicine and Exercise for Wellbeing: Effective Diagnosis and Non-Pharmacological Treatment in Chronic Conditions and Pain

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Sports Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 16 July 2025 | Viewed by 1662

Special Issue Editor


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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic diseases represent one of the greatest challenges in modern clinical practice, requiring a multidisciplinary approach that considers the various factors contributing to their manifestation and maintenance. Millions of people worldwide are affected by chronic conditions, such as metabolic diseases, cardiovascular conditions, and persistent pain, leading to functional limitations, decreased quality of life, and increased healthcare utilization.

Musculoskeletal disorders are among the most common causes of chronic pain and are often associated with psychosocial and behavioral factors, complicating treatment. Additionally, chronic diseases like diabetes, heart disease, and respiratory illnesses frequently coexist with pain, further highlighting the need for personalized treatment approaches. Accurate assessment methods, including self-assessment scales and imaging diagnostic tools, are critical for developing individualized treatment strategies. Emerging studies emphasize the importance of a multidisciplinary approach that integrates these assessment methods with therapeutic interventions and psychosocial support. Non-pharmacological interventions—such as physical exercise, physical therapy, and behavioral therapies—have proven effective in managing various chronic conditions, including pain.

Physical exercise is particularly recognized as a powerful tool for improving function and reducing the impact of chronic diseases. Additionally, pain management techniques that incorporate cognitive–behavioral therapy and mindfulness practices help address the psychosocial aspects of chronic conditions. The integration of these interventions—combining precise assessments with multidisciplinary treatments—offers an effective and comprehensive approach to managing chronic conditions. This Special Issue aims to explore the intersection of diagnostic methods, therapeutic approaches, and the implications of chronic diseases for public health.

Topics to be covered include:

  • Assessment Methods and Self-Assessment Tools: the importance and effectiveness of these methods in chronic disease rehabilitation and chronic pain management.
  • Non-Pharmacological Therapeutic Resources: the role of physical exercise, physical therapy, and behavioral interventions in managing musculoskeletal and metabolic chronic diseases, including chronic pain.
  • Advances in the Diagnosis of Chronic Diseases: imaging technologies and new diagnostic approaches for chronic diseases and chronic pain.
  • Psychosocial Aspects of Chronic Diseases: the impact of mental health on the experience of chronic pain and other chronic conditions.
  • Interdisciplinary Approach: the role of multidisciplinary teams in managing chronic diseases and chronic pain.
  • Clinical and Public Health Implications: the burden of chronic diseases and chronic pain on healthcare systems and prevention strategies.

This Special Issue of the Journal of Clinical Medicine will accept submissions of research articles, review articles, and systematic reviews.

Dr. Pedro Miguel Forte
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • chronic pain
  • physical exercise
  • diagnosis
  • chronic conditions
  • pain management

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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17 pages, 617 KiB  
Systematic Review
Classifying Low Back Pain Through Pain Mechanisms: A Scoping Review for Physiotherapy Practice
by Roberto Tedeschi, Federica Giorgi, Daniela Platano and Lisa Berti
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(2), 412; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14020412 - 10 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1304
Abstract
Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, often driven by distinct pain mechanisms: nociceptive, neuropathic, and central sensitization. Accurate classification of these mechanisms is critical for guiding effective, targeted treatments. Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the [...] Read more.
Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, often driven by distinct pain mechanisms: nociceptive, neuropathic, and central sensitization. Accurate classification of these mechanisms is critical for guiding effective, targeted treatments. Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and reported according to PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was performed in MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, PEDro, and Web of Science. Eligible studies included adults with LBP and focused on clinical criteria for classifying pain mechanisms. Data on study methods, population characteristics, and outcomes were extracted and synthesized. Results: Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Nociceptive pain was characterized by localized symptoms proportional to mechanical triggers, with no neurological signs. Neuropathic pain was associated with burning sensations, dysaesthesia, and a positive neurodynamic straight leg raise (SLR) test. Central sensitization featured widespread pain, hyperalgesia, and disproportionate symptoms. Tools such as painDETECT, DN4, and the Central Sensitisation Inventory (CSI) were validated for neuropathic and central sensitization pain. Central sensitization and neuropathic pain were linked to greater disability and psychological distress compared to nociceptive pain. Conclusions: This review aims to provide a historical perspective on pain mechanism classifications and to explore how previous frameworks have influenced current diagnostic concepts in physiotherapy practice. By synthesizing key clinical criteria used to differentiate between nociceptive, neuropathic, and central sensitization pain, this review proposes a practical framework to improve the accuracy of pain classification in clinical settings. Full article
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