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General Anesthesia: Recent Developments and Emerging Trends
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General Anesthesia: Recent Developments and Emerging Trends

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Anesthesiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2025 | Viewed by 2016

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Basavana Goudra

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Honickman Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Jefferson Health, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
Interests: sedation; airway management; anesthesia
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Research and development are an integral part of anesthesiology practice. In recent years, areas such as drug development, memory and awareness, closed-loop systems, and brain monitoring have seen noticeable advances. While sugammadex has nearly eliminated the risk of inadequate reversal and residual paralysis, the newer benzodiazepine remimazolam might assist us in performing procedures such as colonoscopy without the need for propofol. Tegileridine and oliceridine are new classes of opioids that selectively bind and preferentially activate the G-protein signaling pathway rather than β-arrestin 2, thereby limiting the unwanted opioid side effects such as respiratory depression, hyperalgesia, PONV, and constipation. Computer-aided drug design and development is another exciting area that might herald the development of drugs that could target specific ligands or undergo organ-independent metabolism with no toxic metabolites. Though research into depth of anesthesia and awareness is continuing, recent evidence indicates that, after all, deep general anesthesia is not harmful in terms of risk for postoperative delirium.

Closed-loop administration of intravenous anesthetics and closed-circuit anesthesia are additional enthusing areas. They are shown to surpass anesthesia providers in terms of titration to a defined end point that may be variable.

While the study of the mechanism of action of general anesthetic agents is an ongoing area, their reversal is even more intriguing. The benefits of such an invention are enormous and include a quicker wake-up time and a reduction in postoperative complications.

In this Special Issue, Journal of Clinical Medicine (JCM) would like to welcome researchers from around the world to submit research- and discussion-related manuscripts encompassing the above areas.

Prof. Dr. Basavana Goudra
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • general anesthesia
  • recent advances
  • drug development
  • memory and awareness
  • brain monitoring
  • sugammadex
  • tegileridine

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 247 KiB  
Article
Practices of Rapid Sequence Induction for Prevention of Aspiration—An International Declarative Survey
by Imen Ben-Naoui, Vincent Compère, Thomas Clavier and Emmanuel Besnier
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(7), 2177; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14072177 - 22 Mar 2025
Viewed by 485
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Rapid sequence induction (RSI) for the prevention of aspiration is a frequent clinical situation during anesthesia. The lack of international guidelines on this topic may lead to differences in practices. The aim of this survey is to identify the clinical practices [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Rapid sequence induction (RSI) for the prevention of aspiration is a frequent clinical situation during anesthesia. The lack of international guidelines on this topic may lead to differences in practices. The aim of this survey is to identify the clinical practices in RSI among practitioners at an international level. Methods: International declarative survey across the ESAIC network. Results: A total of 491 respondents in 61 countries, 74% of them were seniors and 42% with over 20 years of experience. Most of the practitioners (87%) performed preoxygenation under a high flow of oxygen (>10 L/min) with no PEEP and no pressure support and 69% use opioids in most cases of RSI. The Sellick maneuver was used by 42% of respondents. RSI was used in most situations at high risk of aspiration (bowel obstruction, trauma within 6 h after the last meal, caesarian section). RSI was used in 53% of cases of appendicectomy in the absence of vomiting. Conversely, 29% did not use RSI in cases of symptomatic esophageal reflux. A total of 11% encountered at least one episode of grade IV anaphylaxis to succinylcholine or rocuronium and 24% aspiration pneumonia. Conclusions: Our results support the need for international guidelines on RSI to limit differences between practitioners and countries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue General Anesthesia: Recent Developments and Emerging Trends)

Review

Jump to: Research

18 pages, 305 KiB  
Review
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Exciting Avenues Beyond Weight Loss
by Lalitha Sundararaman, Divakara Gouda, Anil Kumar, Sumithra Sundararaman and Basavana Goudra
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(6), 1978; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14061978 - 14 Mar 2025
Viewed by 1041
Abstract
The last two decades have proffered many remarkable choices in managing type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Leading the list are glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RAs), the first of which, exenatide, was approved by the FDA in 2005. Two other major classes [...] Read more.
The last two decades have proffered many remarkable choices in managing type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Leading the list are glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RAs), the first of which, exenatide, was approved by the FDA in 2005. Two other major classes of drugs have also entered the market: dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, commonly known as gliptins and approved in 2006, and sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, with the first approval occurring in 2013. These drugs have revolutionized the treatment of diabetes. Additionally, on the horizon, the once-weekly basal insulin analog insulin icodec and the once-weekly combination of insulin icodec and semaglutide are expected to be available in the future. Beyond glycemic control, GLP1RAs have exhibited benefits in conditions associated with diabetes, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, as well as in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Additionally, emerging research suggests potential roles in certain types of cancer, infertility, and associative learning. Major cardiovascular events seem to be lower in patients on GLP1RAs. While some evidence is robust, other findings remain tenuous. It is important that clinicians are familiar with current research in order to provide optimal evidence-based care to patients. In the not-too-distant future, there may be a case to prescribe these drugs for benefits outside diabetes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue General Anesthesia: Recent Developments and Emerging Trends)
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