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Current Advances and Future Perspectives in Interventional Cardiology

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Cardiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 340

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Neurosciences and Vascular Unit, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
Interests: endovascolar treatment of the abdominal and thoracic aorta; transcatheter valve replacement; left atrium appendage occlusion

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Interventional cardiology has undergone significant advancements over the past few decades, with improvements in techniques, devices, and outcomes revolutionizing the management of cardiovascular diseases. The aging population, characterized by an increase in age-related cardiovascular conditions, is placing an increasing demand on interventional cardiology. As this demographic grows, the field is challenged with developing strategies to manage these complex conditions, while considering comorbidities, frailty, and the need for individualized care. The importance of dialogue between specialists on hearts and industry cannot be overstated when it comes to achieving optimal results. Open communication in this area ensures a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis, treatment planning, and post-procedural management, leading to better decision making and improved patient outcomes.

Moreover, engaging patients in the dialogue is crucial. When patients understand their condition, treatment options, and the role of each specialist involved, they are better equipped to make informed decisions and adhere to treatment plans.

This collaborative approach ensures that patients receive the best possible care tailored to their individual needs while supporting the continuous evolution of cardiovascular medicine. In this Special Issue, we present the current status of and future perspectives in interventional cardiology, with a focus on innovation and perspective as central to driving progress and shaping the future.

Dr. Jacob Zeitani
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • trans-catheter valve repair and replacement
  • advanced coronary intervention
  • AI in decision making for trans-catheter aortic root and arch replacement
  • LAA occlusion
  • anti-arrhythmic therapy
  • right side of the heart

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 549 KiB  
Article
Comparing AI-Driven and Heart Team Decision-Making in Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease
by Stefano Migliaro, Roberto Celotto, Romina Teliti, Simona Mariani, Luca Altamura and Fabrizio Tomai
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(13), 4452; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14134452 - 23 Jun 2025
Viewed by 223
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a challenging condition requiring multidisciplinary decision-making, particularly when determining between percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly generative language models like ChatGPT, present an opportunity [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a challenging condition requiring multidisciplinary decision-making, particularly when determining between percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly generative language models like ChatGPT, present an opportunity to assist in the decision-making process. However, their ability to replicate human clinical judgment in complex scenarios, such as multivessel CAD, remains untested. Methods: The aim of this study was to evaluate the concordance between recommendations from AI (ChatGPT) and those from heart team (HT) in the management of multivessel CAD, with a focus on comparing treatment strategies such as PCI and CABG. A retrospective observational study was conducted on 137 patients with multivessel CAD, discussed at multidisciplinary HT meetings in 2024. Standardized clinical vignettes, including clinical and anatomical data, were presented to ChatGPT for treatment recommendations. The AI’s responses were compared with the HT’s decisions regarding PCI or CABG. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the level of agreement and predictive value of ChatGPT’s recommendations. Results: ChatGPT achieved an overall accuracy of 65% in its recommendations. The agreement rate was higher for CABG (82.4%) than for PCI (44.4%). Discordance was identified in 48 patients, with a notable bias towards recommending CABG. Factors such as age, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease were predictors of discordance, although no significant factors emerged for the PCI or CABG subgroups. Conclusions: AI, particularly ChatGPT, demonstrated modest concordance with HT decisions in the management of multivessel CAD, especially favoring CABG. While AI offers potential as a decision-support tool, its current limitations highlight the continued need for human clinical judgment in complex cases. Further research is required to optimize AI integration into clinical decision-making frameworks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Advances and Future Perspectives in Interventional Cardiology)
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