Recent Discoveries in Host-Plant Resistance for Field Crop Insect Pests

A special issue of Insects (ISSN 2075-4450). This special issue belongs to the section "Insect Molecular Biology and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2021) | Viewed by 2661

Special Issue Editors

London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON N5V 4T3, Canada
Interests: insecticide resistance; chemical ecology; plant–insect interactions; biopesticides
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Guest Editor
CÉROM - Centre de Recherche sur les Grains Inc., Saint-Mathieu-de-Beloeil, QC J3G0E2, Canada
Interests: insect behavior; insect–plant–pathogen interactions; plant protection; IPM

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

An important component of integrated pest management (IPM) is the use of host–plant resistance, a heritable decrease in plant susceptibility to the pest. Insect-resistant crop varieties provide a valuable tool for growers that can benefit yield and lower costs associated with pesticide applications. Research on new varieties has identified resistance genes that confer one or more categories of resistance including antibiosis, antixenosis, and tolerance. In many cases, little is known regarding the phenotypic differences, for example, phytochemical or physical defenses. To advance this field, investigations can utilize genomic and metabolomic approaches that explore novel genes and proteins, altered biosynthetic pathways, and identify associated defense compounds. Similarly, new techniques may surpass τηε classical selection of resistant varieties, such as plant-mediated RNAi, to target specific genes in insects. Finally, studying the insect’s response to plant defenses can uncover mechanisms including behavioural changes or enhanced metabolism, which allow adaptation to the new varieties.

Dr. Ian Scott
Dr. Julien Saguez
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • host-plant resistance
  • insects
  • field crops
  • genomics
  • metabolomics
  • plant defenses
  • biotechnologies

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 2015 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Metabolic Resistance to Soybean Aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) Feeding in Soybean Cultivars
by Ian M. Scott, Tim McDowell, Justin B. Renaud, Sophie W. Krolikowski, Ling Chen and Sangeeta Dhaubhadel
Insects 2022, 13(4), 356; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13040356 - 5 Apr 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1913
Abstract
Soybean aphid (Aphis glycines) is a major soybean (Glycine max) herbivore pest in many soybean growing regions. High numbers of aphids on soybean can cause severe reductions in yield. The management of soybean aphids includes monitoring, insecticide applications when [...] Read more.
Soybean aphid (Aphis glycines) is a major soybean (Glycine max) herbivore pest in many soybean growing regions. High numbers of aphids on soybean can cause severe reductions in yield. The management of soybean aphids includes monitoring, insecticide applications when required, and the use of resistant cultivars. Soybean aphid-resistant soybean varieties are associated with genes that confer one or more categories of resistance to soybean aphids, including antibiosis (affects survival, growth, and fecundity), antixenosis (affects behaviour such as feeding), and tolerance (plant can withstand greater damage without economic loss). The genetic resistance of soybean to several herbivores has been associated with isoflavonoid phytoalexins; however, this correlation has not been observed in soybean varieties commonly grown in southern Ontario, Canada. Isoflavonoids in the leaves of 18 cultivars in the early growth stage were analyzed by HPLC and the concentration by fresh weight was used to rate the potential resistance to aphids. Greenhouse and growth cabinet trials determined that the cultivars with greater resistance to aphids were Harosoy 63 and OAC Avatar. The most susceptible cultivar was Maple Arrow, whereas Pagoda and Conrad were more tolerant to aphid feeding damage. Overall, there was a low correlation between the number of aphids per leaf, feeding damage, and leaf isoflavonoid levels. Metabolite profiling by high-resolution LC-MS determined that the most resistant cultivar had on average lower levels of certain free amino acids (Met, Tyr, and His) relative to the most susceptible cultivar. This suggests that within the tested cultivars, nutritional quality stimulates aphid feeding more than isoflavonoids negatively affect aphid feeding or growth. These findings provide a better understanding of soybean host plant resistance and suggest ways to improve soybean resistance to aphid feeding through the breeding or metabolic engineering of leaf metabolites. Full article
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