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Hormones and Animal-Derived Compounds of Plants

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A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 July 2022) | Viewed by 14009

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Andrzej Bajguz

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Department of Biology and Plant Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
Interests: adaptation to heavy metal stress; brassinosteroids; phytoecdysteroids; phytohormones
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

Hormones or other bioactive compounds are derived from plant biosynthetic pathways that can act locally (at the site of their synthesis) or transported to some other site within the plant body to mediate growth and development responses. Plants need a significantly lower concentration of hormones, and these move through specific pathways to regulatory sites. Apart from their role in various developmental processes in plants, these compounds have been reported to have a vital role in mediating plants’ responses to environmental stresses. Phytohormones, directly or indirectly, regulate all biological activities. Growth and development are regulated in a coordinated fashion by the action of several phytohormones like abscisic acid, auxins, brassinosteroids, cytokinins, ethylene, gibberellins, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and strigolactones. However, in recent years, new compounds like polyamines, melatonin, and nitric oxide have also been added to this list. In many plant species, various animal hormones occur and play a key role in the control of reproductive development. Animal hormones, e.g., androgens, estrogens, corticosteroids, and ecdysteroids, research to enhance plants’ production and performance, have gained momentum; however, many questions remained unanswered. Although animal steroids have been found in plants, this does not necessarily mean they are hormonally active.

This Special Issue entitled ”Hormones and Animal-Derived Compounds of Plants” welcomes original research articles that present: 1) all aspects of the hormonal regulation of growth, development, and senescence; 2) phytohormone signaling pathways under environmental stress; 3) functions of animal hormones in plants. I look forward to the novel and fascinating research outcomes. I also appreciate the submission of review articles that critically assess and discuss the current state of the art concerning the highlighted topics.

Dr. Andrzej Bajguz
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

abiotic stress
androgens
biotic stress
corticosteroids
ecdysteroids
estrogens
plant adaptation
plant growth and development
phytohormones
progesterone

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 4974 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Identification of BcARR Genes and CTK Effects on Stalk Development of Flowering Chinese Cabbage

by Xi Ou, Yudan Wang, Jiewen Zhang, Zhenbin Xie, Bing He, Zhehao Jiang, Yuting Wang, Wei Su, Shiwei Song, Yanwei Hao and Riyuan Chen

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(13), 7412; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137412 - 03 Jul 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1922

Abstract

Flowering Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. Chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee) is an important and extensively cultivated vegetable in south China, whose major food product is the stalk. In the process of stalk formation, its initiation and development are regulated by a series of hormonal signals, such as cytokinin and gibberellin. In this study, we analyzed the effects of zeatin (ZT) and gibberellin A3 (GA3), and their interaction, on the bolting of flowering Chinese cabbage. The results indicated that the three-true-leaf spraying of ZT and GA synthesis inhibitor (PAC) inhibited plant height but increased stem diameter. Cytokinin (CTK) synthesis inhibitor (YZJ) and GA3 treatment increased plant height and decreased stem diameter. In addition, ZT and GA3 co-treated plants displayed antagonistic effect. Further, 19 type-B authentic response regulators (ARR-Bs), the positive regulators of cytokinin signal transduction were identified from flowering Chinese cabbage. Comprehensive analysis of phylogeny showed BcARR-Bs clustered into three subfamilies with 10 conserved motifs. Analysis of their expression patterns in different tissues and at various growth stage, and their response to hormone treatment suggest that ARR1-b localized in the nucleus displayed unique highest expression patterns in stem tips, are responsive both to ZT and GA, suggesting a significant role in mediating the crosstalk of ZT and GA in the bolting of flowering Chinese cabbage. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hormones and Animal-Derived Compounds of Plants)

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Review

Jump to: Research

32 pages, 2471 KiB

Open AccessReview

Phytoecdysteroids: Distribution, Structural Diversity, Biosynthesis, Activity, and Crosstalk with Phytohormones

by Yamshi Arif, Priyanka Singh, Andrzej Bajguz and Shamsul Hayat

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(15), 8664; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158664 - 04 Aug 2022

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2769

Abstract

Phytoecdysteroids (PEs) are naturally occurring polyhydroxylated compounds with a structure similar to that of insect molting hormone and the plant hormone brassinosteroids. PEs have a four-ringed skeleton composed of 27, 28, 29, or 30 carbon atoms (derived from plant sterols). The carbon skeleton of ecdysteroid is known as cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene and has a β-sidechain on C-17. Plants produce PEs via the mevalonate pathway with the help of the precursor acetyl-CoA. PEs are found in algae, fungi, ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms; more than 500 different PEs are found in over 100 terrestrial plants. 20-hydroxyecdysone is the most common PE. PEs exhibit versatile biological roles in plants, invertebrates, and mammals. These compounds contribute to mitigating biotic and abiotic stresses. In plants, PEs play a potent role in enhancing tolerance against insects and nematodes via their allelochemical activity, which increases plant biological and metabolic responses. PEs promote enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems, which decrease reactive oxygen species in the form of superoxide radicals and hydroxyl radicals and reduce malondialdehyde content. PEs also induce protein biosynthesis and modulate carbohydrate and lipid synthesis. In humans, PEs display biological, pharmacological, and medicinal properties, such as anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-microbial, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, and tissue differentiation activity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hormones and Animal-Derived Compounds of Plants)

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29 pages, 1707 KiB

Open AccessReview

Understanding the Intricate Web of Phytohormone Signalling in Modulating Root System Architecture

by Manvi Sharma, Dhriti Singh, Harshita B. Saksena, Mohan Sharma, Archna Tiwari, Prakhar Awasthi, Halidev Krishna Botta, Brihaspati Narayan Shukla and Ashverya Laxmi

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(11), 5508; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115508 - 24 May 2021

Cited by 24 | Viewed by 8454

Abstract

Root system architecture (RSA) is an important developmental and agronomic trait that is regulated by various physical factors such as nutrients, water, microbes, gravity, and soil compaction as well as hormone-mediated pathways. Phytohormones act as internal mediators between soil and RSA to influence various events of root development, starting from organogenesis to the formation of higher order lateral roots (LRs) through diverse mechanisms. Apart from interaction with the external cues, root development also relies on the complex web of interaction among phytohormones to exhibit synergistic or antagonistic effects to improve crop performance. However, there are considerable gaps in understanding the interaction of these hormonal networks during various aspects of root development. In this review, we elucidate the role of different hormones to modulate a common phenotypic output, such as RSA in Arabidopsis and crop plants, and discuss future perspectives to channel vast information on root development to modulate RSA components. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hormones and Animal-Derived Compounds of Plants)

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