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Molecular Mechanisms of Plant Virus Infection, Resistance and Control

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2026 | Viewed by 84

Special Issue Editor

Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy (NIBIO), Hoegskoleveien 7, 1432 Ås, Norway
Interests: plant virology; viral replication; RNA silencing; host-pathogen interactions; CRISPR; resistance; virus elimination; protoplasts
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plant viruses pose a major threat to global agriculture by reducing crop yield and quality. At the molecular level, virus infection involves intricate interactions between viral components and host cellular machinery. Many plant viruses remodel intracellular membranes to establish replication complexes, often exploiting host trafficking systems and organelle interfaces. To evade antiviral responses, viruses express proteins that suppress RNA silencing, a core defense mechanism in plants. Viral movement proteins enable cell-to-cell and systemic transport by modifying plasmodesmata and coordinating with host structures. Advances in molecular virology, fluorescence microscopy, and high-resolution structural biology have significantly improved our understanding of these dynamic processes. Fluorescence-based imaging approaches, including the use of tagged viral proteins and reporters, have been applied to monitor subcellular localization and trafficking events associated with virus infection. In parallel, genome engineering tools such as CRISPR-Cas systems are being developed to target both RNA and DNA viruses, offering new antiviral strategies in plants. This Special Issue invites original research and review articles focused on the molecular mechanisms of plant virus infection. Topics may include replication, movement, suppression of host defenses, virus–host interactions, resistance mechanisms, and emerging biotechnological tools for virus detection and control.

Dr. Carl Spetz
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • plant virus
  • host–pathogen interaction
  • viral replication
  • virus movement
  • RNA silencing
  • molecular virology
  • CRISPR
  • resistance

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

22 pages, 3172 KB  
Article
Synergistic Biocontrol of Agrobacterium tumefaciens by Phage PAT1 and Ascaphin-8: Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity and Virulence Attenuation via HupB Loss
by Miloud Sabri, Kaoutar El Handi, Cosima Damiana Calvano, Mariachiara Bianco, Angelo De Stradis and Toufic Elbeaino
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(19), 9355; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26199355 - 25 Sep 2025
Abstract
Agrobacterium tumefaciens (A. tumefaciens), the causal agent of crown gall disease on several plant species, is responsible for substantial yield losses worldwide. The limitations of conventional pesticides in controlling this disease highlight the need for alternative antibacterial solutions. Phage biocontrol can [...] Read more.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens (A. tumefaciens), the causal agent of crown gall disease on several plant species, is responsible for substantial yield losses worldwide. The limitations of conventional pesticides in controlling this disease highlight the need for alternative antibacterial solutions. Phage biocontrol can be an option, effectively managing bacterial plant diseases, by reducing pathogen loads while driving evolutionary trade-offs, often enhancing synergy with other antibacterial strategies. In this study, we aimed to explore and develop a sustainable strategy to control A. tumefaciens, by combining Agrobacterium phage PAT1 with the natural antimicrobial peptide “Ascaphin 8” and leveraging the fitness trade-offs resulting from phage resistance. In vitro and in planta investigations showed that PAT1 in combination with Ascaphin 8 at the sublethal concentration of 3 μM could effectively eradicate A. tumefaciens in YPG broth and reduce tumor formation by 46.33% on tomato plants, unlike their individual applications, indicating that the combination was synergistic against A. tumefaciens. This synergy was attributed to the fitness trade-offs in A. tumefaciens induced by phage resistance, which led to increased sensitivity to antimicrobial peptides, slower growth rate, and an 89.96% attenuation of virulence in the PAT1-resistant mutant (AT-M1). Transmission electron microscopy analyses showed that treatment with 1 µM of Ascaphin 8 induced cytoplasmic condensation in 80% of AT-M1 cells, whereas only 16% of the wild-type CFBP 5770 cells exhibited similar alterations under identical conditions. Furthermore, proteomic analyses performed on AT-M1 and CFBP 5770 revealed that the mutant AT-M1 exhibited a loss of DNA-binding protein HupB and downregulation of SDR family oxidoreductase and superoxide dismutase. These molecular alterations are potentially associated with the reduced virulence and heightened AT-M1 sensitivity. This study investigated the fitness costs associated with phage resistance in A. tumefaciens and laid the first foundation for potential biocontrol of plant bacterial diseases, particularly A. tumefaciens infections, using phage–peptide combination. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Plant Virus Infection, Resistance and Control)
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