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Novel Compositions and Functionalizations of Magnetic Nanomaterials
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Novel Compositions and Functionalizations of Magnetic Nanomaterials

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 8504

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jose Maria De Teresa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA) CSIC, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Interests: nanofabrication; nanolithography; focused ion beam; focused electron beams; magnetic nanomaterials; nanosuperconductors; graphene; topological materials
Dr. Javier Pablo-Navarro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA) CSIC, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Interests: focused electron beam induced deposition; electron beam lithography; transmission electron microscopy; electron holography; magnetization dynamics; magnetic nanostructures

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Magnetic nanomaterials are at the core of various research topics and applications, such as magnetic information storage, magnetic sensors, magnetic actuators, magnetic resonators, neuromorphic computing, soft and hard nanostructured magnets, multiferroics, magnetic hyperthermia, drug delivery, contrast agents, quantitative biosensing, etc. Depending on the application, the corresponding magnetic nanomaterials can be prepared in the form of composite nanostructured bulk material, thin films, nanowires, or nanoparticles. For all these applications, optimization of the material performance takes place either through the discovery of novel/tuned compositions or through their effective functionalization with the appropriate molecules. The current Special issue is intended to attract contributors within several research fields that have in common their effort to produce novel/tuned composition of magnetic nanomaterials or their molecular functionalization to bind to specific targets. Thus, we expect the submission of articles reporting novel compositions of magnetic nanomaterials with tuned properties, such as magnetization, coercive field, magnetic anisotropy, etc., so that their efficiency is improved for the targeted application. Additionally, we welcome articles reporting new ways to attach particular molecules to magnetic nanoparticles and other nano-objects for applications in biomedicine, advanced sensing, etc.

Prof. Dr. Jose Maria De Teresa
Dr. Javier Pablo-Navarro
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • magnetic nanomaterials
  • magnetic nanostructures
  • nanosuperconductors
  • graphene
  • topological materials

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 4234 KiB  
Article
Lipoic Acid-Functionalized Hexanuclear Manganese(III) Nanomagnets Suitable for Surface Grafting
by Marta Orts-Arroyo, Carlos Rojas-Dotti, Nicolás Moliner and José Martínez-Lillo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(10), 8645; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24108645 - 12 May 2023
Viewed by 934
Abstract
Highly anisotropic single-molecule magnets (SMMs) have attracted much interest in the field of molecular magnetism because of their spin features and potential technological applications. Additionally, a great effort has been devoted to the functionalization of such molecule-based systems which are made with ligands [...] Read more.
Highly anisotropic single-molecule magnets (SMMs) have attracted much interest in the field of molecular magnetism because of their spin features and potential technological applications. Additionally, a great effort has been devoted to the functionalization of such molecule-based systems which are made with ligands containing functional groups suitable to connect SMMs to junction devices or to perform their grafting on surfaces of different substrates. We have synthesized and characterized two lipoic acid-functionalized and oxime-based Mn(III) compounds, of formula [Mn6(μ3-O)2(H2N-sao)6(lip)2(MeOH)6][Mn6(μ3-O)2(H2N-sao)6(cnph)2(MeOH)6]}·10MeOH (1) and [Mn6(μ3-O)2(H2N-sao)6(lip)2(EtOH)6]·EtOH·2H2O (2) [H2N-saoH2 = salicylamidoxime, lip = lipoate anion, cnph = 2-cyanophenolate anion]. Compound 1 crystallizes in the space group Pī of the triclinic system and 2 crystallizes in the space group C2/c of the monoclinic system. In the crystal, neighboring Mn6 entities are linked using non-coordinating solvent molecules, which are H-bonded to N atoms of –NH2 groups of amidoxime ligand. In addition, Hirshfeld surfaces of 1 and 2 were calculated to study the variety of intermolecular interactions and the different levels of importance that take place in their crystal lattice; this type of computed study is the first time performed on Mn6 complexes. The study of the magnetic properties of 1 and 2 through dc magnetic susceptibility measurements reveals the coexistence of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic exchange couplings between the Mn(III) metal ions in both compounds, the latter being the predominant magnetic interaction. A spin S = 4 value of the ground state was obtained using isotropic simulations of the experimental magnetic susceptibility data for both 1 and 2. Ac magnetic susceptibility measurements show features typical of slow relaxation of the magnetization in 1 and 2, which indicate that SMM behavior takes place in both compounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Compositions and Functionalizations of Magnetic Nanomaterials)
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16 pages, 5224 KiB  
Article
Exchange Bias Effect of Ni@(NiO,Ni(OH)2) Core/Shell Nanowires Synthesized by Electrochemical Deposition in Nanoporous Alumina Membranes
by Javier García, Ruth Gutiérrez, Ana S. González, Ana I. Jiménez-Ramirez, Yolanda Álvarez, Víctor Vega, Heiko Reith, Karin Leistner, Carlos Luna, Kornelius Nielsch and Víctor M. Prida
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(8), 7036; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087036 - 11 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2012
Abstract
Tuning and controlling the magnetic properties of nanomaterials is crucial to implement new and reliable technologies based on magnetic hyperthermia, spintronics, or sensors, among others. Despite variations in the alloy composition as well as the realization of several post material fabrication treatments, magnetic [...] Read more.
Tuning and controlling the magnetic properties of nanomaterials is crucial to implement new and reliable technologies based on magnetic hyperthermia, spintronics, or sensors, among others. Despite variations in the alloy composition as well as the realization of several post material fabrication treatments, magnetic heterostructures as ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic coupled layers have been widely used to modify or generate unidirectional magnetic anisotropies. In this work, a pure electrochemical approach has been used to fabricate core (FM)/shell (AFM) Ni@(NiO,Ni(OH)2) nanowire arrays, avoiding thermal oxidation procedures incompatible with integrative semiconductor technologies. Besides the morphology and compositional characterization of these core/shell nanowires, their peculiar magnetic properties have been studied by temperature dependent (isothermal) hysteresis loops, thermomagnetic curves and FORC analysis, revealing the existence of two different effects derived from Ni nanowires’ surface oxidation over the magnetic performance of the array. First of all, a magnetic hardening of the nanowires along the parallel direction of the applied magnetic field with respect their long axis (easy magnetization axis) has been found. The increase in coercivity, as an effect of surface oxidation, has been observed to be around 17% (43%) at 300 K (50 K). On the other hand, an increasing exchange bias effect on decreasing temperature has been encountered when field cooling (3T) the oxidized Ni@(NiO,Ni(OH)2) nanowires below 100 K along their parallel lengths. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Compositions and Functionalizations of Magnetic Nanomaterials)
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16 pages, 3329 KiB  
Article
Magnetic Fe/Fe3C@C Nanoadsorbents for Efficient Cr (VI) Removal
by Laura Cervera-Gabalda and Cristina Gómez-Polo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(23), 15135; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315135 - 1 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1339
Abstract
Magnetic carbon nanocomposites (α-Fe/Fe3C@C) synthesized employing fructose and Fe3O4 magnetite nanoparticles as the carbon and iron precursors, respectively, are analyzed and applied for the removal of Cr (VI). Initial citric acid-coated magnetite nanoparticles, obtained through the co-precipitation method, [...] Read more.
Magnetic carbon nanocomposites (α-Fe/Fe3C@C) synthesized employing fructose and Fe3O4 magnetite nanoparticles as the carbon and iron precursors, respectively, are analyzed and applied for the removal of Cr (VI). Initial citric acid-coated magnetite nanoparticles, obtained through the co-precipitation method, were mixed with fructose (weight ratio 1:2) and thermally treated at different annealing temperatures (Tann = 400, 600, 800, and 1000 °C). The thermal decomposition of the carbon matrix and the Fe3O4 reduction was followed by thermogravimetry (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, SQUID magnetometry, and N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms. A high annealing temperature (Tann = 800 °C) leads to optimum magnetic adsorbents (high magnetization enabling the magnetic separation of the adsorbent from the aqueous media and large specific surface area to enhance the pollutant adsorption process). Cr (VI) adsorption tests, performed under weak acid environments (pH = 6) and low pollutant concentrations (1 mg/L), confirm the Cr removal ability and reusability after consecutive adsorption cycles. Physical adsorption (pseudo-first-order kinetics model) and multilayer adsorption (Freundlich isotherm model) characterize the Cr (VI) absorption phenomena and support the enhanced adsorption capability of the synthesized nanostructures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Compositions and Functionalizations of Magnetic Nanomaterials)
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16 pages, 12463 KiB  
Article
Electrical Insulation and Radar-Wave Absorption Performances of Nanoferrite/Liquid-Silicone-Rubber Composites
by Wei-Feng Sun and Peng-Bo Sun
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(18), 10424; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810424 - 9 Sep 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1483
Abstract
Novel radar-wave absorption nanocomposites are developed by filling the nanoscaled ferrites of strontium ferroxide (SrFe12O19) and carbonyl iron (CIP) individually into the highly flexible liquid silicone rubber (LSR) considered as dielectric matrix. Nanofiller dispersivities in SrFe12O19 [...] Read more.
Novel radar-wave absorption nanocomposites are developed by filling the nanoscaled ferrites of strontium ferroxide (SrFe12O19) and carbonyl iron (CIP) individually into the highly flexible liquid silicone rubber (LSR) considered as dielectric matrix. Nanofiller dispersivities in SrFe12O19/LSR and CIP/LSR nanocomposites are characterized by scanning electronic microscopy, and the mechanical properties, electric conductivity, and DC dielectric-breakdown strength are tested to evaluate electrical insulation performances. Radar-wave absorption performances of SrFe12O19/LSR and CIP/LSR nanocomposites are investigated by measuring electromagnetic response characteristics and radar-wave reflectivity, indicating the high radar-wave absorption is dominantly derived from magnetic losses. Compared with pure LSR, the SrFe12O19/LSR and CIP/LSR nanocomposites represent acceptable reductions in mechanical tensile and dielectric-breakdown strengths, while rendering a substantial nonlinearity of electric conductivity under high electric fields. SrFe12O19/LSR nanocomposites provide high radar-wave absorption in the frequency band of 11~18 GHz, achieving a minimum reflection loss of −33 dB at 11 GHz with an effective absorption bandwidth of 10 GHz. In comparison, CIP/LSR nanocomposites realize a minimum reflection loss of −22 dB at 7 GHz and a remarkably larger effective absorption bandwidth of 3.9 GHz in the lower frequency range of 2~8 GHz. Radar-wave transmissions through SrFe12O19/LSR and CIP/LSR nanocomposites in single- and double-layered structures are analyzed with CST electromagnetic-field simulation software to calculate radar reflectivity for various absorbing-layer thicknesses. Dual-layer absorbing structures are modeled by specifying SrFe12O19/LSR and CIP/LSR nanocomposites, respectively, as match and loss layers, which are predicted to acquire a significant improvement in radar-wave absorption when the thicknesses of match and loss layers approach 1.75 mm and 0.25 mm, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Compositions and Functionalizations of Magnetic Nanomaterials)
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19 pages, 5995 KiB  
Article
Progress toward Room-Temperature Synthesis and Functionalization of Iron-Oxide Nanoparticles
by Diego A. Flores-Cano, Noemi-Raquel Checca-Huaman, Isabel-Liz Castro-Merino, Camila N. Pinotti, Edson C. Passamani, Fred Jochen Litterst and Juan A. Ramos-Guivar
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(15), 8279; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158279 - 27 Jul 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2003
Abstract
Novel magnetic nanohybrids composed of nanomaghemite covered by organic molecules were successfully synthesized at room temperature with different functionalization agents (sodium polystyrene sulfonate, oxalic acid, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) in low and high concentrations. Structural, vibrational, morphological, electron energy-loss spectroscopy, magnetic, and Mössbauer characterizations [...] Read more.
Novel magnetic nanohybrids composed of nanomaghemite covered by organic molecules were successfully synthesized at room temperature with different functionalization agents (sodium polystyrene sulfonate, oxalic acid, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) in low and high concentrations. Structural, vibrational, morphological, electron energy-loss spectroscopy, magnetic, and Mössbauer characterizations unraveled the presence of mainly cubic inverse spinel maghemite (γ-Fe2O3), whilst X-ray diffraction and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy showed that most samples contain a minor amount of goethite phase (α-FeOOH). Raman analysis at different laser power revealed a threshold value of 0.83 mW for all samples, for which the γ-Fe2O3 to α-Fe2O3 phase transition was observed. Imaging microscopy revealed controlled-size morphologies of nanoparticles, with sizes in the range from 8 to 12 nm. Organic functionalization of the magnetic nanoparticles was demonstrated by vibrational and thermogravimetric measurements. For some samples, Raman, magnetic, and Mössbauer measurements suggested an even more complex core-shell-like configuration, with a thin shell containing magnetite (Fe3O4) covering the γ-Fe2O3 surface, thus causing an increase in the saturation magnetization of approximately 11% against nanomaghemite. Field cooling hysteresis curves at 5 K did not evidence an exchange bias effect, confirming that the goethite phase is not directly interacting magnetically with the functionalized maghemite nanoparticles. These magnetic nanohybrids may be suitable for applications in effluent remediation and biomedicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Compositions and Functionalizations of Magnetic Nanomaterials)
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