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Molecular Endocrinology: Exploring the Molecular Dimensions of Thyroid Cancer

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 October 2025 | Viewed by 2040

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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Molecular endocrinology involves all the aspects of the hormone action at the cellular level. Thus, this study focuses on the subjects related to the genetic, epigenetic, biochemical, cellular, and molecular aspects of endocrinology in general. Molecular endocrinology, by providing us with information about the very basics of both extracellular and intracellular signals, their interactions with specific receptors, gene expression, or any mechanisms related to the action of hormones, influences our understanding of endocrine diseases facilitating further research.

In the following special issue, we would like to welcome original papers, meta-analyses, systematic, as well as narrative reviews related to molecular and cellular endocrinology with regard to thyroid cancer specifically. We encourage the authors to submit the most updated papers related to the research about the causes, as well as novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches towards thyroid cancer. The aim of this special issue is to provide a possibility to share the most recent knowledge about molecular endocrinology that provides a better understanding of the pathophysiology of thyroid cancer.

Dr. Alicja Forma
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • molecular endocrinology
  • hormone
  • gene expression
  • thyroid cancer
  • pathophysiology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

44 pages, 1361 KiB  
Review
Thyroid Cancer: Epidemiology, Classification, Risk Factors, Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers, and Current Treatment Strategies
by Alicja Forma, Karolina Kłodnicka, Weronika Pająk, Jolanta Flieger, Barbara Teresińska, Jacek Januszewski and Jacek Baj
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(11), 5173; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26115173 - 28 May 2025
Viewed by 1501
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) invariably remains the most prevalent endocrine cancer in the world. Major histological forms of TC include papillary (PTC), follicular (FTC), medullary (MTC), and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), each of which has a unique clinical and molecular profile. The incidence rate [...] Read more.
Thyroid cancer (TC) invariably remains the most prevalent endocrine cancer in the world. Major histological forms of TC include papillary (PTC), follicular (FTC), medullary (MTC), and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), each of which has a unique clinical and molecular profile. The incidence rate of TC is higher in females, and unfortunately, it has tended to increase over the last several years. Yet the treatment of advanced or aggressive TC forms has improved recently because of developments in immunotherapy and targeted medicines, including PD-1 inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (e.g., lenvatinib, sorafenib). Imaging, fine-needle aspiration biopsies, and molecular testing are implemented in the diagnostic process, e.g., in search of mutations that might affect prognosis and provide the most successful treatment option. Chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radioactive iodine therapy (RAI), surgery (such as a total thyroidectomy), and molecularly targeted therapies are currently standard treatment modalities in TC. Optimizing patient outcomes requires better diagnostic precision and individualized treatment regimens based on the genetic profile and tumor subtype. To improve survival and quality of life, it is critical to comprehend the complex etiology of TC and the changing therapeutic landscape. Full article
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