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Zebrafish as a Model for Biomedical Studies—2nd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2025 | Viewed by 3551

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Guest Editor
CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Centre Oscar Lambret, UMR 9020–UMR 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
Interests: epigenetics; zebrafish model; cancer
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the 1950s, the zebrafish emerged as a model for studying early development but was rapidly used in broader research fields. The success of the zebrafish in research is mainly due to the attributes that make it an exceptional experimental model. Notably, zebrafish are robust and easy to maintain at low husbandry costs. Zebrafish have a high fecundity rate, producing around 100–200 embryos per clutch and per week, making statistical analyses robust. Zebrafish embryos develop externally and are optically clear, providing a remarkable platform for microscopic observations of early development. The zebrafish genome is fully sequenced, and a comparison to the human reference genome revealed that about 84% of genes involved in human diseases have a zebrafish orthologue. Thousands of zebrafish mutants coming from large-scale mutagenesis screens are available. Additionally, a variety of genetic engineering approaches, such as transgenesis, morpholino-mediated gene expression knockdown, or genome-editing technologies, can be applied to the zebrafish model to question the function of genes. Over the last two decades, the zebrafish has continued to increase in popularity, becoming increasingly used to investigate human disease mechanisms, to model human pathologies, and for drug discovery. At present, the zebrafish model is largely applied to the biomedical field in order to study a wide range of human diseases including developmental syndromes, metabolic defects, neurological and behavioral disorders, cancer, and host–microbe interactions.

The goal of this Special Issue is to present the current knowledge on the use of the zebrafish model in biomedical research in order to decipher the molecular mechanisms responsible for human diseases and to set up rational strategies for drug discovery.

The formats for submissions include original research reports, reviews, perspectives/opinions, and methodology articles.

Prof. Dr. Pierre-Olivier Angrand
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • zebrafish
  • cancer
  • metabolic diseases
  • neurological disorders
  • infectious diseases
  • xenografts
  • drug discovery

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1142 KiB  
Article
Motor and Non-Motor Effects of Acute MPTP in Adult Zebrafish: Insights into Parkinson’s Disease
by Niki Tagkalidou, Marija Stevanović, Irene Romero-Alfano, Gustavo Axel Elizalde-Velázquez, Selene Elizabeth Herrera-Vázquez, Eva Prats, Cristian Gómez-Canela, Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván and Demetrio Raldúa
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(4), 1674; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26041674 - 16 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 766
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to motor and non-motor symptoms. The neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) has been extensively used in different animal species to [...] Read more.
Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to motor and non-motor symptoms. The neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) has been extensively used in different animal species to develop chemical models of PD. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of acute exposure to MPTP (3 × 150 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) on adult zebrafish by assessing the neurochemical, transcriptional, and motor changes associated with PD pathogenesis. MPTP treatment resulted in a significant decrease in brain catecholamines, including dopamine, norepinephrine, and normetanephrine. Additionally, a trend towards decreased levels of dopamine precursors (tyrosine and L-DOPA) and degradation products (3-MT and DOPAC) was also observed, although these changes were not statistically significant. Gene expression analysis showed the downregulation of dbh, while the expression of other genes involved in catecholamine metabolism (th1, th2, mao, comtb) and transport (slc6a3 and slc18a2) remained unaltered, suggesting a lack of dopaminergic neuron degeneration. Behavioral assessments revealed that MPTP-exposed zebrafish exhibited reduced motor activity, consistent with the observed decrease in dopamine levels. In contrast, the kinematic parameters of sharp turning were unaffected. A significant impairment in the sensorimotor gating of the ASR was detected in the MPTP-treated fish, consistent with psychosis. Despite dopamine depletion and behavioral impairments, the absence of neurodegeneration and some hallmark PD motor symptoms suggests limitations in the validity of this model for fully recapitulating PD pathology. Further studies are needed to refine the use of MPTP in zebrafish PD models. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zebrafish as a Model for Biomedical Studies—2nd Edition)
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18 pages, 4630 KiB  
Article
Ontogeny of Thyroid Hormone Signaling in the Retina of Zebrafish: Effects of Thyroidal Status on Retinal Morphology, Cell Survival, and Color Preference
by Iván Lazcano, Santiago M. Pech-Pool, María Fernanda Maldonado-Lira, Aurora Olvera, Veerle M. Darras and Aurea Orozco
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(22), 12215; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252212215 - 14 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1277
Abstract
The retina is crucial for converting light into neuronal signals for visual perception. Understanding the retina’s structure, function, and development is essential for vision research. It is known that the thyroid hormone (TH) receptor type beta 2 (TRβ2) is a key element in [...] Read more.
The retina is crucial for converting light into neuronal signals for visual perception. Understanding the retina’s structure, function, and development is essential for vision research. It is known that the thyroid hormone (TH) receptor type beta 2 (TRβ2) is a key element in the regulation of cone differentiation in the retina, but other elements of TH signaling, such as transporters and enzyme deiodinases, have also been implicated in retinal cell development and survival. In the present study, we investigated the expression profile of genes involved in TH signaling and analyzed the impact of thyroidal status on retinal morphology, opsin expression, cell death/proliferation profile, as well as color preference behavior during the early retina development of zebrafish larvae. mRNA expression analysis on dissected whole eyes revealed that TH signaling elements gradually increase during eye development, with dio3b being the component that shows the most dramatic change. Mutations generated by CRISPR/CAS9 in the dio3b gene, but not in the thrb gene, modifies the structure of the retina. Disruption in TH level reduces the cell number of the ganglion cell layer, increases cell death, and modifies color preference, emphasizing the critical importance of precise TH regulation by its signaling elements for optimal retinal development and function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zebrafish as a Model for Biomedical Studies—2nd Edition)
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15 pages, 6134 KiB  
Article
The Glutamine Synthetases Are Required for Sensory Hair Cell Formation and Auditory Function in Zebrafish
by Yuanrong Zhao, Ziyang Wang, Mengting Xu, Fuping Qian, Guanyun Wei and Dong Liu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(21), 11561; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252111561 - 28 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1074
Abstract
The development of sensory hair cells (HCs) is closely linked to hearing loss. There are still many unidentified genes that may play a crucial role in HC development and function. Glutamine synthetase, Glul, is expressed in sensory hair cells and auditory organs. However, [...] Read more.
The development of sensory hair cells (HCs) is closely linked to hearing loss. There are still many unidentified genes that may play a crucial role in HC development and function. Glutamine synthetase, Glul, is expressed in sensory hair cells and auditory organs. However, the role of the Glul gene family in the auditory system remains largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate the function of the Glul gene family in the auditory system. The expression patterns of the glul gene family were examined via in situ hybridization in zebrafish embryos. It was revealed that the expression of glula occurred in the otic vesicle, while glulb was expressed in the neuromast. In contrast, glulc did not exhibit any discernible signal. glula loss of function caused abnormal otolith formation and reduced hair cell number in otic vesicles, while glulb knockdown caused a decrease in HC number in both neuromasts and otic vesicles and impaired auditory function. Furthermore, we found that the knockdown of glulb induces apoptosis of hair cells. Transcriptomic analysis of zebrafish with glula and glulb knockdown revealed significant alterations in the expression of many genes associated with auditory organs. The current study sheds light on the requirement of glula and glulb in zebrafish hair cell formation and auditory function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zebrafish as a Model for Biomedical Studies—2nd Edition)
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