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Antioxidants and Enzyme Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis and Action Mechanisms

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2025) | Viewed by 718

Special Issue Editors


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Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
Interests: computational theoretical chemistry; conformational macromolecules; amino acids; peptides; nucleic acid; enzymes; metallo-enzymes; photosensitizer molecules
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Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università Della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 12/D, I-87030 Rende, CS, Italy
Interests: computational chemistry; catalysis; antioxidants; bio-inorganic chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Antioxidants are notoriously relevant species that prevent the oxidation of molecules, playing an important role in the control of oxidative stress in living systems. Due to the chemical structure, antioxidants can carry out their action by directly reacting with radicals or inhibiting the source of reactive species, such as transition metal ions or enzymes, saving cells and the macromolecules they are composed of from damages that can be the source of the onset of severe and inflammation-based diseases.

With respect to enzymes, the aim of this Special Issue is to provide an overview on the power of antioxidants in the inhibition of these biological catalysts, spanning in silico designs and synthesis of new compounds to the understanding of relevant action mechanisms. Both theoretical and experimental research devoted to accumulating the information repertoire useful for reinforcing treatments versus oxidative stress also implicated in many neurodegenerative processes are welcome, either in the case of identification of new compounds for new targets or in the use of already known species for new therapies.

Prof. Dr. Tiziana Marino
Dr. Mario Prejanò
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • antioxidants
  • bioactive compounds
  • oxidative stress
  • reactive oxygen species
  • enzyme inhibition

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 11032 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Catalase Inhibition Under e-Beam Irradiation
by Victoria Ipatova, Ulyana Bliznyuk, Polina Borshchegovskaya, Alexander Chernyaev, Maria Toropygina, Violetta Kim, Alexander Nikitchenko, Aleksandr Kozlov, Dmitry Yurov, Mikhail Beklemishev, Igor Rodin and Elena Kozlova
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(9), 4358; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26094358 - 3 May 2025
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Abstract
Catalase serves as a crucial component of the antioxidant defense system by catalyzing the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and molecular oxygen. This study investigated the effects of 1 MeV accelerated electron irradiation on catalase activity in model solutions at doses of [...] Read more.
Catalase serves as a crucial component of the antioxidant defense system by catalyzing the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and molecular oxygen. This study investigated the effects of 1 MeV accelerated electron irradiation on catalase activity in model solutions at doses of 100 Gy and 1000 Gy. Enzyme activity was assessed using two complementary methods: spectrophotometric analysis and the oxygen bubble method. The experimental results demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of catalase activity, indicating that substantial radiation-induced structural modifications may occur in the enzyme molecule as a result of irradiation. To understand the relationship between the irradiation dose and the catalase inhibition, calibration curves plotting the dependencies of hydrogen peroxide decomposition rate and the delayed appearance of oxygen bubbles after adding hydrogen peroxide to catalase saline solution on the catalase concentration showed a 1.5-fold reduction in catalase activity at 100 Gy and a 40-fold decrease at 1000 Gy. Based on these findings, we propose a novel biodosimetry approach utilizing the oxygen bubble formation delay time as an express assessment tool for detecting high radiation doses absorbed by biological objects, for example, food products. The results obtained in the study have important implications for evaluating radiation effects on biological systems, in particular catalase-containing food products, offering potential applications in radiation safety monitoring and food quality control. Full article
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