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RNA Editing/Modification in Health and Disease

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2025 | Viewed by 802

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
CNR—Istituto di Farmacologia Traslazionale, Rome, Italy
Interests: cancer

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Guest Editor
Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
Interests: neurodegenerative diseases; neurodevelopment; oxidative stress
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

RNA editing, RNA modifications, and RNA metabolism are dynamic players in health and disease, shaping cellular responses and molecular diversity. They play crucial roles in various cellular processes, impacting gene expression, RNA stability, and protein diversity. These mechanisms are essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and the proper functioning of biological pathways. The dysregulation of these processes can lead to disease states, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune conditions. The specific mechanisms and consequences of RNA editing, RNA modifications, and RNA metabolism are constantly under investigation to better understand and potentially target these processes for therapeutic purposes.

This Special Issue welcomes contributions that broaden our understanding of the role played by RNA editing, modifications, and metabolism in physiological processes and diseases.

Potential topics may include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • RNA editing—adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing and cytosine-to-uracil (C-to-U) RNA editing;
  • N6-methyladenosine (m6A);
  • Pseudouridine (Ψ);
  • 5-methylcytosine (m5C);
  • Ribose 2’-O-methylation (2’-O-Me);
  • RNA splicing and alternative splicing mechanisms;
  • RNA degradation pathways and their regulation;
  • RNA transport and localization;
  • RNA–protein interactions and their functional implications;
  • Non-coding RNA metabolism, including miRNAs, siRNAs, and lncRNAs.

Dr. Valeriana Cesarini
Dr. Piergiorgio La Rosa
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • RNA editing
  • RNA transport and localization
  • miRNAs
  • siRNAs
  • lncRNAs

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

18 pages, 1051 KiB  
Review
Unraveling ADAR-Mediated Protein Recoding: A Proteogenomic Exploration in Model Organisms and Human Pathology
by Viacheslav V. Kudriavskii, Anna A. Kliuchnikova, Anton O. Goncharov, Ekaterina V. Ilgisonis and Sergei A. Moshkovskii
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(14), 6837; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26146837 - 16 Jul 2025
Viewed by 168
Abstract
This paper summarizes the results of multi-year studies performed by our research team, focusing on an analysis of protein recoding mediated by messenger RNA editing by ADAR adenosine deaminases. Searching for ADAR-mediated protein recoding was performed in the central nervous system of the [...] Read more.
This paper summarizes the results of multi-year studies performed by our research team, focusing on an analysis of protein recoding mediated by messenger RNA editing by ADAR adenosine deaminases. Searching for ADAR-mediated protein recoding was performed in the central nervous system of the model organisms, fruit fly and mouse, as well as in the human proteomic datasets. The proteogenomic approach has made it possible to identify dozens of editing events in the proteome, thus validating the results of transcriptomic studies. The observed recoding events in animals, ranging from insects to mammals, mainly affect the cytoskeletal components and proteins involved in synaptic transmission. In humans, recoding changes are most often observed in the central nervous system or tumor tissues. Over 15 million editing sites have been identified in humans; only a few thousand of those can potentially yield amino acid substitutions. Using a proteogenomic approach, dozens of protein recoding sites are identified, demonstrating their origin in ADAR RNA editing. Moreover, this revealed that the level of recoding at specific sites is not directly related to the abundance of ADAR enzymes per se or their target proteins. The recoding processes probably have differential regulation of interactions at the mRNA level that is yet to be clarified. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue RNA Editing/Modification in Health and Disease)
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