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Molecular Research in Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Brain Dysfunctions
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Molecular Research in Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Brain Dysfunctions

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Neurobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 January 2024) | Viewed by 4886

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Changjong Moon

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Guest Editor
College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
Interests: behavioral neuroscience; cognitive function; emotional regulation; prefrontal cortex; hippocampus; molecular neurobiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The hippocampus, a key region of the medial temporal lobe, is involved in memory formation and consolidation. The subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus is one of two areas in the adult brain that keeps producing new neurons throughout life. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is tightly controlled by many environmental and cell-intrinsic factors that help the brain adapt to changes in its environment. Hippocampal neurogenesis is associated with memory formation and emotional regulation. Due to the significance of hippocampal neurogenesis for functional plasticity in the adult brain, many studies have focused on the different stages of neurogenesis, from neural stem cells to adult neurons. Several brain dysfunctions have detrimental effects on adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and the dysregulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis might partially explain the symptoms of neurological disorders. This Special Issue attempts to provide the most recent molecular knowledge on this topic by collecting original and review articles. This Special Issue will look at the possible mechanisms underlying physiological functions of hippocampal neurogenesis as well as its roles in pathological conditions.

Prof. Dr. Changjong Moon
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • adult hippocampal neurogenesis
  • memory formation and emotional regulation
  • dentate gyrus
  • molecular biology
  • neuroanl stem cells
  • functional plasticity

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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17 pages, 2985 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Effects of Pentose Phosphate Pathway Inhibition on the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Epileptiform Activity in Hippocampal Slices
by Daria Ponomareva, Anton Ivanov and Piotr Bregestovski
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(3), 1934; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031934 - 5 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2497
Abstract
The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is one of three major pathways involved in glucose metabolism, which is regulated by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) controls NADPH formation. NADPH, in turn, regulates the balance of oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. G6PD dysfunction, affecting [...] Read more.
The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is one of three major pathways involved in glucose metabolism, which is regulated by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) controls NADPH formation. NADPH, in turn, regulates the balance of oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. G6PD dysfunction, affecting the PPP, is implicated in neurological disorders, including epilepsy. However, PPP’s role in epileptogenesis and ROS production during epileptic activity remains unclear. To clarify these points, we conducted electrophysiological and imaging analyses on mouse hippocampal brain slices. Using the specific G6PD inhibitor G6PDi−1, we assessed its effects on mouse hippocampal slices, examining intracellular ROS, glucose/oxygen consumption, the NAD(P)H level and ROS production during synaptic stimulation and in the 4AP epilepsy model. G6PDi−1 increased basal intracellular ROS levels and reduced synaptically induced glucose consumption but had no impact on baselevel of NAD(P)H and ROS production from synaptic stimulation. In the 4AP model, G6PDi−1 did not significantly alter spontaneous seizure frequency or H2O2 release amplitude but increased the frequency and peak amplitude of interictal events. These findings suggest that short-term PPP inhibition has a minimal impact on synaptic circuit activity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research in Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Brain Dysfunctions)
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24 pages, 4323 KiB  
Article
Anti-Amnesia-like Effect of Pinus densiflora Extract by Improving Apoptosis and Neuroinflammation on Trimethyltin-Induced ICR Mice
by Min Ji Go, Jong Min Kim, Hyo Lim Lee, Tae Yoon Kim, Seung Gyum Joo, Ju Hui Kim, Han Su Lee, Dae-Ok Kim and Ho Jin Heo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(18), 14084; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241814084 - 14 Sep 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1848
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the anti-amnestic property of Korean red pine bark extract (KRPBE) on TMT-induced cognitive decline in ICR mice. As a result of looking at behavioral function, the consumption of KRPBE improved the spatial work ability, short-term learning, and [...] Read more.
This study was conducted to investigate the anti-amnestic property of Korean red pine bark extract (KRPBE) on TMT-induced cognitive decline in ICR mice. As a result of looking at behavioral function, the consumption of KRPBE improved the spatial work ability, short-term learning, and memory ability by Y-maze, passive avoidance, and Morris water maze tests. KRPBE suppressed antioxidant system damage by assessing the SOD activity, reduced GSH content, and MDA levels in brain tissue. In addition, it had a protective effect on cholinergic and synaptic systems by regulating ACh levels, AChE activity, and protein expression levels of ChAT, AChE, SYP, and PSD-95. Also, the KRPBE ameliorated TMT-induced mitochondrial damage by regulating the ROS content, MMP, and ATP levels. Treatment with KRPBE suppressed Aβ accumulation and phosphorylation of tau and reduced the expression level of BAX/BCl-2 ratio and caspase 3, improving oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Moreover, treatment with KRPBE improved cognitive dysfunction by regulating the neuro-inflammatory protein expression levels of p-JNK, p-Akt, p-IκB-α, COX-2, and IL-1β. Based on these results, the extract of Korean red pine bark, which is discarded as a byproduct of forestry, might be used as an eco-friendly material for functional foods or pharmaceuticals by having an anti-amnesia effect on cognitive impairment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research in Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Brain Dysfunctions)
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