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RNA-Based Products as New Sustainable Strategies to Control Plant Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 6859

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
Interests: plant pathology; biology and phylogeny of fungal plant pathogens; molecular diagnostics; sustainable crop protection; nanotechnology; RNA silencing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
Interests: carotenoid biosynthesis; cell totipotency; plant architecture; disease resistance; flower development; nanotechnology; plant hormones; RNA silencing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
Interests: carotenoid biosynthesis; cell totipotency; development of axillary meristem; disease resistance; flower symmetry; nanotechnology; plant hormones; RNA silencing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the breeding of crop plants, increasing crop yields have been a constant priority for farmers, and unfortunately the use of fertilizers and pesticides has often encouraged the productivity of selected genotypes to the detriment of the environment. In recent years, it has become increasingly evident that global warming, climate change, and industrial pollution are causing an increase in the frequency, complexity, and intensity of multifactorial combinations of stresses, affecting plants, soils, and microbial communities. It is therefore no coincidence that the EU legislation has recently established a framework for the sustainable use of agrochemicals to reduce the risks and impacts on human health and the environment. Recently, ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) as a biopesticide has emerged as an unusual solution to drastically reduce the negative environmental impacts. This innovative approach to countering biotic stress is, at present, in an experimental stage, and a number of interesting challenges have emerged for scientists, including the following:

  • Identify in the host and/or pathogen the target genes against which post-transcriptional silencing should be directed;
  • Select the gene sequences of interest to synthesize the appropriate dsRNAs essential to the silencing process. Produce large quantities of dsRNAs containing production costs;
  • Deliver dsRNA molecules as efficiently as possible;
  • Evaluate whether the binding of dsRNA with nanoparticles can improve the efficiency of their penetration into the host and/or pathogen and, most importantly, increase the efficacy of treatment over time.

Therefore, in order to resolve these critical aspects, it is desirable to collect new data in different areas:

  • Genetics of plant resistance and susceptibility to pathogens to identify the best target genes;
  • Pathogenicity and the virulence factors of pathogens;
  • Molecular biology techniques for optimizing dsRNA production;
  • Host–pathogen interaction and identification of the molecular communication factors involved.

This Special Issue invites submissions of original research papers, short communications, and review articles concerning plant pathology and plant genetics to present the advances in the goal of developing innovative RNA-based biopesticide for next-generation agriculture capable of feeding a world prone to climate change.

Dr. Susanna Pecchia
Dr. Marco Fambrini
Dr. Claudio Pugliesi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • agricultural nanotechnologies
  • bioinformatics in plant science
  • disease resistance
  • genomics-assisted breeding
  • host–pathogen interactions
  • next-generation sequencing
  • plant disease diagnostics
  • plant responses to biotic stress
  • RNA interference

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2362 KiB  
Article
An Optimized/Scale Up-Ready Protocol for Extraction of Bacterially Produced dsRNA at Good Yield and Low Costs
by Lucas Henrique Figueiredo Prates, Maximilian Merlau, Johanna Rühl-Teichner, Marc F. Schetelig and Irina Häcker
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(11), 9266; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119266 - 25 May 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3308
Abstract
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) can trigger RNA interference (RNAi) and lead to directed silencing of specific genes. This natural defense mechanism and RNA-based products have been explored for their potential as a sustainable and ecofriendly alternative for pest control of species of agricultural importance [...] Read more.
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) can trigger RNA interference (RNAi) and lead to directed silencing of specific genes. This natural defense mechanism and RNA-based products have been explored for their potential as a sustainable and ecofriendly alternative for pest control of species of agricultural importance and disease vectors. Yet, further research, development of new products and possible applications require a cost-efficient production of dsRNA. In vivo transcription of dsRNA in bacterial cells has been widely used as a versatile and inducible system for production of dsRNA combined with a purification step required to extract the dsRNA. Here, we optimized an acidic phenol-based protocol for extraction of bacterially produced dsRNA at low cost and good yield. In this protocol, bacterial cells are efficiently lysed, with no viable bacterial cells present in the downstream steps of the purification. Furthermore, we performed a comparative dsRNA quality and yield assessment of our optimized protocol and other protocols available in the literature and confirmed the cost-efficiency of our optimized protocol by comparing the cost of extraction and yields of each extraction method. Full article
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22 pages, 2494 KiB  
Article
Knockdown of Bmp1 and Pls1 Virulence Genes by Exogenous Application of RNAi-Inducing dsRNA in Botrytis cinerea
by Maria Spada, Claudio Pugliesi, Marco Fambrini, Diego Palpacelli and Susanna Pecchia
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(5), 4869; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054869 - 2 Mar 2023
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3069
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea is a pathogen of wide agronomic and scientific importance partly due to its tendency to develop fungicide resistance. Recently, there has been great interest in the use of RNA interference as a control strategy against B. cinerea. In order to [...] Read more.
Botrytis cinerea is a pathogen of wide agronomic and scientific importance partly due to its tendency to develop fungicide resistance. Recently, there has been great interest in the use of RNA interference as a control strategy against B. cinerea. In order to reduce the possible effects on non-target species, the sequence-dependent nature of RNAi can be used as an advantage to customize the design of dsRNA molecules. We selected two genes related to virulence: BcBmp1 (a MAP kinase essential for fungal pathogenesis) and BcPls1 (a tetraspanin related to appressorium penetration). After performing a prediction analysis of small interfering RNAs, dsRNAs of 344 (BcBmp1) and 413 (BcPls1) nucleotides were synthesized in vitro. We tested the effect of topical applications of dsRNAs, both in vitro by a fungal growth assay in microtiter plates and in vivo on artificially inoculated detached lettuce leaves. In both cases, topical applications of dsRNA led to gene knockdown with a delay in conidial germination for BcBmp1, an evident growth retardation for BcPls1, and a strong reduction in necrotic lesions on lettuce leaves for both genes. Furthermore, a strongly reduced expression of the BcBmp1 and BcPls1 genes was observed in both in vitro and in vivo experiments, suggesting that these genes could be promising targets for the development of RNAi-based fungicides against B. cinerea. Full article
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