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Antimicrobial Resistance, Molecular Mechanisms and Fight Strategies: 4th Edition
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Antimicrobial Resistance, Molecular Mechanisms and Fight Strategies: 4th Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2025 | Viewed by 2591

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Francesca Micoli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
GSK Vaccines Institute for Global Health (GVGH), 53100 Siena, Italy
Interests: infectious diseases; bacterial vaccines; glycoconjugate; carbohydrate; bio-assays; outer membrane vesicles; analytical methods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Aleksandra Królicka

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology UG-MUG, Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, University of Gdansk, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland
Interests: plant cell tissue; synergistic combination of drugs; biologically active compounds; transformation; phytopharmaceuticals; green synthesis of nanoparticles; drug resistance of bacteria
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The use of antibiotics has transformed the treatment of bacterial infections, saving and improving the health of many patients worldwide. However, the global emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been highlighted as one of the major global health challenges by different health organizations, compromising the ability to prevent and cure a wide range of infectious diseases. An integrated strategy that includes different interventions is required to fight AMR effectively. This includes the development of new molecules and the search for alternative microbe targets, molecular knowledge about mechanisms of resistance, faster diagnostic tests, monoclonal antibodies, microbiome interventions, the use of bacteriophages, and new approaches to delivering small-molecule antibacterial agents into bacteria. Vaccines can also play a major role. Vaccination possesses the benefit of sustainability, can be used for decades without generating significant resistance, and can slow the spread of antibiotic resistance both directly and indirectly.

Dr. Francesca Micoli
Dr. Aleksandra Królicka
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antimicrobial resistance
  • mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance
  • rapid antimicrobial-sensitive assays
  • drug discovery
  • antibiotics
  • vaccine
  • monoclonal antibodies
  • infectious diseases

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 1919 KiB  
Article
High-Pressure Processing Influences Antibiotic Resistance Gene Transfer in Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Food and Processing Environments
by Patryk Wiśniewski, Wioleta Chajęcka-Wierzchowska and Anna Zadernowska
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(23), 12964; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252312964 - 2 Dec 2024
Viewed by 919
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the high-pressure processing (HPP) impact on antibiotic resistance gene transfer in L. monocytogenes from food and food processing environments, both in vitro (in microbiological medium) and in situ (in carrot juice), using the membrane filter method. Survival, recovery, [...] Read more.
The study aimed to assess the high-pressure processing (HPP) impact on antibiotic resistance gene transfer in L. monocytogenes from food and food processing environments, both in vitro (in microbiological medium) and in situ (in carrot juice), using the membrane filter method. Survival, recovery, and frequency of antibiotic resistance gene transfer analyses were performed by treating samples with HPP at different pressures (200 MPa and 400 MPa). The results showed that the higher pressure (400 MPa) had a significant effect on increasing the transfer frequency of genes such as fosX, encoding fosfomycin resistance, and tet_A1, tet_A3, tetC, responsible for tetracycline resistance, both in vitro and in situ. In contrast, the Lde gene (the gene encoding ciprofloxacin resistance) was not transferred under any conditions. In the food matrix (carrot juice), greater variability in results was observed, suggesting that food matrices may have a protective effect on bacteria and modify HPP efficacy. In general, an increase in MIC values for antibiotics was noted in transconjugants compared to donors. Genotypic analysis of transconjugants showed differences in genetic structure, especially after exposure to 400 MPa pressure, indicating genotypic changes induced by pressure stress. The study confirms the possibility of antibiotic resistance genes transfer in the food environment, even from strains showing initial susceptibility to antibiotics carrying so-called silent antibiotic resistance genes, highlighting the public health risk of the potential spread of antibiotic-resistant strains through the food chain. The findings suggest that high-pressure processing can increase and decrease the frequency of resistance gene transfer depending on the strain, antibiotic combination, and processing conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance, Molecular Mechanisms and Fight Strategies: 4th Edition)
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18 pages, 7741 KiB  
Article
The Food Additive Benzaldehyde Confers a Broad Antibiotic Tolerance by Modulating Bacterial Metabolism and Inhibiting the Formation of Bacterial Flagella
by Xia Xiao, Can Ma, Han Zhang, Wei Liu, Yanhu Huang, Chuang Meng and Zhiqiang Wang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(16), 8843; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168843 - 14 Aug 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1098
Abstract
The rise of antibiotic tolerance in bacteria harboring genetic elements conferring resistance to antibiotics poses an increasing threat to public health. However, the primary factors responsible for the emergence of antibiotic tolerance and the fundamental molecular mechanisms involved remain poorly comprehended. Here, we [...] Read more.
The rise of antibiotic tolerance in bacteria harboring genetic elements conferring resistance to antibiotics poses an increasing threat to public health. However, the primary factors responsible for the emergence of antibiotic tolerance and the fundamental molecular mechanisms involved remain poorly comprehended. Here, we demonstrate that the commonly utilized food additive Benzaldehyde (BZH) possesses the capacity to induce a significant level of fluoroquinolone tolerance in vitro among resistant Escherichia coli. Our findings from animal models reveal that the pre-administration of BZH results in an ineffective eradication of bacteria through ciprofloxacin treatment, leading to similar survival rates and bacterial loads as observed in the control group. These results strongly indicate that BZH elicits in vivo tolerance. Mechanistic investigations reveal several key factors: BZH inhibits the formation of bacterial flagella and releases proton motive force (PMF), which aids in expelling antibiotics from within cells to reducing their accumulation inside. In addition, BZH suppresses bacterial respiration and inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, exogenous pyruvate successfully reverses BZH-induced tolerance and restores the effectiveness of antibiotics, highlighting how crucial the pyruvate cycle is in combating antibiotic tolerance. The present findings elucidate the underlying mechanisms of BZH-induced tolerance and highlight potential hazards associated with the utilization of BZH. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance, Molecular Mechanisms and Fight Strategies: 4th Edition)
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