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Mechanisms of Thyroid Hormone Signaling in Human Pathophysiology

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (22 August 2024) | Viewed by 2439

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Translational Oncology Research, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba 44821, Israel
2. The Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
Interests: thyroid hormones; deiodinases; cancer; ovarian cancer; nuclear receptors

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Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: thyroid hormones; nuclear receptors; deiodinases; hormone-sensitive cancer; skeletal muscle
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (THs, T3 and T4) are strictly regulated by their central and peripheral levels, thereby adjusting the final availability of THs in the target cells. A new paradigm has ascertained that the combination of TH genomic and non-genomic actions reveals the variety of the physiological and pathological actions of these pleiotropic hormones. Although research over recent decades has provided a plethora of demonstrations of TH-dependent actions in multiple physiological systems, our understanding of the global picture of TH action still remains largely uncertain.

This Special Issue is devoted to reviewing the current knowledge and novel discoveries of the genomic and non-genomic actions of THs in different physiological and pathological conditions.

Prof. Dr. Osnat Ashur-Fabian
Prof. Dr. Monica Dentice
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • thyroid hormones
  • nuclear receptors
  • thyroid transporters
  • genomic-versus-non genomic action
  • central and peripheral regulation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 8221 KiB  
Article
MicroRNA Profiling in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
by Richard Armos, Bence Bojtor, Marton Papp, Ildiko Illyes, Balazs Lengyel, Andras Kiss, Balazs Szili, Balint Tobias, Bernadett Balla, Henriett Piko, Anett Illes, Zsuzsanna Putz, Andras Kiss, Erika Toth, Istvan Takacs, Janos P. Kosa and Peter Lakatos
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(17), 9362; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179362 - 29 Aug 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1909
Abstract
Genetic alterations are well known to be related to the pathogenesis and prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Some miRNA expression dysregulations have previously been described in the context of cancer development including thyroid carcinoma. In our study, we performed original molecular diagnostics [...] Read more.
Genetic alterations are well known to be related to the pathogenesis and prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Some miRNA expression dysregulations have previously been described in the context of cancer development including thyroid carcinoma. In our study, we performed original molecular diagnostics on tissue samples related to our own patients. We aimed to identify all dysregulated miRNAs in potential association with PTC development via sequencing much higher numbers of control-matched PTC tissue samples and analyzing a wider variety of miRNA types than previous studies. We analyzed the expression levels of 2656 different human miRNAs in the context of 236 thyroid tissue samples (118 tumor and control pairs) related to anonymized PTC cases. Also, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and GO framework analysis were used to establish the links between miRNA dysregulation and certain biological processes, pathways of signaling, molecular functions, and cellular components. A total of 30 significant differential miRNA expressions with at least ±1 log2 fold change were found related to PTC including, e.g., miR-551b, miR-146b, miR-221, miR-222, and miR-375, among others, being highly upregulated, as well as miR-873 and miR-204 being downregulated. In addition, we identified miRNA patterns in vast databases (KEGG and GO) closely similar to that of PTC including, e.g., miRNA patterns of prostate cancer, HTLV infection, HIF-1 signaling, cellular responses to growth factor stimulus and organic substance, and negative regulation of gene expression. We also found 352 potential associations between certain miRNA expressions and states of clinicopathological variables. Our findings—supported by the largest case number of original matched-control PTC–miRNA relation research—suggest a distinct miRNA expression profile in PTC that could contribute to a deeper understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms promoting the pathogenesis of the disease. Moreover, significant miRNA expression deviations and their signaling pathways in PTC presented in our study may serve as potential biomarkers for PTC diagnosis and prognosis or even therapeutic targets in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanisms of Thyroid Hormone Signaling in Human Pathophysiology)
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