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Molecular Immunologic Perspectives on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2025 | Viewed by 1660

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Infectious disease continues to endanger human lives, causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), is believed to have been existence for several thousand years. TB continues to cause 1.6 million deaths every year and 10 million new cases annually worldwide. While the incidence of TB has been steadily decreasing in countries like USA and Canada due to stringent public health measures, the number of active infections caused by non-tuberculous Mycobacteria has increased by more than 100% in these countries, with more than five million deaths in recent years.

Ever since HIV was first discovered in 1981, more than 40 million people have died due to AIDS. Currently, 37 million people are living with HIV infection. Individuals living with HIV with low CD4 T cell counts are increasingly susceptible to M. tb. The pandemic, caused by different variants of SARS-CoV2, has resulted in neglect when it comes to the management of several infectious diseases, including TB and malaria.

The Special Issue will include original articles pertaining to molecular immunologic perspectives on Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, host–pathogen interactions, and pathogenesis in the context of chronic infections. Articles, case reports, and reviews on the current breakthroughs in this field are highly welcomed.

We welcome articles on the most recent advances in the discovery of novel therapeutic compounds and repurposed drugs that can potentially be utilized against M. tb. We also invite submissions on preclinical research findings obtained from mechanistic studies.

Prof. Dr. Vishwanath Venketaraman
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • M. tb infection
  • molecular immunology
  • HIV
  • AIDS
  • pathogenesis
  • host immune responses
  • adjunctive therapy
  • immune-enhancing agents
  • antimycobacterial compounds
  • host-directed therapies
  • pathogenesis
  • modulation of host immune responses

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

17 pages, 1155 KiB  
Review
Advances in Host–Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis: Emerging Strategies for Therapeutic Intervention
by Mohammad J. Nasiri and Vishwanath Venketaraman
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(4), 1621; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26041621 - 14 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1275
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most challenging infectious diseases, with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) employing sophisticated mechanisms to evade host immunity and establish persistent infections. This review explores recent advances in understanding Mtb’s immune evasion strategies; granuloma dynamics; and emerging immunotherapeutic approaches. Key [...] Read more.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most challenging infectious diseases, with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) employing sophisticated mechanisms to evade host immunity and establish persistent infections. This review explores recent advances in understanding Mtb’s immune evasion strategies; granuloma dynamics; and emerging immunotherapeutic approaches. Key findings highlight the manipulation of host autophagy; metabolic reprogramming; and cytokine pathways by Mtb to sustain its survival within host cells. Insights into granuloma formation reveal the critical role of bacterial lipids; immune modulation; and hypoxia-driven dormancy in maintaining chronic infection. Innovative therapeutic strategies, including host-directed therapies; epigenetic interventions; and immunomodulators, hold promise for improving TB management and combating drug-resistant strains. Despite these advancements, significant challenges remain, including the development of effective vaccines; addressing latent TB; and ensuring equitable access to novel treatments. The integration of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and multi-omics approaches, alongside global collaboration, is essential to overcome these hurdles. This review underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to tackling TB, with the ultimate goal of eradicating this global health threat. Full article
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