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Role of MicroRNAs in Cancer Development and Treatment 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2024 | Viewed by 1254

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Medical Biology, Medical University Plovdiv, 15-А Vasil Aprilov Bul, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Interests: identification of cancer-related miRNAs and their targets; role of ncRNA in molecular oncology; personalized medicine; non-coding RNAs; transcriptomics; cancer pathobiology; head and neck cancer; colorectal cancer
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a prominent part of the non-coding landscape of the human genome. Their role is performed on the post-transcriptional level, and is accomplished by base pairing with the 3′-UTR of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). As a consequence, mRNA degradation or translational inhibition occurs, which finally leads to the absence of a protein product. Being part of the human non-coding transcriptome, miRNAs reside in regions that frequently undergo alterations in malignancies. As a consequence, the specific deregulation of miRNAs that control genes involved in the cell cycle, senescence, and apoptosis is observed in all human cancers. Therefore, the specific expression profile of miRNA in different cancers, together with their stability and easy detection, provides excellent biomarker properties of miRNAs that can be used for diagnoses and staging, and may have wide clinical applications.

This Special Issue focuses on information regarding the potential of miRNAs to regulate protein-coding gene expression at the post-transcriptional level in cancer development and treatment. Authors are encouraged to submit their original research studies concerning this topic. Review articles will also be taken into consideration. We hope that this Special Issue, regarding the identity, biological role, and/or clinical utility of miRNAs, will arouse the interest of the readers of this journal.

Dr. Nikolay Mehterov
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • microRNAs (miRNAs)
  • transcriptomics
  • functional studies
  • cancer pathobiology
  • solid tumors
  • hematological malignancies
  • molecular biomarkers
  • therapeutic targets
  • apoptosis
  • anticancer drugs radiotherapy
  • chemotharapy failure

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 2280 KiB  
Article
Identification of a Panel of miRNAs Associated with Resistance to Palbociclib and Endocrine Therapy
by Rosalba Torrisi, Valentina Vaira, Laura Giordano, Bethania Fernandes, Giuseppe Saltalamacchia, Raffaella Palumbo, Carlo Carnaghi, Vera Basilico, Francesco Gentile, Giovanna Masci, Rita De Sanctis and Armando Santoro
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(3), 1498; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031498 - 25 Jan 2024
Viewed by 805
Abstract
We investigated whether we could identify a panel of miRNAs associated with response to treatment in tumor tissues of patients with Hormone Receptor-positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer treated with endocrine therapy (ET) and the CDK4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i)i palbociclib. In total, 52 patients were evaluated, [...] Read more.
We investigated whether we could identify a panel of miRNAs associated with response to treatment in tumor tissues of patients with Hormone Receptor-positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer treated with endocrine therapy (ET) and the CDK4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i)i palbociclib. In total, 52 patients were evaluated, with 41 receiving treatment as the first line. The overall median PFS was 20.8 months (range 2.5–66.6). In total, 23% of patients experienced early progression (<6 months). Seven miRNAs (miR-378e, miR-1233, miR-99b-5p, miR-1260b, miR-448, -miR-1252-5p, miR-324-3p, miR-1233-3p) showed a statistically significant negative association with PFS. When we considered PFS < 6 months, miR-378e, miR-99b-5p, miR-877-5p, miR-1297, miR-455-5p, and miR-4536-5p were statistically associated with a poor outcome. In the multivariate analysis, the first three miRNAs confirmed a significant and independent impact on PFS. The literature data and bioinformatic tools provide an underlying molecular rationale for most of these miRNAs, mainly involving the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and cell-cycle machinery as cyclin D1, CDKN1B, and protein p27Kip1 and autophagy. Our findings propose a novel panel of miRNAs associated with a higher likelihood of early progression in patients treated with ET and Palbociclib and may contribute to shed some light on the mechanisms of de novo resistance to CDK4/6i, but this should be considered exploratory and evaluated in larger cohorts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of MicroRNAs in Cancer Development and Treatment 2.0)
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