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Microbiome and Bioactive Compounds: Insights into Health, Disease, and Therapeutic Potential

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2025) | Viewed by 239

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
2. Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
Interests: lupus; immune

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Guest Editor
Gwanju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwanju 61715, Republic of Korea
Interests: microbiome; gut microbiome; brain diseases; neurobiology; probiotics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The gut microbiome plays a critical role in regulating host physiology, influencing metabolic, immune, and neurological pathways. Recent advances in microbiome research have highlighted the complex interplay between microbial communities and bioactive compounds, including metabolites, dietary components, and pharmacological agents. This Special Issue will focus on cutting-edge research that explores the relationship between the microbiome and bioactive compounds, aiming to uncover novel mechanisms underlying their effects on health and disease. Topics of interest for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Microbiome-mediated mechanisms of bioactive compounds in immune modulation, inflammation, and metabolic regulation.
  • The role of microbiome-derived metabolites in chronic diseases such as autoimmune disorders, cancer, and neurological conditions.
  • Multi-omics approaches (metagenomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics) to uncover microbial interactions and pathways.
  • Microbiome-based therapeutic strategies and the development of next-generation probiotics or pharmabiotics.

Dr. Eui-Jeong Han
Dr. Hea-jong Chung
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • gut microbiome
  • bioactive compounds
  • multi-omics approaches
  • probiotics

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 4830 KiB  
Article
Site-Specific Gut Microbiome Changes After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass in Rats: Effects of a Multicomponent Bovine Colostrum-Based Complex
by Zhanagul Khassenbekova, Kadyrzhan Makangali, Aruzhan Shoman, Assem Sagandyk, Nurislam Mukhanbetzhanov, Farkhad Tarikhov, Timur Fazylov, Ylham Annaorazov, Elizaveta Vinogradova, Samat Kozhakhmetov and Almagul Kushugulova
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(15), 7186; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26157186 - 25 Jul 2025
Abstract
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery induces profound gut microbiota alterations that may impact metabolic outcomes. This study investigated site-specific effects of a multicomponent bovine colostrum-honey-serviceberry (CHJ) complex on post-RYGB microbiome changes in obese rats. Twenty-nine Wistar rats underwent RYGB surgery with CHJ supplementation, [...] Read more.
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery induces profound gut microbiota alterations that may impact metabolic outcomes. This study investigated site-specific effects of a multicomponent bovine colostrum-honey-serviceberry (CHJ) complex on post-RYGB microbiome changes in obese rats. Twenty-nine Wistar rats underwent RYGB surgery with CHJ supplementation, followed by mucosal-associated microbiota analysis from five gastrointestinal segments using 16S rRNA sequencing and serum metabolite profiling. RYGB caused regional-specific changes: decreased alpha diversity, systematic Proteobacteria increases (31.2 ± 5.1% in duodenum), and reductions in SCFA-producing bacteria (Romboutsia, Roseburia). CHJ supplementation exhibited dual effects on the microbiome: restoration of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium) in distal segments while concurrently promoting Enterobacteriaceae growth in proximal regions. CHJ also maintained alpha diversity levels of the mucosa-associated microbiota comparable to those observed in the control group. Disconnects emerged between predicted microbial functions and systemic metabolites: thiamine pathway activation accompanied 78.5% serum vitamin B1 reduction, indicating severe absorption deficits. Three distinct patterns emerged: pro-inflammatory (proximal), decolonization (widespread Helicobacteraceae loss), and restorative (selective CHJ-mediated recovery). Results demonstrate that post-RYGB dysbiosis exhibits profound regional heterogeneity requiring segment-specific interventions and highlight complex interactions between nutritional supplementation and surgically altered gut ecology in determining metabolic outcomes. Full article
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