Traditional and Emerging Food Drying Technologies

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Engineering and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2026 | Viewed by 7871

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: food engineering; infrared drying; freeze drying; food properties; bioengineering; biotechnological production of food ingredients
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: food engineering; food rheology; freeze drying; foam drying; food structure; 3D printing in food production
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Drying food is one of the oldest food processing processes. By reducing the water content of food, this technique allows for the establishment of microbiologically stable products. This method not only addresses the needs of traditional consumers, but also aligns with contemporary expectations for convenient and nutritionally dense food. Dried foods attract the interest of distributors due to their extended shelf life and reduced weight. Moreover, dried foods represent a concentrated source of nutritional components, establishing themselves as fundamental ingredients in natural dietary supplements. There is ongoing interest in both traditional drying technologies, including solar drying and convection drying, and modern techniques leveraging unconventional heat sources. Some modern technologies, such as freeze-drying, have long histories. The integration of modern technology with conventional drying methods often fosters innovative approaches, as exemplified by the application of modern pre-treatment techniques, such as pulsed electric fields, prior to convective drying processes.

A comprehensive understanding of food science facilitates the design of new products, enabling modifications in structure and shape through the synergistic application of both traditional and modern drying methods. Therefore, this Special Issue invites submissions of research findings and evaluations pertaining to both classical techniques and novel technologies in drying, alongside their application in the production of both traditional and modern food products.

Dr. Dorota Nowak
Prof. Dr. Ewa Jakubczyk
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • convenience food
  • solar drying
  • convection drying
  • infrared drying
  • vacuum drying
  • freeze drying
  • microwave drying
  • hybrid food supplements

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 6347 KB  
Article
Tailoring Freeze-Drying for Starter Cultures Preservation: A Case Study with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum
by Antoni Miecznikowski, Katarzyna Wierzchowska, Renata Choińska and Agata Fabiszewska
Foods 2026, 15(11), 1928; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15111928 - 29 May 2026
Abstract
Freeze-drying is a crucial technique for preserving bacterial strains, yet its efficiency depends heavily on the precise selection of protective agents. This study aimed to optimize freeze-drying conditions for the commercially relevant, non-GMO strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum K KKP/593/p. The cryoprotective effects of glycerol, [...] Read more.
Freeze-drying is a crucial technique for preserving bacterial strains, yet its efficiency depends heavily on the precise selection of protective agents. This study aimed to optimize freeze-drying conditions for the commercially relevant, non-GMO strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum K KKP/593/p. The cryoprotective effects of glycerol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and trehalose were evaluated, alongside various carriers including skim milk powder, maltodextrin, inulin, and starch. Survival rates were determined using the plate count method on MRS agar, complemented by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for microstructural analysis. Results indicated that skim milk powder was the superior carrier, significantly outperforming polysaccharides. Among the protective agents, glycerol exhibited the highest efficacy, while trehalose and DMSO were suboptimal. The most effective formulation 20% glycerol without prior incubation combined with skim milk powder at 0.75:1 (w/w, total mass) ratio maintained maximum viability with no statistically significant decrease. SEM observations confirmed that this synergistic combination ensured a stable, porous matrix favorable for rehydration. These findings emphasize that while synergistic multi-component systems are essential for maximizing post-process viability, cryoprotective formulations must be empirically tailored to specific bacterial strains to ensure industrial efficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Traditional and Emerging Food Drying Technologies)
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Review

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33 pages, 2178 KB  
Review
Current Status of Grain Drying Technology and Equipment Development: A Review
by Pengpeng Yu, Wenhui Zhu, Chaoping Shen, Yu Qiao, Wenya Zhang, Yansheng Zhu, Jun Gong and Jianrong Cai
Foods 2025, 14(14), 2426; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14142426 - 9 Jul 2025
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 7310
Abstract
Grain drying technology is a core process for ensuring food quality, extending storage life, and improving processing adaptability. With the continuous growth of global food demand and the increasing requirements for food quality and energy efficiency, traditional drying technologies face multiple challenges. This [...] Read more.
Grain drying technology is a core process for ensuring food quality, extending storage life, and improving processing adaptability. With the continuous growth of global food demand and the increasing requirements for food quality and energy efficiency, traditional drying technologies face multiple challenges. This paper reviews six major grain drying technologies, comprising hot air drying, microwave drying, infrared drying, freeze drying, vacuum drying, and solar drying. It provides an in-depth discussion of the working principles, advantages, and limitations of each technology, and analyzes their performance in practical applications. In response to challenges such as high energy consumption, uneven drying, and quality loss during the drying process, the paper also explores the research progress of several hybrid drying systems, such as microwave–hot air drying combined systems and solar–infrared drying systems. Although these emerging technologies show significant potential in improving drying efficiency, energy saving, and maintaining food quality, their high costs, scalability, and process stability still limit large-scale applications. Therefore, future research should focus on reducing energy consumption, improving drying precision, and optimizing drying system integration, particularly by introducing intelligent control systems. This would maximize the preservation of food quality while improving the system’s economic efficiency and sustainability, promoting innovation in food production and processing technologies, and further advancing global food security and sustainable agricultural development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Traditional and Emerging Food Drying Technologies)
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