State-of-the-Art Food Gels

A special issue of Gels (ISSN 2310-2861). This special issue belongs to the section "Gel Chemistry and Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2026 | Viewed by 1890

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: food texture and rheology; drying and osmotic dehydration; acoustic properties of food; food foams; gels; extruded cereals
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: freezing; recrystallization; ice cream; gels; food hydrocolloids; bioengineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Food gels, with their unique structural and functional properties, have emerged as a cornerstone of modern food science and technology. From enhancing texture and stability to enabling innovative applications in nutrient delivery, plant-based alternatives, and personalized nutrition, these soft materials are redefining the boundaries of food innovation. This Special Issue, State-of-the-Art Food Gels, aims to highlight cutting-edge advances in the design, characterization, and application of food-grade gels, bridging interdisciplinary research across materials science, food engineering, colloid chemistry, and nutrition.

We invite contributions exploring novel gelation mechanisms, sustainable fabrication techniques (e.g., 3D printing, enzymatic crosslinking), and the integration of emerging ingredients such as alternative proteins, polysaccharides, and bioactive compounds. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Design and Innovation: Rheological, mechanical, and sensory properties of food gels; hybrid/composite gels.
  • Functional Applications: Gel-based systems for controlled release, meat/dairy analogs, and functional foods targeting health (e.g., gut health, satiety, sports energy gels).

The issue focuses on food gelation and novel functions therein. We call for relevant research publications to reflect the most recent progress on this topic, or to highlight the most crucial scientific emphasis. You are kindly encouraged to submit a manuscript(s) to this Special Issue, where research articles, communications, and scientific reviews are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Ewa Jakubczyk
Dr. Anna Kaminska-Dworznicka
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Gels is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • food gels
  • starch
  • oleogels
  • food hydrocolloids
  • natural biopolymers
  • food texture and rheology
  • functional food
  • dried gels
  • aerated gels
  • gelling agents
  • 3D printing

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 2485 KB  
Article
Food Gels of Fish Protein Isolate from Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) By-Products Recovered by pH Shift
by Svetlana Derkach, Yuliya Kuchina, Daria Kolotova, Ekaterina Borovinskaya, Svetlana Voropaeva, Nikolay Voron’ko, Alena Nikiforova, Mariya Klimovitskaya, Alexander Klimovitskii, Vladislav Abramov, Elena Anikeenko and Yuriy Zuev
Gels 2025, 11(12), 970; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11120970 - 2 Dec 2025
Viewed by 345
Abstract
Food gels were obtained using fish protein isolate recovered from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) by-products using the isoelectric solubilisation/precipitation method. The use of low temperatures (not exceeding 10 °C) at the alkaline solubilisation stage resulted in the production of a fish [...] Read more.
Food gels were obtained using fish protein isolate recovered from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) by-products using the isoelectric solubilisation/precipitation method. The use of low temperatures (not exceeding 10 °C) at the alkaline solubilisation stage resulted in the production of a fish protein isolate with high-molecular mass (FPI-1), while the use of high temperatures (24 °C) resulted in the production of a fish protein isolate with low-molecular mass (FPI-2). The isolates demonstrated excellent gelling and nutritional properties based on their amino acid profiles. The denaturation temperatures of FPI-1 and FPI-2 determined by DSC were 163.0 and 158.5 °C. The secondary structure of FPI-1 demonstrated a high α-helix content and a low random coil content compared to FPI-2. The high-molecular isolate formed stronger gels than the low-molecular isolate, which is explained by the formation of a dense gel network with small pores of about 250 nm. The recovered cod protein isolates can be successfully used as food ingredients or food additives in the production of gel-like/enriched products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Food Gels)
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22 pages, 2916 KB  
Article
Influence of Hydrocolloids on Lipid Digestion and Vitamin D Bioaccessibility of Emulsion-Filled Soft Gels
by Carla Arancibia, Cristóbal Rojas, Matías Meneses, Karen Vielma, Teresa Vásquez and Natalia Riquelme
Gels 2025, 11(12), 964; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11120964 - 29 Nov 2025
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Abstract
The global increase in the older population presents a nutritional challenge; therefore, the development of food products for this group must take into account the physiological changes associated with aging. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of droplet size, conventional emulsion (CE) [...] Read more.
The global increase in the older population presents a nutritional challenge; therefore, the development of food products for this group must take into account the physiological changes associated with aging. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of droplet size, conventional emulsion (CE) and nanoemulsion (NE), and different hydrocolloids, soy protein (SPI), whey protein (WPI), agar (AG), and κ-carrageenan (CAR), on the physical properties, lipid digestibility, and bioaccessibility of emulsion-based gels enriched with vitamin D. The main findings indicated that all gels exhibited non-Newtonian behavior and suitable viscosity and texture for the swallowing needs of older people. The highest release of free fatty acids (~30%) was observed in the NE + WPI sample, independent of droplet size. Instead, SPI gels showed the highest vitamin D bioaccessibility, likely due to their less-structured gel network. Thus, gels containing WPI + AG provide a favorable balance between an easy-to-swallow texture and efficient nutrient release, making them suitable for producing food based on emulsion-filled gels with good physical and nutritional properties. Hence, these results highlight the potential of tailored hydrocolloid combinations to develop nutrient-fortified and texture-appropriate gels that address the nutritional needs of the older population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Food Gels)
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16 pages, 1819 KB  
Article
Influence of Rice Physicochemical Properties on High-Quality Fresh Wet Rice Noodles: Amylose and Gel Consistency as Key Factors
by Dezhi Zhao, Yuanyuan Deng, Qi Huang, Guang Liu, Yan Zhang, Xiaojun Tang, Pengfei Zhou, Zhihao Zhao, Jiarui Zeng, Ying Liu and Ping Li
Gels 2025, 11(9), 696; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11090696 - 2 Sep 2025
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Abstract
Fresh wet rice noodles (FWRNs) are a popular staple food in southern China. The quality of rice varieties results in the inconsistent quality of FWRNs. However, evaluation of rice adaptability for the production of FWRNs is not comprehensive due to the absence of [...] Read more.
Fresh wet rice noodles (FWRNs) are a popular staple food in southern China. The quality of rice varieties results in the inconsistent quality of FWRNs. However, evaluation of rice adaptability for the production of FWRNs is not comprehensive due to the absence of unified screening standards. In this study, twelve rice varieties in southern China were selected to analyze the correlations between rice’s physicochemical properties and the quality characteristics of FWRNs. Results showed that KIM, GC, and IZG rice exhibited a high chalky grain rate and low gel consistency, while the related starches had a high amylose content, high setback value, and low short-range order. Their noodles achieved high total sensory scores and exhibited high levels of sensory and textural qualities. Correlation analysis revealed that the chalky grain rate, chalkiness degree, protein and fat contents, and amylose content were significantly and positively correlated with the hardness, elasticity, chewiness, and total sensory score of FWRNs. Therefore, based on the structural parameters of KIM and GC rice, amylose content between 26–28% and gel consistency between 33–36 mm would be the key factors for raw rice to make high-quality FWRNs. These results offer theoretical guidance for rice selection in the industrial-scale production of FWRNs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Food Gels)
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