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Fishes
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Oxidative Stress in Fishes and Molluscs
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Oxidative Stress in Fishes and Molluscs

A special issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888). This special issue belongs to the section "Physiology and Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2022) | Viewed by 6068

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ana Rita Lopes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
MARE - Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande 016, 1600-548 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: marine biology; marine ecology; physiology; ecotoxicology; climate change
Dr. Tiago Grilo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
MARE - Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande 016, 1600-548 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: environmental toxicology; marine ecology; climate change; biomarkers; multiple stressors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Oxidative stress, known as the production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as singlet oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals, can damage lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Under normal conditions, marine organisms display a powerful set of antioxidant mechanisms (i.e., enzymatic and non-enzymatic) to counterbalance ROS production and avoid oxidative stress and, consequently, damage. Nonetheless, when exposed to stressful environments (e.g., thermal stress, contamination, salinity variation, among others), there is an overproduction of ROS weakening the efficiency of their antioxidant systems.

Fishes and molluscs are among the most ecological and economically important groups of aquatic organisms. Given their life cycle traits, they are exposed to fluctuations of environmental conditions daily, being particularly susceptible to oxidative stress.

As Guest Editors of this Special Issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888) entitled “Oxidative Stress in Fishes and Molluscs”, we kindly invite the submission of innovative and multidisciplinary studies on the oxidative stress response of molluscs and fish species to multiple stressors under both laboratory and field conditions.

Dr. Ana Rita Lopes
Dr. Tiago Grilo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fishes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oxidative stress
  • reactive oxygen species
  • fish
  • molluscs
  • environmental stressors

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1181 KiB  
Article
Erythrocyte Respiratory Activity of the Mitochondrial Complex of the Black Sea Thornback Ray (Raja clavata L.) under the Influence of Certain Activators and Inhibitors In Vitro
by Yuriy A. Silkin, Mikhail Yu. Silkin, Sergey M. Korotkov, Elizaveta N. Silkina and Alla Silkina
Fishes 2022, 7(6), 376; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060376 - 7 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1701
Abstract
Global warming implies the risk of a changing oxygen regime in the seas and oceans of our planet. The mitochondrial complex of nuclear erythrocytes of cartilaginous fish, as the energy basis of blood cells, has repeatedly encountered such climatic fluctuations throughout their evolutionary [...] Read more.
Global warming implies the risk of a changing oxygen regime in the seas and oceans of our planet. The mitochondrial complex of nuclear erythrocytes of cartilaginous fish, as the energy basis of blood cells, has repeatedly encountered such climatic fluctuations throughout their evolutionary history. In this regard, the features of the adaptive strategy of the erythrocyte mitochondrial complex in the thornback ray (Raja clavata L.) are of interest from the evolutionary and ecological points of view. The rate of oxygen consumption in resuspended (Ht = 25–30%) erythrocytes taken from the Black Sea thornback ray in saline was studied by the polarographic method. A high “basal” rate of respiration in the erythrocytes of the thornback ray was shown, which ranged from 10.5 to 21.6 pmol O2 min−1·106 cells. The addition of substrates of the mitochondrial respiration activators glutamate, maleate, and succinate to the erythrocyte suspension caused a 2–6-fold increase in the respiratory activity of thornback ray erythrocytes. In cases where the rate of respiration of erythrocytes was high, protonophore–dinitrophenol caused an inhibition of the activity of mitochondrial respiration. At low respiration rates of erythrocytes, its effect was opposite and caused a stimulation of mitochondrial respiration. Oligomycin caused a significant inhibition of the respiratory activity of the red blood cell suspension of the thornback ray. This suppression of cell respiration was enhanced under conditions of exposure to the permeabilization of erythrocytes with digitonin. This can be recommended as one of the ways to block the respiratory activity of erythrocytes in cartilaginous fish. Another way of effectively blocking the respiration of the mitochondrial complex of the thornback ray’s erythrocytes was the effect of the blockers rotenone and sodium azide. The peculiarity of the mitochondria of the erythrocytes of the thornback ray was the absence of the complete inhibition of respiration by sodium azide (NaN3), which is characteristic of the mitochondria of other fish species. Our data on the activation of the “respiration” of erythrocytes in fish indicate that the potential capabilities of cold-blooded and warm-blooded vertebrates have rather similar characteristics. This may indicate the initial “laying” of the architecture of the inner membrane to support the energy potential of the mitochondria of the cell. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Fishes and Molluscs)
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17 pages, 12169 KiB  
Article
A Preliminary Study on the Effects of Nitrite Exposure on Hematological Parameters, Oxidative Stress, and Immune-Related Responses in Pearl Gentian Grouper
by Hongzhi Zhang, Dan Fang, Jun Mei, Jing Xie and Weiqiang Qiu
Fishes 2022, 7(5), 235; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7050235 - 3 Sep 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3748
Abstract
Nitrite represents one of the most typical contaminants in aqueous species. The research was conducted to evaluate the impacts of nitrite exposure on the survival, gill morphology, hematological parameters, immune response, and meat flavor of pearl gentian grouper. The fish were exposed to [...] Read more.
Nitrite represents one of the most typical contaminants in aqueous species. The research was conducted to evaluate the impacts of nitrite exposure on the survival, gill morphology, hematological parameters, immune response, and meat flavor of pearl gentian grouper. The fish were exposed to 0, 5, 10, and 20 mg/L of nitrite for 96 h (note: N-0, N-5, N-10, and N-20 indicate nitrite concentrations of 0, 5, 10, and 20 mg/L, respectively). The blood, gills, and muscles were collected from fish to determine hematological parameters, immune response, oxidative stress, and meat flavor after 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, and 96 h of exposure. The data showed that the aspartate aminotransferase (AST), cortisol (COR), malondialdehyde (MDA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and free amino acids (FAAs) contents were significantly increased, while the glutathione (GSH), immunoglobulin M (IgM), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lysozyme (LZM) contents were remarkably declined in the N-20 group after 72 h of exposure. In gills, exposure to the higher concentrations of nitrite resulted in the proliferation and hypertrophy of epithelial cells of gill lamellae, as well as an increase in mucous cells. In addition, all fish in the N-10 and N-20 groups died after 96 h of exposure. Our findings suggested that exposure to higher concentrations of nitrite disrupted blood physiology and oxidative stress, leading to dysfunction in the pearl gentian grouper. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Fishes and Molluscs)
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