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A special issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Aquaculture".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2024) | Viewed by 8229

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Neculai Patriche

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Guest Editor

Institute for Research and Development in Aquatic Ecology, Fishing and Aquaculture, 54 Portului Street, 800211 Galati, Romania
Interests: aquaculture; sturgeons technologies; fish farming and engineering technologies; fish pathology; biotechnologies; biodiversity of living aquatic resources

Dr. Elena Sîrbu

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Guest Editor

Institute for Research and Development in Aquatic Ecology, Fishing and Aquaculture, 54 Portului Street, 800211 Galati, Romania
Interests: aquaculture; technologies; nutrition; probiotics; prebiotics; synbiotics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The coordination of research and development activities involves the application of modern technologies to rear different fish species and increase expected production. Any form of aquaculture practiced in modernized farming systems (e.g., RAS, raceways) through the adaptation of feed to the nutritional requirements of the cultured species and the carrying capacity of the system contributes to the development and optimization of applied technologies to achieve high fish production. Current concerns about the replacement of animal protein sources with plant protein sources in feed, the use of biotic complexes as an alternative to decreasing the use of antibiotics and chemotherapeutic substances, and reducing the impact of diseases in the context of existing climate change require the identification of viable technological solutions that can lead to the final product in conditions of food safety and security.

Prof. Dr. Neculai Patriche
Dr. Elena Sîrbu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fishes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

aquaculture
sturgeon technologies
fish farming and engineering technologies
fish pathology
biotechnologies
biodiversity of living aquatic resources

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 4046 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Age, Growth, and Mortality of Pontic Shad, Alosa immaculata Bennett, 1835, in the Danube River, Romania

by Desimira Maria Stroe, Mirela Cretu, Magdalena Tenciu, Floricel Maricel Dima, Neculai Patriche, George Tiganov and Lorena Dediu

Fishes 2024, 9(4), 128; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9040128 - 2 Apr 2024

Viewed by 932

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the growth, mortality parameters, and exploitation rate of Pontic shad, Alosa immaculata Benett, 1835, in the Danube River, Romania (km 169–197). The sampling collection started with the first signs of Pontic shad migration, on 4 March 2023, and continued weekly until the beginning of June 2023, when the last specimens were caught in the nets. The estimation of the growth, mortality parameters, and exploitation rate was done in FiSAT (FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tools). The von Bertalanffy growth equation was estimated at L_∞ = 36.75 cm, the growth coefficient was k = 0.68 year⁻¹, and the theoretical initial age was t₀ = −0.67 year⁻¹. The total mortality rate (Z) estimated was 2.76 year⁻¹, with a natural mortality rate (M) and fishing mortality rate (F) of 0.89 year⁻¹ and 1.87 year⁻¹, respectively. The Z/k ratio was found to be 4.11 and the exploitation rate (E) was estimated at 0.68 year⁻¹, indicating the overexploitation of Alosa immaculata stocks. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the population dynamics of Pontic shad in the Danube River, Romania. The assessments of the growth parameters, mortality rates, and exploitation rates highlight a level of overexploitation of Alosa immaculata stocks. These findings underscore the importance of applying effective fishery management strategies to ensure the sustainability and conservation of this valuable fish species in the Danube River ecosystem. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Aquaculture Production Technology)

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16 pages, 2499 KiB

Open AccessArticle

PAHs, Physicochemical and Microbiological Analyses of Trout Processed by Traditional Smoking, in Different Types of Packaging

by Alexandru Sava, Paul Uiuiu, Călin Lațiu, Daniel Cocan, George-Cătălin Muntean, Tudor Papuc, Andrada Ihuț, Camelia Răducu, Anca Becze, Cristina Craioveanu, Camelia Munteanu, Radu Constantinescu and Vioara Mireșan

Fishes 2023, 8(8), 424; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080424 - 19 Aug 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1202

Abstract

Smoking represents one of the oldest thermic processing methods of fish, and it was originally used to preserve fish for later meals, delaying spoiling. The objective of this study was to analyze the physicochemical and microbiological safety and quality of two traditionally smoked trout species (Oncorhynchus mykiss and Salvelinus fontinalis). We analyzed the effect of trout processed by traditional smoking, characterizing the samples according to the relationships existing between classical microbial analysis, physicochemical parameters, and the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The microbial activity of the smoked fish was very low. Although traditional smoking implies high temperatures and direct exposure to the smoke, Benzo[a]pyrene, Benzo[b]fluoranthene, Benzo[k]fluoranthene, Dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, Benzo[g,h,i]perylene, and Indeno [1,2,3-cd]pyrene compounds had undetectable levels in the samples. The products obtained in this study did not exceed the maximum values imposed by EU legislation regarding the TVB-N values during the 30 days of the experiment. We conclude that traditionally smoked trout has many advantages in terms of quality and safety of the products. Thus, the obtained products are safe for consumption for at least 30 days after processing. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Aquaculture Production Technology)

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23 pages, 6951 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Epidemiology of Turbot (Scophthalmus maeoticus) Bacterial Contamination, a Fishery Limiting Factor on the Romanian Black Sea

by Aurelia Țoțoiu, Neculai Patriche, Victor Niță, Elena Sîrbu, Floricel Maricel Dima, Magda Ioana Nenciu and Veta Nistor

Fishes 2023, 8(8), 418; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080418 - 15 Aug 2023

Viewed by 1333

Abstract

The aim of this research was to evaluate the health status of the Scophthalmus maeoticus (Pallas, 1814) population from the Romanian marine area in 2016–2019, by identifying and investigating information about bacterial and constitutional diseases, establishing the influence of these bacterioses on the researched populations, and highlighting the main biological disorders (reproduction, growth, and feeding) that manifested in the analyzed fish. The bacterial diseases reported in S. maeoticus (Pallas, 1814) populations were caused by pathogens from the genera Vibrio, Aeromonas, and Pseudomonas. Numerous skin diseases, especially various types of “wounds”, lesions of bony tubercles, and tissue lesions may be the subsequent cause of neoplasms, as a result of fishing gear manipulations. The appearance of significant changes in the prevalence of neoplasia on the Romanian Black Sea coast can be considered an indicator of chronic stress (anthropogenic impact), rather than acute (environmental impact), and we suggest that the species could be used as a biological indicator of changes that may occur in the habitat in which it lives. In terms of future research directions, a combined analysis of the population structure, morphology and diseases determined in S. maeoticus populations, with a structural analysis of the habitat and bacteria contamination degree would be useful; this monitoring should be carried out regularly, to reveal changes in the Black Sea ecosystem, and to propose possible recommendations and protective measures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Aquaculture Production Technology)

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Review

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14 pages, 955 KiB

Open AccessReview

Optimized Utilization of Organic Carbon in Aquaculture Biofloc Systems: A Review

by Changwei Li, Xiaoyu Zhang, Yu Chen, Shiyu Zhang, Limin Dai, Wenjing Zhu and Yuan Chen

Fishes 2023, 8(9), 465; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090465 - 16 Sep 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1840

Abstract

Biofloc technology (BFT) as an efficient aquaculture alternative is attracting attention for boosting biosecurity with minimal water exchange and reduced feed intake. BFT relies on applying organic carbon to maintain a high C/N ratio above 10, which allows heterotrophs to assimilate toxic nitrogen. A high percentage of carbon loss is thus generated from BFT. For this review, a thorough search of the relevant literature was conducted to gather valuable information on the optimization of carbon utilization. The keywords searched included ‘BFT’, ‘carbon use efficiency’, ‘carbon conversion’, ‘carbon retention’, ‘carbon emission’, ‘carbon loss’, and ‘carbon release’. The current review discusses the possible effects of various C/N ratios, carbon types, addition strategies, and technology integration with respect to the optimized carbon utilization in BFT. Given the extreme lack of accessible research, it was concluded that the carbon utilization in BFT is still in its initial research stage. Anyhow, this review sheds light on plausible approaches for boosted carbon utilization by adopting slow-release carbon, reducing carbon input, integrating with other technologies, and enhancing interactions between functional microbes within BFT, thereby contributing to sustainable aquaculture. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Aquaculture Production Technology)

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25 pages, 2085 KiB

Open AccessReview

Bioaccumulation of Metals in Some Fish Species from the Romanian Danube River: A Review

by Anca Nicoleta Cordeli (Săvescu), Lucian Oprea, Mirela Crețu, Lorena Dediu, Marian Tiberiu Coadă and Diana-Nicoleta Mînzală

Fishes 2023, 8(8), 387; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080387 - 26 Jul 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1781

Abstract

The Danube is the second-largest river in Europe and has been subject to pollution in the past. Additionally, in the last few years, the rapid pace of industrialization and urbanization has led to the inevitable pollution of this aquatic ecosystem by certain metals (essential and non-essential elements). This issue is considered the central problem of pollution in the Danube and is gaining increasing attention. Fish is a good source of proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids (especially omega-3 fatty acids), essential vitamins, and minerals. Fish are often exposed to metals present in their aquatic environment through direct contact with contaminated water or by consuming organisms that have accumulated metals in their tissues; therefore, the elevated concentrations of metals in water and sediments are reflected in the fish flesh. In this context, the safety of fish and fishery products for human consumption is a public health concern. In the last two decades, more and more reports have shown that Danube River fish are contaminated with metals, causing great concern among consumers. The negative perception continues, although recent scientific studies show that metal levels in the edible parts of the fish are below acceptable limits. The objective of this study was to put together a multitude of scientific research studies that investigate the levels of some metals in various tissues of some fish species with high economic value in the Romanian market, as well as the levels of metals in the water and sediments. The collected data were then utilized to assess the potential health risks posed to humans. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Aquaculture Production Technology)

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