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Fishes
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Technology for Fish and Fishery Monitoring
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Technology for Fish and Fishery Monitoring

A special issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888). This special issue belongs to the section "Fishery Facilities, Equipment, and Information Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 18 August 2025 | Viewed by 7153

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Vincent Kerzérho

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
LIRMM (Montpellier Laboratory of Computer Science, Robotics and Microelectronics), University of Montpellier, UMR5506 CNRS/UM, 161 Rue Ada, 34095 Montpellier, CEDEX 5, France
Interests: sensor; intrabody communication; biologging; physiologging; bioimpedance; fish; fisheries; aquaculture; jellyfish; bycatch mitigation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Marine biodiversity conservation requires the management of exploited species as much as taking care of protected species. Unfortunately, marine animals suffer from a lack of observability. Indeed, due to a harsh environment (pressure and salinity) and potentially wide range of habitats, it is difficult to observe and monitor individuals over long durations of time.

This Special Issue aims to highlight innovative hardware and/or software technologies for data collection and analyses. It covers a wide spectrum of technologies, ranging from biosensors to embedded artificial intelligence, e.g., sensor networks, electronic tags, robots, etc. Such technologies can have various applications, such as biologging, physiologging, acoustic tagging, video tracking for better understanding of fish biology, health monitoring, trajectory tracking, social interaction, interaction with the environment applied to fisheries but also to other species such as bycatches of fisheries (e.g., jellyfish, marine mammals, marine turtles, etc.).

Dr. Vincent Kerzérho
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fishes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fisheries
  • biologging
  • physiologging
  • biotelemetry
  • monitoring
  • tracking
  • sensors
  • embedded systems
  • electronic tags

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1641 KiB  
Article
An Inexpensive 3D Camera System Based on a Completely Synchronized Stereo Camera, Open-Source Software, and a Raspberry Pi for Accurate Fish Size, Position, and Swimming Speed
by Ólavur av Fløtum Mittún, Lars Emil Juel Andersen, Morten Bo Søndergaard Svendsen and John Fleng Steffensen
Fishes 2025, 10(4), 139; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes10040139 - 21 Mar 2025
Viewed by 483
Abstract
The visual underwater monitoring of fish size, position, and swimming speed is experiencing increasing interest in aquaculture and marine research. Despite the long-standing use of video monitoring, there is no methodological consensus, but numerous researchers and developers advocate for 3D video capture techniques [...] Read more.
The visual underwater monitoring of fish size, position, and swimming speed is experiencing increasing interest in aquaculture and marine research. Despite the long-standing use of video monitoring, there is no methodological consensus, but numerous researchers and developers advocate for 3D video capture techniques to facilitate biometric estimations. Most of the previous systems, however, use partially synchronized cameras (within one frame), which causes an inherent error if observing moving fish in relation to the camera. This study proposes the use of a completely synchronized 3D camera system for underwater video capture, which can be calibrated, and which allows analyses to be performed using open-source software(s). We present data on the maximum theoretical error in the size estimation of swimming fish. This article presents a guide on how to build and set up the camera hardware and run the system, including a formal study investigating pre-measured lengths, and an informal study investigating the lengths of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Technology for Fish and Fishery Monitoring)
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20 pages, 10296 KiB  
Article
Utilizing an Enhanced YOLOv8 Model for Fishery Detection
by Hanyu Jiang, Jiacheng Zhong, Fuyu Ma, Cheng Wang and Ruiwen Yi
Fishes 2025, 10(2), 81; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes10020081 - 17 Feb 2025
Viewed by 643
Abstract
Due to the complexity of underwater lighting, image clarity and color are significantly affected. Furthermore, in the underwater environment, marine organisms often blend into the background due to their similar colors, making them difficult to distinguish. These organisms are often obscured by various [...] Read more.
Due to the complexity of underwater lighting, image clarity and color are significantly affected. Furthermore, in the underwater environment, marine organisms often blend into the background due to their similar colors, making them difficult to distinguish. These organisms are often obscured by various obstacles, and there are varying degrees of overlap between them, posing substantial challenges for underwater object detection using deep learning methods. To address these challenges, we developed an improved object detection model based on YOLOv8, which is robust and less sensitive to noise. We designed the Global Context 3D Perception Module (GC3DPM) to enable global context feature modeling and 3D perception. Additionally, we introduced the Channel Aggregation Efficient Downsampling Block (CAEDB) for more efficient upsampling and to improve the network’s expressive power and information flow through channel aggregation functionality. We further optimized the detection head for more effective use of the top-layer network’s rich semantic information, and addressed the class imbalance that was present in the data. Our proposed method achieves 82.1% precision, 76.5% recall, 79.2% F1-score, 83.3% mAP50, and 48.6% mAP50-95, while reducing the parameter count by 8.3%. The results demonstrate that our method provides an efficient and reliable automatic detection technology for precision underwater fishing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Technology for Fish and Fishery Monitoring)
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13 pages, 5211 KiB  
Article
Preferred and Optimal Swimming Speeds in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at Three Temperatures
by Ólavur av Fløtum Mittún, Morten Bo Søndergaard Svendsen, Lars Emil Juel Andersen, Heiðrikur Bergsson and John Fleng Steffensen
Fishes 2025, 10(2), 64; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes10020064 - 4 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1051
Abstract
Sustained exercise in aquaculture is known to improve the health and growth of finfish. Implementing exercise regimes has become an increasing focus in aquaculture practice. This study examined the relationship between the preferred swimming speed (Upref) and the optimal swimming speed [...] Read more.
Sustained exercise in aquaculture is known to improve the health and growth of finfish. Implementing exercise regimes has become an increasing focus in aquaculture practice. This study examined the relationship between the preferred swimming speed (Upref) and the optimal swimming speed (Uopt) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under non-migratory conditions typical of aquaculture environments. Using a circular raceway, rainbow trout were allowed to swim voluntarily to determine Upref. Uopt was measured using a forced-swimming test in a swim tunnel respirometer. Experiments were conducted at three temperatures (10 °C, 15 °C, and 20 °C). The results revealed a significant difference between Upref (1.18 ± 0.14, 1.17 ± 0.19, and 1.24 ± 0.15 BL s−1, respectively) and Uopt (1.4 ± 0.19, 1.5 ± 0.15, and 1.6 ± 0.24 BL s−1, respectively) across all temperatures. Aerobic scope was greatest at 15 °C (3.8), consistent with the species’ thermal range. Notably, swimming at Upref required 18–22% less energy than Uopt, suggesting that Upref is more suitable for aquaculture systems. This study introduces a minimally invasive and stress-free method for determining Upref and provides insights that can optimize flow regimes in aquaculture tanks, improving both energy efficiency and fish welfare. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Technology for Fish and Fishery Monitoring)
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16 pages, 13245 KiB  
Article
Method for Non-Contact Measuring the Weight of Sturgeon in Intensive Aquaculture
by Junjie Hu, Kai Lin, Shiyu Zhang, Rui Zhang, Hongsong Li and Runqiu Xia
Fishes 2024, 9(11), 458; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9110458 - 10 Nov 2024
Viewed by 958
Abstract
Weight information plays a pivotal role in sturgeon breeding and production management. However, manual measurement is time consuming and labor intensive due to the immense size of the sturgeon. Due to the unique body shape of the sturgeon, traditional image segmentation algorithms struggle [...] Read more.
Weight information plays a pivotal role in sturgeon breeding and production management. However, manual measurement is time consuming and labor intensive due to the immense size of the sturgeon. Due to the unique body shape of the sturgeon, traditional image segmentation algorithms struggle to extract the necessary features from sturgeon images, which makes them unsuitable for this particular species. Moreover, accurately measuring weight in an occlusion environment is difficult. To address these challenges, an improved YOLOv5s model with a context augmentation module, focal-efficient intersection over union, and soft non-maximum suppression was proposed in this paper. To validate the model’s feasibility, the improved YOLOv5s model was first pre-trained using the sturgeon dataset, followed by further training on the occlusion dataset for segmentation tasks. Based on the phenotypic data obtained from the improved model, a multilayer perceptron method was used to estimate the sturgeon’s weight accurately. Experimental results demonstrated that the average precision of the improved YOLOv5s model reached 89.80% under occlusion conditions, and the correlation coefficient of noncontact weight measurement results reached 89.80%. The experimental results showed that the improved algorithm effectively performs segmentation of sturgeon in occlusion conditions and can accurately estimate the mass. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Technology for Fish and Fishery Monitoring)
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16 pages, 4164 KiB  
Article
Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Tail-Beat Frequency Measurement Using Implanted Bioimpedance Sensing
by Vincent Kerzerho, Mohamed-Moez Belhaj, Serge Bernard, Sylvain Bonhommeau, Tristan Rouyer, Fabien Soulier and David J. McKenzie
Fishes 2024, 9(10), 399; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9100399 - 1 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1212
Abstract
Estimating tailbeat frequency (TBF) is a crucial component of fish swimming kinematics and performance, particularly because it provides information about energetics and behavioral responses to environmental cues. The most commonly used technique for TBF estimation is based on accelerometers. This paper proposes a [...] Read more.
Estimating tailbeat frequency (TBF) is a crucial component of fish swimming kinematics and performance, particularly because it provides information about energetics and behavioral responses to environmental cues. The most commonly used technique for TBF estimation is based on accelerometers. This paper proposes a novel approach using bioimpedance technology. This is the first time bioimpedance has been measured in a freely moving animal. This was made possible by implanting a flexible electrode in the back muscle of seabasses and having them in a swimming tunnel. The experiment first demonstrates that it is possible to measure bioimpedance in an immersed fish despite the high conductivity of seawater. An agreement analysis was then performed to compare a video-based reference measurement of TBF with the newly proposed approach. Several bioimpedance settings, such as the configuration and the extracted electrical parameters, were considered. Data analysis highlights that a 4-point setup for modulus impedance measurement at frequencies over 10 kHz provides the best agreement (r > 0.98 and CCC > 0.97) with the video-based approach. These results attest to the significant benefits of integrating bioimpedance sensors in biologgers, especially considering the complementary parameters that can be extracted from bioimpedance measurements, such as length, weight, condition index, and fat content. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Technology for Fish and Fishery Monitoring)
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12 pages, 3606 KiB  
Article
Ex Situ Target Strength Measurements of Rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) and Striped Beakperch (Oplegnathus fasciatus)
by Euna Yoon, Woo-Seok Oh and Kyounghoon Lee
Fishes 2024, 9(10), 371; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9100371 - 24 Sep 2024
Viewed by 815
Abstract
The rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) and striped beakperch (Oplegnathus fasciatus) were released in marine ranching areas in Korea, Japan, and China to maintain fishery resources in coastal areas. To estimate the density and biomass of fishery resources, the target strength [...] Read more.
The rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) and striped beakperch (Oplegnathus fasciatus) were released in marine ranching areas in Korea, Japan, and China to maintain fishery resources in coastal areas. To estimate the density and biomass of fishery resources, the target strength (TS) of target marine organisms is needed to scale integrated volume backscattering coefficients. In this study, the target strength–length (TS–L) relationship for live rockfish and striped beakperch was derived using ex situ methods at a frequency of 200 kHz. The TS-L function for rockfish and striped beakperch can be expressed as TSAvg. = 20logTL − 69.25 (R2 = 0.35) and TSAvg. = 20logFL − 67.01 (R2 = 0.31), respectively. These results can be used to assess the growth, density, and abundance of the two species using acoustics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Technology for Fish and Fishery Monitoring)
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13 pages, 1162 KiB  
Article
Unveiling the Acoustic Signature of Collichthys lucidus: Insights from X-ray Morphometry-Informed Acoustic Modeling and Empirical Analysis
by Shuo Lyu, Chuhan Qiu, Minghua Xue, Zhenhong Zhu, Yue Qiu and Jianfeng Tong
Fishes 2024, 9(8), 304; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9080304 - 2 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1082
Abstract
Collichthys lucidus is an important small-scale economic fish species in the Yangtze River Estuary. To improve the accuracy of acoustic stock assessments for C. lucidus, it is necessary to accurately measure its target strength (TS). This study obtained precise morphological parameters of [...] Read more.
Collichthys lucidus is an important small-scale economic fish species in the Yangtze River Estuary. To improve the accuracy of acoustic stock assessments for C. lucidus, it is necessary to accurately measure its target strength (TS). This study obtained precise morphological parameters of C. lucidus through X-ray scanning and established a Kirchhoff ray mode (KRM) model to simulate the changes in TS of the fish body and swimbladder at different acoustic frequencies and pitch angles. At the same time, the TS was measured using the tethered method to analyze and compare the broadband scattering characteristics obtained from both methods. An empirical formula of C. lucidus relating TS to body length at two conventional frequencies was established using the least squares method. The results show that the C. lucidus TS changes, with body length ranging from 10.91 to 16.61 cm, are significantly influenced by the pitch angle at 70 kHz and 200 kHz frequencies, and the fluctuation of TS for both the fish body and swimbladder increases with the rise in frequency. The broadband TS values estimated by the KRM model and measured by the tethered method fluctuate within in the ranges from −45 dB to −55 dB and −40 dB to −55 dB, respectively. The TS of C. lucidus tends to increase with the increase in swimbladder length. When the probability density function of the pitch angle is N(−5°, 15°), the b20 measured by the KRM and the tethered method at 70 kHz are −71.94 dB and −69.21 dB, respectively, while at 200 kHz they are −72.58 dB and −70.55 dB. This study provides a scientific basis for future acoustic target discrimination and stock assessment of C. lucidus in the Yangtze River Estuary. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Technology for Fish and Fishery Monitoring)
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